Intro to Pharmacology

Question 1

What is pharmacology?

Answer 1

study of medications
- how they act on the body their classifications and properties

Question 2

What are the main sources of drugs/

Answer 2

• plants
• animals (hormones)
• minerals
• bacteria and fungi
• synthetic

Question 3

What is pharmacokinetics?

Answer 3

study of how medications move through the body

Question 4

What is absorption?

Answer 4

• body converts medication into a form the body can use
• moves medications into the bloodstream

Question 5

How are oral medications absorbed?

Answer 5

in the stomach or intestines

Question 6

How are IV and injectable medications absorbed?

Answer 6

it goes directly into bloodstream

Question 7

What is distribution?

Answer 7

transportation of medication throughout the body

Question 8

What are barriers to distribution?

Answer 8

blood-brain barrier protects brain from dangerous chemicals

Question 9

What is metabolism?

Answer 9

changes active forms into metabolites for excretion

Question 10

What is the primary organ of metabolism?

Answer 10

liver

Question 11

What is excretion?

Answer 11

removal of medications from the body

Question 12

What is the primary organ for excretion?

Answer 12

kidneys

Question 13

What are the 4 parts of pharmacokinetics?

Answer 13

absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion

Question 14

What is acute therapy?

Answer 14

improve life-threatening or serious condition
- nitroglycerin

Question 15

What is maintenance therapy?

Answer 15

drug prescribed to maintain a condition of health
- cholesterol lowering drugs

Question 16

What is palliative therapy?

Answer 16

prescribed to reduce the severity of a condition or its accompanying pain
- doesn’t treat or cute the disease

Question 17

What is prophylactic therapy?

Answer 17

prescribed to prevent a disease or condition
- antibiotics before surgery

Question 18

What is replacement therapy?

Answer 18

prescribed to provide chemicals missing in a patient
- hormones/insulin

Question 19

What is supplemental therapy?

Answer 19

drug or nutrients prescribed to avoid deficiency

Question 20

What is the drug name for ibuprofen?

Answer 20

Motrin

Question 21

What name do you put on a prescription?

Answer 21

trade name

Question 22

What do analgesics do? Give an example.

Answer 22

relieves mild to severe pain
- acetaminophen

Question 23

What do anti-inflammatory medications do? Give an example.

Answer 23

reduces inflammation
- ibuprogen
- naproxen

Question 24

What do antibiotics do? Give an example.

Answer 24

treats bacterial infections
- amoxicillin
- ciprofloxacin

Question 25

What do anticoagulants do? Give an example.

Answer 25

delay blood clotting - warfarin - heparin

Question 26

What do antidepressants do? Give an example.

Answer 26

relieves depression - doxepin - fluoxetine

Question 27

What do antiemetics do? Give an example.

Answer 27

reduces nausea, vomiting - metaclopramide

Question 28

What do antifungals do? Give an example.

Answer 28

kills fungi - fluconazole - nystatin - miconazole

Question 29

What do antimigraine drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 29

relieves migraines - topiramate

Question 30

What do antihistamines do? Give an example.

Answer 30

relieves allergies - loratadine

Question 31

What do antihypertensive drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 31

lowers blood pressure - lisinopril - metoprolol

Question 32

What do antilipemic drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 32

lowers cholesterol - atorvastatin - fenofibrate

Question 33

What do antipyretics do? Give an example.

Answer 33

reduces fever - ibuprofen - ASA

Question 34

What do antitussive/expectorant drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 34

controls cough, eliminates mucus - dextromethorphan

Question 35

What do antiviral drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 35

Kills viruses - acyclovir - interferon

Question 36

What do antacids do? Give an example.

Answer 36

neutralize stomach acid - omeprazole

Question 37

What do anticholinergic drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 37

reduces bronchospasm - ipratropium

Question 38

What do anticonvulsants do? Give an example.

Answer 38

prevents/controls seizure - clonazepam - phenytoin - gabapentin

Question 39

What do antidiarrheal drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 39

reduce diarrhea - bismuth - loperamide

Question 40

What do anti-osteopososis drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 40

improves bone density - alendronate - calcitonin

Question 41

What do antipsychotic drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 41

controls psychotic symptoms - quetiapine - risperidone

Question 42

What do antispasmodic/muscle relaxants do? Give an example.

Answer 42

reduces or prevents muscle spasm - cyclobenzaprine - methocarbamol

Question 43

What do anti anxiety drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 43

reduces anxiety - clonazepam - diazepam - lorazepam

Question 44

What do CNS stimulants do? Give an example.

Answer 44

reduces hyperactivity - methylphenidate

Question 45

What do contraceptives do? Give an example.

Answer 45

prevents pregnancy - medroxyprogesterone

Question 46

What do bronchodilators do? Give an example.

Answer 46

relaxes airway - albuterol

Question 47

What do decongestants do? Give an example.

Answer 47

relieves nasal congestion - pseudoephedrine

Question 48

What do diuretics do? Give an example.

Answer 48

eliminates excess fluid - furosemide - HCTZ

Question 49

What do hormone replacement drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 49

hormone deficiencies - levothyroxine - insuline

Question 50

What do hypoglycemic drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 50

reduces blood sugar - metformin - glyburide

Question 51

What do sedatives/hypnotic drugs do? Give an example.

Answer 51

induces sleep/relaxation - temazepam - zolpidem

Question 52

What are schedule 1 drugs?

Answer 52

no approved medical use - heroin - LSD

Question 53

What are schedule 2 drugs?

Answer 53

high potential for abuse - morphine - hydrocodone - fentanyl - handwritten rx only, no refills

Question 54

What are schedule 3 drugs?

Answer 54

moderate to low potential for abuse - anabolic steroids - testosterone - refilled up to 5 times in 6 months

Question 55

What are schedule 4 drugs?

Answer 55

low potential for abuse - diazepam - zolpidem - alprazolam - clonazepam - refilled up to 5 times in 6 months, authorized by phone

Question 56

What are schedule 5 drugs?

Answer 56

contain limited quantities of narcotics - antidiarrheal, antitussive, analgesic - refilled up to 5 times in 6 months, authorized by phone

Question 57

Who created the 5 schedules for narcotics?

Answer 57

federal controlled substances act

Question 58

What is the most common drug reference?

Answer 58

physician's desk reference

Question 59

What is the most common contraindication?

Answer 59

allergic reaction to a drug