RNA Viruses

Question 1

HIV I/II mode of action

Answer 1

Encode reverse transcriptase enzyme which makes a double stranded DNA from the single stranded RNA genome

Question 2

HIV I groups

Answer 2

M, N, o

Question 3

HIV II groups

Answer 3

A1 and A2

Question 4

HIV tropism to human cells

Answer 4

CD4+ cells — T helper cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, astrocytes

Question 5

Stages of HIV Replication/Pathology

Answer 5

1. Binding
2. Fusion
3. Reverse transcription
4. Integration
5. Replication
6. Assembly
7. Budding

Question 6

HIV I/II

Answer 6

Retroviridae

Question 7

HTLV I/II

Answer 7

Retroviridae

Question 8

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCM/LCMV)

Answer 8

Arenaviridae

Question 9

Lassa fever

Answer 9

Arenaviridae

Question 10

Rift Valley fever

Answer 10

Bunyaviridae

Question 11

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever

Answer 11

Bunyaviridae

Question 12

California encephalitis virus

Answer 12

Bunyaviridae

Question 13

Sin nombre

Answer 13

Bunyaviridae

Question 14

Hantaa and Seoul virus

Answer 14

Bunyaviridae

Question 15

Hepatitis D virus

Answer 15

Deltaviridae

Question 16

Marburg virus

Answer 16

Filoviridae

Question 17

Ebola virus

Answer 17

Filoviridae

Question 18

Influenza

Answer 18

Orthomyxoviridae

Question 19

Parainfluenza 1-4

Answer 19

Paramyxoviridae

Question 20

Mumps virus

Answer 20

Paramyxoviridae

Question 21

Measles (Rubeola) virus

Answer 21

Paramyxoviridae

Question 22

Respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 22

Paramyxoviridae

Question 23

Rabies virus

Answer 23

Rhabdoviridae

Question 24

SARS-CoV

Answer 24

Coronaviridae

Question 25

MERS-CoV

Answer 25

Coronaviridae

Question 26

Yellow fever

Answer 26

Flaviviridae

Question 27

Japanese encephalitis

Answer 27

Flaviviridae

Question 28

West Nile virus

Answer 28

Flaviviridae

Question 29

Dengue and Zika virus

Answer 29

Flaviviridae

Question 30

Hepatitis C

Answer 30

Flaviviridae

Question 31

Hepatitis E

Answer 31

Flaviviridae

Question 32

Eastern equine encephalitis

Answer 32

Togaviridae

Question 33

Chikungunya

Answer 33

Togaviridae

Question 34

Rubella

Answer 34

Togaviridae

Question 35

Norwalk virus

Answer 35

Calciviridae

Question 36

Enterovirus

Answer 36

Picornaviridae

Question 37

Poliovirus

Answer 37

Picornaviridae

Question 38

Hepatitis A virus

Answer 38

Picornaviridae

Question 39

Rhinovirus

Answer 39

Picornaviridae

Question 40

Rotavirus

Answer 40

Reoviridae

Question 41

Colorado tick fever virus

Answer 41

Reoviridae

Question 42

LCM/LCMV transmission

Answer 42

Aseptic meningitis by inhalation of rodent urine or infected cultures <1% mortality

Question 43

Lassa fever transmission

Answer 43

Person to person exposure to infected body fluids | 5% mortality

Question 44

Rift Valley/Crimean Congo/California encephalitis transmission

Answer 44

Infected mosquito | Neurological disease

Question 45

Hepatitis D role

Answer 45

Incomplete virus, require other virus as a helper to replicate Enveloped, helical nucleocapsid Blood or body exposure to mucous membranes NO vaccine

Question 46

Marburg info

Answer 46

Mortality 20-90% Incubation 5-10 days Exposure to contaminated body fluids

Question 47

Ebola info

Answer 47

Mortality 70-90% Incubation 8-10 days Exposure to contaminated body fluids

Question 48

Ebola treatment

Answer 48

Adoptive serum transfer, experimental drug ZMapp

Question 49

Influenza A

Answer 49

80% all infections Pandemics and epidemics Humans, avian, swine

Question 50

Influenza B

Answer 50

20% all infections | Human infection only

Question 51

Influenza C

Answer 51

Rare, human infection only

Question 52

Influenza Peplomers

Answer 52

Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase

Question 53

Antigenic drift

Answer 53

Very small changes occur in the virus RNA over time, these changes make the H and N protein different

Question 54

Antigenic shift

Answer 54

2 different viruses infected the same cell. As new viral particles are made they contain a mix of both viruses

Question 55

Measles info

Answer 55

Infects epithelium of respiratory tract and spread by coughing or sneezing

Question 56

Measles symptoms

Answer 56

2-3 days koplik spots, 3-5 days red raised rash (extanthem) starting at hair lines spreads down throughout body

Question 57

Respiratory syncytial virus info

Answer 57

Most common cause of respiratory disease < 1 yr olds | Most common in winter months

Question 58

RSV treatment

Answer 58

Synagis a monoclonal antibody that blocks attachment

Question 59

Rabies clinical phases

Answer 59

Prodromal Furious Dumb Coma

Question 60

Rabies transmission

Answer 60

Exposure to infected saliva secretion by bites, inoculation of mucous membranes, rare case transplantation

Question 61

Rabies viral entry

Answer 61

Nerve endings, advances to ganglia, spinal cord and brain

Question 62

Rabies treatment

Answer 62

Infuse HRIG, vaccination

Question 63

Norwalk virus transmission

Answer 63

Fecal oral contamination Highly contagious #1 associated food borne illness 10-20 virus particles infectious dose

Question 64

Poliovirus symptoms

Answer 64

Targets brain and spinal cord | 70% asymptomatic, 25% flu like for 2-5 days then resolve

Question 65

Post polio syndrome

Answer 65

Progressive muscle deterioration occurs in 25-50% of patients infected during childhood

Question 66

Hepatitis A treatment

Answer 66

Vaccination recommended person 1yrs old and older at high risk Pre and post exposure immunoglobulin therapy

Question 67

Echovirus

Answer 67

Similar to polio but less virulent | Responsible for respiratory infections, conjunctivitis, hand foot mouth disease

Question 68

Rhinovirus info

Answer 68

Likes to replicate in cooler temp (32C)