Dimorphic Fungi

Question 1

Aerial hyphae

Answer 1

extend above the agar or nutrient substrate and their function is to support reproductive structures called conidia

Question 2

Conidia

Answer 2

sporelike asexual reproductive structures formed by the imperfect fungi

Question 3

Microconidia

Answer 3

single celled, small conidia

Question 4

Macroconidia

Answer 4

multicellular, large conidia

Question 5

Arthroconidia

Answer 5

cells in hyphae which become enlarged and thickened

on maturity these are released by lysis of adjacent hyphae cells

Question 6

Chlamydoconidia

Answer 6

cells in hyphae which become thickened and often enlarged

Question 7

Blastocystis hominis infection

Answer 7

infection following contact with moist environments
causes blastomycosis
veterinary disease

Question 8

Blastomycosis

Answer 8

respiratory infection that can effect skin and bones

Question 9

Blastocystis hominis yeast phase

Answer 9

broad based budding

Question 10

Blastocystis hominis mold phase

Answer 10

presence of single, smooth walled, round to oval microconidia at the ends of short conidiophores (lollipop)

Question 11

Coccidiodes immitis infection

Answer 11

infection occurs after environmental activities that increase airborne dust such as plowing and construction
causes desert/valley fever

Question 12

Coccidiodes immitis yeast phase

Answer 12

round thick walled spherule filled with small endospores

Question 13

Coccidiodes immitis mold phase

Answer 13

presence of thick walled, rectangular (barrel shaped) arthroconidia with alternating disjunctor cells
arthroconidia become airborne

Question 14

Histoplasma capsulatum info

Answer 14

environmental spore inhalation

associated with guano(feces) from starlings and bats

Question 15

Histoplasma capsulatum yeast phase

Answer 15

appear as small budding cells that are unremarkable in morphology
often found inside monocytes and macrophages

Question 16

Histoplasma capsulatum mold phase

Answer 16

presence of conidiophores at 90 degree angles to hyphae supporting macroconidia with finlike edges (tuberculate)
microconidia are small and round to teardrop shape

Question 17

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis infection

Answer 17

inhalation of environmental spores or ingestion of spores

causes chronic granulomatous disease

Question 18

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis yeast phase

Answer 18

appear as thick walled, with multiple budding yeast cells with very narrow necks (ships wheel)

Question 19

Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis mold phase

Answer 19

presence of mostly hyphae with intercalary and terminal chlamydoconidia

Question 20

Sporothrix schenckii infection

Answer 20

contact with rose thorns and contact with sphagnum moss

rose gardeners disease

Question 21

Sporothrix schenckii yeast phase

Answer 21

cigar shaped cells

Question 22

Sporothrix schenckii mold phase

Answer 22

presence of delicate hyphae and microconidia (rosette formation)

Question 23

Talaromyces marneffei infection

Answer 23

exposure to soil especially during rainy season

inhalation of conidia

Question 24

Talaromyces marneffei info

Answer 24

conidiophore may branch into secondary segments called metulae which in turn produce conidia bearing structures called phialides

Question 25

Talaromyces marneffei yeast phase

Answer 25

non budding cells oval and small resembling Histoplasma but often will have cross walls

Question 26

Talaromyces marneffei mold phase

Answer 26

blue green mold with diffusible red pigment

presence of conidiophores, metulae and phialides with smooth walled conidia