Economy and society 7 Flashcards
working conditions (20 cards)
how long was the working day under Alexander II?
12-15 hours
when did Alexander III set up the factory inspectorate?
1882
what did the 1882 factory inspectorate ban?
it banned children under the age of 12 from working in factories, but employers still used child labour
what was the working day under Nicholas II?
11 hours, but by 1914 it was down to 9-10
when was the workers insurance scheme set up
1912
what did the workers insurance scheme do?
payed for sickness
when was the lena goldfields massacre?
17th April 1912
what caused the lena goldfields massacre?
workers at a gold mine protesting the harsh working conditions including the distribution of rotten meat
how many people died at the lena goldfields massacre?
270 killed, and 250 wounded
how did the provisional government try and improve working conditions?
it reduced working day to 8 hours,
what prevented the provisional governments reforms from being a success?
they lacked the strength to enforce them, and many people turned to the Bolsheviks
what were lenin’s conditions under the NEP?
-some relief and better conditions in urban areas
-more freedom to switch jobs
-trade unions existed but were state controlled
how much was a fine that was used to punicsh wrongdoings?
10% of wages
in 1932 (under Stalin) how long was the working day?
12 hours
during the first five year plan, what happened to wages?
they fell by 50%
what kind of system did Stalin introduce?
a piece-rate system, where you are paid based on what you produce in a day
which movement encouraged hard work?
stakhanovite movement
what increased relating to the workers under Stalin?
worker suicide rates
how long was the working day under Khrushchev by 1958?
8 hours
what did Khrushchev introduce for the workers?
paid holidays and pensions
