Flashcards in Diarrhea and Constipation Deck (21):
1
Stool frequency of less than three per week. Characterized by straining, dard Stool, incomplete evacuation
constipation
2
Common causes of constipation
inadequate fiber and fluid intake, and inactivity
3
Done to observe transit time in patients with refractory constipation not responding to conservative measures
Colonic Transit Study
4
First and foremost management of constipation
prevention
5
key stimulus to colon peristalsis and defecation
excercise
6
T/F constipated stools are high in water content
false, they are low in water content
7
T/F chronic constipation responds poorly to fiber
true
8
Name the two stool softening agents
Colace (docusate sodium)
Docusate calcium
9
Name the two stimulant laxatives
Bisacodyl and Senna
10
Opioid-receptor antagonist approved for constipated palliative care pts, pts on chronic opiod tx, doesn’t effect central analgesia
Methylnaltrexone
11
increase in daily stool weight above 200-300g/24hrs. increase in stool liquidity and/or frequency
diarrhea
12
Range for normal bowel frequency
anywhere from three times a week to three times a day
13
Caused by decreased absorption, increased secretion of fluid and electrolytes, or increase in bowel motility
diarrhea
14
Quantification for acute, persistent, and chronic diarrhea according to the American Gastroenterological Association
acute less than 14 days. persistent 15-29 days. chronic more than 30 days
15
Common cause of acute diarrhea. Associated symptoms include fever, cramping pain, dehydration
infections with viruses and bacteria
16
Causes of chronic diarrhea
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease, or malabsorption syndromes
17
Presence indicated bowel mucosal inflammation, which occurs in invasive bacterial enteritis and Ulcerative colitis
fecal leukocytes
18
more specific than guaiac tests because they respond only to human globin and do not detect upper gastrointestinal bleeding
fecal occult blood
19
Conditions associated with steattorhea
Sprue, Crohn's, Whipples Dz
20
Name the opiate antidiarrheal agents used for mild to moderate secretory diarrhea
Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) and Loperamide (Immodium)
21