Flashcards in Fertilization-The First Week Deck (23)
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1
how many sperm will fertilize the secondary oocyte
only one!
2
the two layers that the sperm must go through are ?
corona radiata and the zona pellucida
3
what produces the zona pellucida
oocyte and the follicular cells which makes the primordial germ cell become a primary follicle
4
Zona reaction
prevents any further fertilization by the sperm
5
after the sperm fertilizes the egg what happens to the oocyte
finishes off the 2nd meiotic division!
6
What are the 3 main things fertilization results in ?
restoration of a diploid genome, determines the genetic sex of the embryo, intitiation of cleavage
7
what determines the sex of the embryo ?
whether or not the sperm is carrying an X or an Y chromosome
8
contraceptive pill
consists of estrogens and progesterone
9
depo provera
progesterone analog
10
plan B
levonorgestrel (progesterone analog)
11
RU-486
acts as an antiprogesterone
12
what happens within 24 hours of fertilization
cleavage which is a series of regulated mitotic cell divisions and there is NO growth in size at this time
13
What is compaction in reference to the morula?
cells increase surface contact with other cells, increase gap juctions to allow communication and it starts to show polarity and shift the nucleus and cytoplasm
14
morula begins to form a fluid filled space and is called what now
blastocyst
15
ectopic pregnancy
pregnancy anywhere outside of the uterus
16
placental previa
implantation in the lower part of the uterus (generally near the cervix)
17
placental abrubtion
tearing or disconnected placenta
18
placental accreta
abnormal growth of the placenta and if it invades or grows into the musculature
19
cortical reaction
when the oocyte releases all of its lysosomal contents in reaction to the penetration by the sperm
20
the maternal pronucleus is important in what
development of embryo
21
the paternal pronucleus is important in what
extraembryonic tissue
22
implantation occurs how many days after fertilization
6
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