War 3 Flashcards
economic (30 cards)
what became a priority after the Crimean war?
building railways. 2194 miles of track were built in 1862, and by 1878it was 13979
how much did it cost to build railways between 1861 to 1878?
2 billion roubles
which businessmen invest in Russia?
JJ.Hughes, he developped the new Russian coal, iron and railmakking company
Ludwig Loop developped the Russian textiles industry
the Nobel brothers invest in oil rigs in Baku
how much was the Russian economy growing per year under Reutern
6%
what did the Russo-Turkish war demonstrate about the economy?
that Russian industry wasn’t growing as the economy was able to handle the strains of war
what increased regarding the trans Siberian railway during the Russo-Japanese war? why?
construction, because there were issues getting the troops to the far east
whoc worked together on the economy after the Russo-Japanese war?
Witte and Stolypin
how much did the Russian economy grow between 1909-1913 after the 1905 revolution?
3.5%
what did Stolypin attempt to do after the 1905 revolution?
improve the lives of peasants in the countryside by introducing economic reforms
what was made available for peasants to buy?
unused land through the peasant land bank
how much money did Russia spend on WW1 in 1913?
1.5 billion roubles
how much did WW1 cost in 1916?
3 billion roubles
how much did prices rise due to WW1 between 1914-1917?
400%
in 1915what did the Stavka blame lack of Russian progress in the war on? what did this do to factories?
a shell crisis. this put more pressure on factories to produce more shells so workers had to work harder
when was state capitalism introduced after Russian revolution?
1917, the SEC couldn’t cope with the demands of all the nationalised businesses
what did the November 1917 decree on land do after Russian revolution?
abolish private property, land in the countryside was to be given to peasants
what did the December 1917 formation of the Supreme economic council after Russian revolution state?
that all businesses that employed 10 or more workers were nationalised without compensation. There were 30,000 nationalised businesses by 1920, which the SEC struggles to manage
after the Russian revolution, what did the November 1918 decree on workers control do?
give workers the power to run factories
what did the Russian civil war do to the economy?
it destroyed it
how much did coal production change due to the civil war?
29 million tonnes in 1913 and 8.9 million tonnes in 1921
how did the value of the rouble change after the civil war?
in 1920, it was worth 1% of what it had in 1917
due to the civil war, how were wages paid? when, what percentage of wages?
in 1921, 90% of wages were paid in kind
what was the fourth five year plan focused on after WW2?
reconstruction program, the aim was to get the Soviet economy at the levels it was before the war
after WW2, how many POW’s were used as conscripted labour?
4 million
