end exam 1

Question 1

who regulates the amount of drugs in feedstuff

Answer 1

FDA

Question 2

what are the regulations for drugs

Answer 2

the degree of potential risk to humans

Question 3

is feed most often mixed on the farm or purchased commercially

Answer 3

manufactured on the farm

Question 4

what is the order of feedstuff to be mixed

Answer 4

feedstuff that makes up majority should be mixed first
slowly add wet ingredients to avoid clumping
add any ingredient that makes up less than 2.5% of the ration

Question 5

define premix

Answer 5

allows for accurate measuring and correct amount of nutrients

Question 6

define pelleting

Answer 6

forcing mixed feed through a pellet die

Question 7

what are the four advantages of pelleting

Answer 7

increases bulk density
increases feed intake
prevents sorting
reduces dust

Question 8

what is the main concern of pelleting

Answer 8

the quality

Question 9

what is feed preconditioned with before pelleting

Answer 9

steam

Question 10

what feedstuff has good functional property? bad?

Answer 10

wheat (gluten)
corn, sorghum, rice and oats

Question 11

what must be added to make up for poor functional properties

Answer 11

pellet binders

Question 12

define pellet binders

Answer 12

a gelatin-like, non-nutritive substance

Question 13

define feed intake

Answer 13

make sure animals are eating the correct amount of nutrients

Question 14

what is the equation for feed efficiency

Answer 14

product output / feed input

Question 15

what shows feed efficinecy is effective

Answer 15

it is close to 1

Question 16

what is the feed efficiency of chickens:
Swine:
Cattle

Answer 16

2:1
3:1
8:1

Question 17

what is the equation for predicting feed intake

Answer 17

daily rations - not eaten

Question 18

what are properties that may affect feed intake

Answer 18

palatability, energy, protein/amino acid concentration, and forage composition

Question 19

what are other factors that may affect feed intake

Answer 19

temperature, pregnancy, conditioning, body size, smell, illness and fatigue

Question 20

what makes up palatability

Answer 20

taste, olfaction, and texture

Question 21

define feed preference test

Answer 21

one animal is fed 2 foods and whichever it eats most of is the most preferred food

Question 22

describe dissension feedback

Answer 22

relies on stretch receptors in the stomach to stop the brain from eating more

Question 23

describe low energy diets

Answer 23

requires more food to fill up the stomach, so is often used for weight loss

Question 24

describe chemostatic feedback

Answer 24

signals to satiety centers that animal has enough energy and can stop eating
glucose, VFAs

Question 25

what does energy concentration determine

Answer 25

voluntary feed intake

Question 26

what do NDFs do for forage composition

Answer 26

measures the true fiber in the stomach

Question 27

what does high NDF cause

Answer 27

more time in the rumen for digestion

Question 28

what does low NDF cause

Answer 28

more fibers feedstuff

Question 29

what layers does the rumen contain

Answer 29

gas forage mat and grain/yesterdays feed

Question 30

describe what feed intake in monogastrics can be affected by

Answer 30

essential amino acids

Question 31

describe what feed intake in ruminants can be affected by

Answer 31

the bypass protein and nitrogen

Question 32

describe the bypass protein

Answer 32

does not go through microbial digestion

Question 33

to produce more, what do animals need to do

Answer 33

eat more

Question 34

define comfort zone

Answer 34

doing nothing extra to maintain body temp; metabolic rate is at a minimum

Question 35

define heat increment

Answer 35

extra heat produced due to metabolism of a nutrient

Question 36

what has the highest heat increment and why?

Answer 36

metabolism, nitrogen

Question 37

what does more protein cause

Answer 37

more heat production

Question 38

what does feed intake decrease during late digestion?

Answer 38

because there is less room in the stomach

Question 39

why does feed intake increase during peak lactation?

Answer 39

to continuously produce milk

Question 40

define conditioning

Answer 40

what experience an animal has with certain food

Question 41

define neophobia

Answer 41

fear of new foods

Question 42

define aversive conditioning

Answer 42

training animals not to eat certain foods

Question 43

higher metabolic rate=?

Answer 43

higher feed intake and energy

Question 44

metabolic body size=

Answer 44

BW^0.75

Question 45

how can smell affect feeding

Answer 45

certain odors, whether from the food or not, may cause food to become unpalatable to an animal

Question 46

how can fatigue affect feeding

Answer 46

animals may become fatigued in seeking, ingesting, chewing, and ruminating feed