Emotional and Mental Health

Question 1

What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

Answer 1

A theory that organizes human needs in a pyramid, from basic to advanced.

The levels include physical, safety, social, self-esteem, and self-fulfillment needs.

Question 2

Which level of Maslow’s hierarchy includes food, water, and oxygen?

Answer 2

Physical needs

These are the most basic needs for survival.

Question 3

How can caregivers help meet a patient’s safety and security needs?

Answer 3

1. Prevent falls.
2. Maintain cleanliness.
3. Provide emotional reassurance.

Feeling safe is essential for well-being.

Question 4

List TWO ways to support a patient’s social needs.

Answer 4

1. Encourage social interaction.
2. Assist with group activities.

Social interactions reduces loneliness and promotes emotional well-being.

Social needs help prevent isolation and depression.

Question 5

True or False:

A patient must meet self-fulfillment needs before meeting physical needs.

Answer 5

False

Lower-level needs must be met before advancing to higher needs.

Question 6

Define:

emotional support

Answer 6

Providing comfort, encouragement, and reassurance.

Emotional support can be through active listening, offering reassurance, and showing empathy.

It can improve mental well-being and overall health.

Question 7

Define:

active listening

Answer 7

Fully concentrating on what the patient is saying.

Active listening builds trust and understanding.

Question 8

List TWO common mood changes in elderly patients.

Answer 8

1. Depression
2. Anxiety

These can be related to life changes or health issues.

Question 9

Which interventions can help a patient struggling with anxiety?

Answer 9

1. Deep breathing exercises.
2. Reducing triggers.
3. Reassurance.

Anxiety can be managed with coping strategies.

Emotional interventions improve mental and emotional well-being promoting coping and recovery.

Question 10

How can a caregiver assist a patient experiencing grief?

Answer 10

1. Acknowledge emotions.
2. Provide comfort.
3. Listen.

Grief is a normal process that takes time.

Question 11

True or False:

Dementia patients may experience frequent mood swings.

Answer 11

True

Cognitive decline can affect emotional regulation.

Question 12

Define:

a defense mechanism

Answer 12

A psychological strategy used to cope with stress or anxiety.

Defense mechanisms can be healthy or unhealthy.

They include: Denial, projection, and withdrawal.

Question 13

Define:

denial

Answer 13

Refusing to accept reality.

Denial can prevent emotional overwhelm but may delay acceptance.

Question 14

How does withdrawal manifest in patients?

Answer 14

Avoiding social interactions or activities.

Withdrawal may indicate depression or anxiety.

Question 15

What is projection in psychological defense?

Answer 15

Attributing one’s feelings to another person.

Often used unconsciously to avoid personal distress.

Question 16

Why is self-esteem important in patient care?

Answer 16

It affects confidence and overall well-being.

Positive reinforcement can improve self-image.

Self-esteem needs involve feeling valued and respected by others.

Question 17

How can caregivers assist a patient struggling with self-fulfillment?

Answer 17

• Support hobbies.
• Encourage goal setting.

Finding purpose enhances quality of life.

Question 18

List THREE emotions commonly experienced by terminally ill patients.

Answer 18

1. Fear
2. Anger
3. Sadness

End-of-life care includes emotional support.

Question 19

What should a caregiver do if a patient expresses feelings of sadness?

Answer 19

Encourage the patient to talk and offer support.

Ignoring emotions can lead to further distress.

Question 20

True or False:

Depression is a normal part of aging that should not be treated.

Answer 20

False

Depression affects both mental and physical health and should be treated regardless of age.

It may be characterized by fatigue and a loss of interest in activities.

Question 21

Define:

anxiety disorder

Answer 21

A condition characterized by excessive worry and fear.

Anxiety disorders can interfere with daily life.

Question 22

What is post-traumatic stress disorder?

(PTSD)

Answer 22

A mental health condition caused by past trauma.

PTSD can lead to flashbacks, nightmares, and anxiety.

Question 23

How should a caregiver respond to a patient with panic attacks?

Answer 23

1. Stay calm.
2. Provide reassurance.
3. Encourage deep breathing.

A calm environment helps reduce anxiety.

Question 24

What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?

(OCD)

Answer 24

A disorder involving repetitive thoughts and behaviors.

OCD can interfere with daily activities.

Question 25

What condition might a patient be experiencing if they feel the **need to count everything** to alleviate anxiety?

Answer 25

Obsessive-compulsive disorder | (**OCD**) ## Footnote It involves compulsive behaviors, such as counting, to manage obsessive thoughts.

Question 26

How can caregivers support a patient with **memory loss**?

Answer 26

1. Use reminders. 1. Maintain routine. 1. Provide reassurance. ## Footnote Memory loss can cause frustration and confusion.

Question 27

List TWO signs of **emotional distress** in patients.

Answer 27

1. Withdrawal from activities. 1. Irritability. ## Footnote Recognizing distress helps provide timely support.

Question 28

How can a caregiver encourage a **positive outlook**?

Answer 28

1. Use positive language. 1. Highlight achievements. ## Footnote Optimism can improve mental resilience.

Question 29

What is **validation** therapy?

Answer 29

A method of **acknowledging** a patient’s emotions and experiences. ## Footnote Often used for dementia patients to reduce frustration.

Question 30

How does **lack of sleep** impact emotional health?

Answer 30

**It increases**: 1. Irritability 1. Stress 1. Anxiety ## Footnote Good sleep supports overall mental well-being.

Question 31

What should a caregiver do if a patient has a **sudden outburst**?

Answer 31

1. Stay calm. 1. Assess the cause. 1. Offer reassurance. ## Footnote Emotional outbursts may signal unmet needs.

Question 32

How can caregivers help **prevent** feelings of **isolation**?

Answer 32

* Encourage group activities. * Facilitate socialization. ## Footnote Feeling connected improves emotional health.

Question 33

Why is **touch important** for emotional well-being?

Answer 33

It provides **comfort** and **reassurance**. ## Footnote A gentle touch can reduce anxiety and loneliness.

Question 34

How should caregivers approach **difficult conversations** about illness?

Answer 34

* Speak honestly. * Listen actively. * Provide support. ## Footnote Open communication helps patients process emotions.

Question 35

What is the importance of **therapeutic activities**?

Answer 35

1. Engage patients. 1. Improve mental health. ## Footnote Activities like music and art therapy are beneficial.

Question 36

List THREE signs of **emotional abuse** in patients.

Answer 36

1. Withdrawal. 1. Fearfulness. 1. Sudden mood changes. ## Footnote Emotional abuse should be reported immediately.

Question 37

# Define: **patient-centered** care

Answer 37

An approach that **respects** a patient’s individual **needs and preferences**. ## Footnote Personalized care improves emotional well-being. This approach fosters independence and dignity.

Question 38

How can a caregiver help a patient **experiencing anger**?

Answer 38

* Stay calm. * Listen. * Provide a safe space. ## Footnote Anger may be an expression of frustration or fear.

Question 39

How should a caregiver handle a patient **experiencing paranoia**?

Answer 39

* Reassure them. * Avoid arguing. * Maintain a calm tone. ## Footnote Paranoia may be a symptom of mental illness or dementia.

Question 40

Why is **maintaining routine** important for mental health?

Answer 40

It reduces **anxiety** and promotes **stability**. ## Footnote A predictable routine helps patients feel secure.

Question 41

How can **humor/laughter** benefit emotional health?

Answer 41

* Reduces stress. * Improves mood. * Promotes social bonding. ## Footnote Humor and laughter have therapeutic effects and they can be a powerful coping mechanisms.

Question 42

What is **resilience** in mental health?

Answer 42

The **ability to recover** from stress or adversity. ## Footnote Resilience helps individuals cope with challenges.

Question 43

How can **relaxation techniques** benefit patients?

Answer 43

They **reduce** stress, anxiety, and tension. ## Footnote Techniques include deep breathing and meditation.

Question 44

How does **physical exercise** impact mental health?

Answer 44

* Boosts mood. * Reduces anxiety. * Reduces depression. ## Footnote Exercise releases endorphins, which improve well-being.