Economy and society 2

Question 1

what did the emancipation edict do, when was it?

Answer 1

freed the serfs 1861

Question 2

when were serfs owned by the state freed?

Answer 2

1866

Question 3

what happened to the land allocated to the peasants?

Answer 3

it was valued at above the market rate

Question 4

what happened in the Bezdna revolt?

Answer 4

literate peasant named petrov was telling people that the emancipation was a lie, and he was speaking to a crowd of 5000 peasants when the army opened fire and killed 91 of them, and petrov was executed

Question 5

what shows that the emancipation was not a success

Answer 5

there was still peasant unrest in 1917

Question 6

how long were the redemption payments paid for?

Answer 6

49 years, at 6% interest per year

Question 7

when were land captains introduced?

Answer 7

1889

Question 8

when was the peasant land bank set up?

Answer 8

1883

Question 9

what did the peasant land bank allow peasants to do?

Answer 9

borrow money cheaply to buy land

Question 10

what did the tsar blame the 1891 famine on?

Answer 10

poor farming technique used by the peasants

Question 11

when was the unfair salt tax abolished?

Answer 11

1881

Question 12

when was the unfair poll tax abolished?

Answer 12

1886

Question 13

when did stolypin introduce a series of land reforms?

Answer 13

1905-1917 after the unrest following the 1905 revolution

Question 14

what happened to unused land? (nicholas II)

Answer 14

it was made available to buy through thee peasant land bank

Question 15

what did it become easier to do and what did stolypin hope this would do?

Answer 15

merge small plots of land together, and he hoped this would create smaller conservative farms

Question 16

how many peasants left the countryside for the cities between 1894-1914?

Answer 16

2 million

Question 17

what did the peasant unrest of october 1917 under the provisional government consist of?

Answer 17

manor houses being looted and burnt down
peasants occupied private land and claimed it
landowners were attacked and killed

Question 18

after the july days (under lenin), what did the Bolsheviks claim

Answer 18

that they were a party for the peasants and the workers

Question 19

what did the decree on land in November do?

Answer 19

abolish private property

Question 20

what did the peasants expect from the decree on land under lenin?

Answer 20

they were expecting to receive land, but they didn’t, the land now belonged to the state

Question 21

what did the cheka do during the civil war?

Answer 21

they enforced grain requisitioning

Question 22

what kinds of peasants did the cheka execute?

Answer 22

kulaks

Question 23

what were kulaks blamed for?

Answer 23

food shortages, the idea was that they were hoarding food to sell it when the price was right

Question 24

what were peasants forcible made to do?

Answer 24

conscript to the red army

Question 25

under the NEP, what happened regarding kulaks?

Answer 25

the laws were relaxed but they were still banned from sending their children to school

Question 26

by 1930, how many peasants lived on collectivised farms?

Answer 26

58%

Question 27

when did stalin's collectivisation program start?

Answer 27

November 1929

Question 28

how did peasants resist collectivisation

Answer 28

by killing their animals

Question 28

in nomadic kazakhstan how many people did the process of collectivisation kill?

Answer 28

75%

Question 29

by 1937 how many peasants were living on collectivised farms?

Answer 29

93%

Question 30

by 1941 hhow many peasants lived on collectivised farms?

Answer 30

98%

Question 31

when was the mir abolished?

Answer 31

1930

Question 32

how many were killed in the 1932-34 famine?

Answer 32

7 million

Question 33

what did khrushchev want to increase?

Answer 33

production on state farms

Question 34

when were there poor harvests under Khrushchev?

Answer 34

1962-63

Question 35

when were the Novocherkassk food riots, and how mamy were killed?

Answer 35

1963, 23 killed

Question 36

what was the aim of the virgin land campaign?

Answer 36

to use more land in wheat production

Question 37

how did the amount of land used in wheat production change?

Answer 37

in 1950 it was 96 million acres, and by 1964, it was 165 million

Question 38

what did the virgin land campaign actually do?

Answer 38

it cut corners and led to soil erosion in many areas