Emergency Preparedness

Question 1

What emergencies require first aid or life-saving measures?

Answer 1

• choking
• allergic reactions
• trauma
• cardiac failure
• respiratory failure

Question 2

What are eternal and environmental emergencies?

Answer 2

• weather related
• tornadoes
• hurricanes
• fires

Question 3

What are human related emergencies?

Answer 3

threats

Question 4

What is a medical emergency?

Answer 4

any situation in which a person suddenly becomes ill or sustains an injury that requires immediate help by a healthcare professional

Question 5

What is first aid?

Answer 5

immediate care given to someone who is injured or suddenly becomes ill
- before complete medical care can be obtained

Question 6

What is the MAs role during emergencies?

Answer 6

• recognize life-threatening condition
• obtain chief complaint
• collect vital signs
• assist provider

Question 7

What is in a crash cart?

Answer 7

• basic drugs
• wound care supplies

Question 8

What are first-aid equipment?

Answer 8

• AED
• CPR supplies

Question 9

What does CAB mean?

Answer 9

circulation, airway, breathing

Question 10

What are accidental injuries?

Answer 10

• bites/stings
• burns
• choking
• eye/ear injuries
• falls, fractures, dislocations
• sprains, strains
• head injuries
• wounds

Question 11

What is an abrasion?

Answer 11

• scrape or rub
• superficial wound usually knee or elbow
• apply pressure if bleeding
• clean and flush debris
• apply bandage

Question 12

What is an incision?

Answer 12

• smooth/clean cut
• open injury caused by sharp object/straight cut
• profuse bleeding may occur

Question 13

What do you do when an incision starts bleeding?

Answer 13

• apply pressure until bleeding stops
• clean gently
• apply bandage

Question 14

What is a laceration?

Answer 14

• jagged open injury
• profuse bleeding may occur

Question 15

What is a puncture?

Answer 15

• open wound caused by an object that delivers a stab
• usually small with limited bleeding

Question 16

What is a sterile dressing?

Answer 16

used next to the wound

Question 17

What is non-sterile dressing?

Answer 17

bandage (used to cover dressings)

Question 18

What is contusion?

Answer 18

• closed injury (bruise)
• caused by blunt-force trauma

Question 19

How can you heal contusions?

Answer 19

• apply cold pack/ice
• elevate limbs
• check for swelling

Question 20

What is a concussion?

Answer 20

• closed injury
• head trauma
• brain was jolted or shaken

Question 21

What are procedures for concussion?

Answer 21

• measure vital signs
• observe patient
• requires provider assessment and possible radiology testing

Question 22

What is the best way to remove a dressing that is stuck to a wound?

Answer 22

soak dressing in sterile saline prior to removal

Question 23

What is a strain?

Answer 23

overstretching of a muscle or tendon

Question 24

How do you heal a strain and sprain?

Answer 24

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

Question 25

What is a sprain?

Answer 25

tearing of a tendon, ligament, or cartilage of a joint

Question 26

What is a fracture?

Answer 26

break in bone

Question 27

What is complete fracture?

Answer 27

break through entire bone

Question 28

What is incomplete fracture?

Answer 28

break through pat of the bone

Question 29

What is comminuted fracture?

Answer 29

bone has broken into several fragments

Question 30

What is greenstick fracture?

Answer 30

bone is bent and only one side is fractured

Question 31

What is closed fracture?

Answer 31

no break in skin

Question 32

What is open fracture?

Answer 32

break in skin

Question 33

Which fracture is only in children?

Answer 33

greenstick fracture

Question 34

What is anaphylaxis?

Answer 34

severe allergic reaction - can result in shock - extreme emergency

Question 35

What is the procedure for anaphylaxis?

Answer 35

- provide BLS - administer oxygen - administer epinephrine - call 911

Question 36

What is acute abdominal pain?

Answer 36

- general symptom - can be life-threatening

Question 37

What are the procedures for acute abdominal pain?

Answer 37

- obtain detailed CC - nothing by mouth - may need emesis basin - keep patient warm - don't apply heat to abdomen - monitor vital signs and observe for shock

Question 38

What type of emergency is bleeding?

Answer 38

- internal/external - arterial bleeding medical crisis

Question 39

What is the procedure for bleeding?

Answer 39

- apply pressure - elevate site - apply ice - limit movement - monitor vital signs, observe for shock

Question 40

What is the procedure for eye/ear injuries?

Answer 40

- limit contact if possible - cover eye/ear - administer irrigations based on provider direction

Question 41

What is the procedure for burns?

Answer 41

- remove patient from source - flush with cold water - do not remove clothing unless chemical burn - monitor vital signs and observe for shock - rule of nines!

Question 42

What is a first degree burn?

Answer 42

first layer of tissue - sunburn

Question 43

What is second degree burn?

Answer 43

subcutaneous tissue - will blister

Question 44

What is third degree burn?

Answer 44

- involves muscle, possibly bone - appears dry and charred

Question 45

What is a seizure?

Answer 45

generalized (grand mal) to short (petit mal) - can result from trauma

Question 46

What is the procedure for seizures?

Answer 46

- assist patient to lying position - protect from injury - tilt head to side - stay with patient and observe - call 911 if it continues

Question 47

What is a stoke?

Answer 47

results from hypoxia - from blood clot or rupture of blood vessel - patient experiences weakness, paralysis - difficulty speaking

Question 48

What is the procedure for stroke?

Answer 48

- protect patient (nothing by mouth) - obtain vital signs - administer oxygen - call 911

Question 49

What is the CPR rate?

Answer 49

100-120 chest compressions per minute - 30 compressions and 2 breaths