Spirochetes

Question 1

Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum

Answer 1

Venereal syphilis

Question 2

Treponema pallidum subsp pertenue

Answer 2

Yaws

Question 3

Treponema pallidum subsp carateum

Answer 3

Pinta

Question 4

Treponema pallidum subsp endemicum

Answer 4

Bejel

Question 5

Treponema denticola

Answer 5

necrotizing gingivitis

Question 6

Yaws

Answer 6

most common non venereal infection

mainly children <15

Question 7

Yaws primary

Answer 7

lower extremities lesions

2-4 weeks post inoculation

Question 8

Yaws secondary

Answer 8

weeks to months later

lesions near mouth and nose then spread and develop into ulcers, shedding organism

Question 9

Yaws tertiary

Answer 9

10% of patients
5-10 years later
deforming subcutaneous gummatous nodules with large necrotic skin ulcers
bone infections resulting in new bone formation

Question 10

Pinta

Answer 10

least severe of non venereal syphilis

many children <15

Question 11

Pinta infection

Answer 11

lesions develop 1-8 weeks post inoculation
depigmented skin lesions ulcerative or papulosquamous
sentinel lesions lower limbs loaded with organism
3-5 years post develop skin rash
3-10 yrs later pigment changes, bony prominences

Question 12

Bejel

Answer 12

non venereal, endemic syphilis

children 2-15

Question 13

Bejel primary

Answer 13

painless ulcerations - oral, nasopharyngeal region

Question 14

Bejel secondary

Answer 14

no ulcerations visible, diffuse skin rash, lesions at same area
nasopharyngeal ulcerations progress to bone involvement

Question 15

Primary syphilis

Answer 15

10-90 day incubation
indurated lesion (chancre) becomes encrusted or ulcerated (regional lymphadenopathy)

Question 16

Secondary syphilis

Answer 16

6 weeks to 6 months
lesions of skin and mucous membranes involving palms and soles
lymphadenopathy
neurologic symptoms

Question 17

Tertiary syphilis

Answer 17

non infectious

chronic inflammatory lesions - gummas

Question 18

Congenital syphilis

Answer 18

Hutchinsons triad - teeth/bone deformation, interstitial keratitis, deafness due to lesions of 8th cranial nerve and neurosyphilis

Question 19

Non treponemal tests

Answer 19

RPR

VDRL

Question 20

Non treponemal tests

Answer 20

detect tissue damage (cell lysis material)

NOT specific, must be confirmed

Question 21

Treponemal tests

Answer 21

detect the specific organism (definitive)

Question 22

Treponemal tests

Answer 22

FTA-ABS
TP-PA
EIA
INNO-LIA
PCR
Darkfield microscopy

Question 23

Borrelia recurrentis

Borrelia duttoni

Answer 23

Epidemic relapsing fever

Question 24

Borrelia hermsii
Borrelia turicatae
Borrelia parkeri

Answer 24

Endemic relapsing fever

Question 25

Borrelia burgdorferi
Borrelia garinii
Borrelia afzelii

Answer 25

Lyme disease

Question 26

Lyme disease

Answer 26

60% develop erythema migrans at site of tick bite

Question 27

Louse borne relapsing fever

Answer 27

scratching kills releasing organism, inoculating host skin or mucous membrane
associated with poverty, crowded living conditions, poor sanitation

Question 28

Borrelia media

Answer 28

Kellys medium

Question 29

Leptospira biflexa

Answer 29

non pathogenic

Question 30

Leptospira interrogans

Answer 30

pathogenic

Question 31

Leptospira reservoir

Answer 31

rodents and dogs

Question 32

Spirrilium minus

Answer 32

rat bite fever (sudoku)

rodent exposure threat