diverse places EQ2

Question 1

how did London’s population increase during the 29th century?

Answer 1

exploded from 1 to 6 million

Question 2

what was quality of life like for children in victorian London

Answer 2

poor
children as young as 5 set to work begging or sweeping chimneys

Question 3

what as health like in victorian london

Answer 3

bad:
raw sewage dumped in thames- outbreaks of cholera, typhoid, smallpox
no NHS, poor couldnt afford dr fees
coal stoves decreased air quality
but:
public health improvements undertaken - sewage systems implemented
police set up 1829

Question 4

what was life expectancy in central london in 1850

Answer 4

37

Question 5

difference between rich and poor quality of life in Vic London

Answer 5

poor: slums in east London, 1 fam to a room, high crime rates (prostitution, drunk disorder)
rich: west end, piccadilly circus built. new development and growing middle class wealth

Question 6

why are people attracted to current day London and urban areas

Answer 6

• wide range of employment opportunities
• range and quality of commercial and social services
• variety of entertainment and other leisure activities

Question 7

urban reality of present day london?

Answer 7

high living costs offset better pay- housing and commuting
low environmental quality- substandard housing, air pollution, noise and light pollution, antisocial behaviours
crime- higher in urban areas

Question 8

difference in violence rates between urban and rural areas (e.g.)

Answer 8

urban: 186 per 10,000 of popn
rural: 99 per 10,000

Question 9

what are the 10 components of the rural idyll

Answer 9

1. proximity to nature
2. organic farming
3. attractive landscape and scenery
4. friendly community
5. sheltered location
6. easy access to services
7. peace and quiet
8. personal security
9. no pollution of any kind
10. minimal crime

Question 10

what is Hardy’s wessex

Answer 10

coincided with home county Dorset
wessex novels gave detailed observations of rural life throughout the year

Question 11

how many people live in rural areas? how many live in accessible rural? UK

Answer 11

19.8 million in rural areas
98% in accessible rural

Question 12

Why do people move to commuter belts?

Answer 12

• To escape the downsides of urban living
• To avoid the high costs of housing in urban areas

Question 13

What is the nature of population growth in commuter belts?

Answer 13

They are experiencing fast rates of growth due both:
* In-migration of young adults and their families
* Natural increase due to the rising young adult population (high fertility rates, mortality rates around national average)

Question 14

In accessible rural areas just beyond the reach of commuters, what demographic has a strong presence?

Answer 14

Retirees:
* People who have made retirement moves away from urban areas
* People who have lived in the same rural place for many years, if not their whole lives

Question 15

Many accessible rural areas are ‘honeypot’ areas, what does this mean in terms of population growth in these areas?

Answer 15

They attract urban day-trippers for leisure and recreation - this may be due to visual appeal or for activities such as walking, boating etc
* Meeting needs of visitors generates jobs and income - people in the working age are therefore well represented in population pyramid

Question 16

What is the general nature of the populations of remote rural areas?

Answer 16

• Urbanisation and rural-urban migration has caused large depopulation of working age-range
• Many young people in the economically active age have left for secure employment and a better life
• Main population left are elderly and people with limited ambition

Question 17

Some remote rural places are experiencing a change in demographics, why is this happening?

Answer 17

• Many urban dwellers are beginning to place a premium on remoteness and the solitude, peacefulness and scenery - to meet the needs of the visitors, employment opportunity is opening up

Question 18

What remote areas are seeing a trend reversal?

Answer 18

The Highlands and Western Isles of Scotland

Question 19

what is shaws jigsaw of deprivation

Answer 19

1979
financial poverty
opportunity poverty
mobility poverty from lack of transport

Question 20

reality of services in rural areas?

Answer 20

have to travel much further to access
local pubs shut down
internet delivery more expensive

Question 21

reality of transport in rural areas?

Answer 21

highly dependent on cars
limited/ declining public transport
very elderly and young cannot drive - mobility poverty

Question 22

reality of housing in rural areas?

Answer 22

cottages attractive but require maintenance
fuel often not mains connected
not enough affordable housing for young people to stay local

Question 23

reality of technology in rural areas?

Answer 23

ability to access services on mobiles important
elderly find internet hard to access
service often patchy
leaves people isolated

Question 24

reality of social setting in rural areas?

Answer 24

isolation and loneliness
hard to make friends in established rural groups
some groups and societies in rural areas

Question 25

reality of tensions in rural areas?

Answer 25

retirement migrants and original villagers newcomers seen as changing places character and pushing up prices of goods and homes

Question 26

reality of environmental damage in rural areas?

Answer 26

house building, quarrying, intense faming , deforestation pollution- noise and air from transport can make it less desirable

Question 27

reality of tourism in rural areas?

Answer 27

second homes leads to traffic congestion local services replaced by tourist services second homes means empty houses for aa lot of the year