Skeletal and Muscular Systems Flashcards
Where are blood cells created? What’s the process called?
red bone marrow
- hematopoiesis
What is the function of bones?
- provides structure and support
- give shape to body parts
- protects soft body structures
- functions in body movement
- attachment points for muscles
- stores calcium
How many bones make up the adult human skeleton?
206 bones
What is the axial skeleton made of? How many bones?
skull, vertebrae, ribs
- 80 bones
What is part of the appendicular skeleton? How many bones?”
arms, legs, pelvic girdle
- 126 bones
What are ligaments?
attaches bone to bone for joint stability
What is epiphysis?
end part of a long bone
What is diaphysis?
shaft or central part of a long bone
What is medullary cavity?
hollow part of bone that contains bone marrroww
What are examples of long bones?
- femur
- humerus
- tibia
- fibula
- ulna
- radius
What are short bones? Where are they found? Examples?
typically small and round
- wrists and ankles
- carpals, tarsals
What are flat bones? Where are they found?
- surface area is flat/curved
- skull and ribs
What are irregular bones? Where are they found?
- shape related to function
- vertebrae, pelvis
What are the 2 bones types in the skull?
cranial and facial
What are examples of facial bones?
- mandible: lower jaw
- maxilla: upper jaw
- zygomatic: cheekbone
What are the bones in the spinal column?
- cervical vertebrae: neck
- thoracic vertebrae: chest
- lumbar vertebrae: low back
- sacrum
- coccyx: tailbone
What is part of the rib cage?
- sternum: breastplate
- ribs: attached to sternum
What is part of the shoulders?
- clavicles: collar bones
- scapulae: shoulder blade
What is part of the arm bones?
- humerus
- radius
- ulna
What is part of the hand?
- carpals
- metacarpals
- phalanges
What is part of the bones of the leg?
- femur
- patella
- tibia
- fibula
What is part of the hip and pelvis?
- ilium
- sacrum
- ischium
- pubis
- coccyx
What are the bones of the foot?
- tarsals
- metatarsals
- phalanges
What are muscles responsible for? Give an example for voluntary and involuntary?
movement
- voluntary: walking
- involuntary: digestion
