diverse places EQ3/4 Flashcards
(28 cards)
who is a refugee
someone who fled own country due to serious human rights violations and persecution
risk to safety so great they had to leave
have right to international protection
who is an asylum seeker
a person who has left their country and seeking protection from human rights violations
not yet legally recognised as a refugee and waiting to receive decision on asylum claim
seeking asylum is human right
who is a migrant?
people staying outside their country of origin who are not asylum seekers or refugees
can be economic or due to social push factors- danger at country of origin
2024 where are a majority of small boat migrants coming from - include values
afghanistan - 5919
syria - 4630
iran- 4158
how many applications for asylum were made in the UK in 2024
nearly 110,000
what are the largest internal flows of migrants in the UK
London attracts people from other british cities
any other outward movement from London confined to South East
why is internal migration important?
changed total number of people living in an area
can alter structure of an area’s population
if size stays the same, composition can be altered by 2 way migratory flows
major consequences in terms of labour market, housing, service provision etc
describe some post war migration flows
1948 India and Pakistani moved to north and midlands to work in textiles
1948- amaicans and other caribbean islanders
1968- kenyan asians
1970s- ugandan asians
2004- A8 countries (poland)
2007- A2 bulgaria and Romania
2007-11- East africans
how do enclaves develop
when people arrive ina new country they are drawn towards others like them
potentially to be near existing family
can access services common to their culture- food, religious services etc
enclaves develop over time
what factors can encourage ethnic minorities to opt for segregation
support in enclaves via family, community and religious centres
encouragement of friendships and marriage within ethnic groups
opportunities to use minority language
protection from racial abuse from majority population
what actions taken by majority populations force ethnic segregation
discrimination in job market
discrimination by estate agents
social hostility from majority popn
racially motivated violence
majority moving out of areas where minorities moving to
how do first generation migrants perceive and experience host and source countries
feel at home where they were born
identify with home culture’s traditions and customs
live in segregated inner city areas
english second language- used outside the home
how do second generation migrants perceive and experience host and source countries
Like UK people and potentially want to to be british
happy to take part in western culture
not confident in identity
working class upbringing
educated in UK schools/ colleges
less tightly segregated
how do third generation migrants perceive and experience host and source countries
successfully integrated into UK society
identify with british culture
less connection to home country of grandparents
better chances of employment and promotion
increasing social presence in suburbs
how can change in an area cause tension and conflict
newcomers often change a space
original residents want it to stay the same
space becomes an issue as well as use of space
what underlies causes of change in land use?
competition for space- greater in urban areas:
- between housinhg and other consumers of space (Services)
- competition for housing space within residential areas
- industry and retail often able to bid more money- so will win
how do places reflect their ethnicity?
places of worship
restaurants with ethnic cuisines
grocery shops supplying ethnic foods
clothes shops selling traditional clothing
social clubs
cultural festivals and ceremonies
cinemas showing ethnic films
non-english signposting and ads
non-english newspapers and magazines
how can how a diverse ethnic mix be managed?
assimilation
removing discrimination
conserving heritage
how is population structure managed
anticipating change
coping with ageing popn
raising LE
encouraging youth to move there
how is migration managed?
reducing tensions
controlling flows
border control
Quality of Life
improving access and quality of housing
health and education
reducing poverty and deprivation
what is change management
the management of change:
planning and implementing actions which facilitate transition from one situation to another
what does change management require
setting out and following a series of steps or actions
knowing not all issues can be fully resolved- best is reduction in seriousness
what are some demographic indicators of successful change management
- rate of popn change
- migration
-age structure - ethnic mix
- family size
- life expectancy
