Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANS 328- Nutrition > quiz 10 (final quiz!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!) > Flashcards

quiz 10 (final quiz!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!) Flashcards

1
Q

define dynamic protein turnover

A

continual degradation and resynthesizing of bodily proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what can amino acids be used for

A

protein synthesis, oxidation, or non-protein metabolites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

is dynamic protein turnover accurate

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe protein synthesis

A

DNA is transcribed to RNA
RNA is translated to protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define intracellular proteases

A

breaks down proteins marked for degradation, which occurs in all cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where does amino acid oxidation occur

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

can amino acids be completely broken down

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

define ketogenic. what aminos are ketogenic?

A

oxidized to acetyl CoA, ketone bodies, or FA synthesis
lysine and leucine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

define glycogenic. what aminos are glycogenic?

A

oxidized to glycolytic or CAC intermediates
Glycine, serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, valine, methionine, histidine, and arginine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what amino acids are both keto and glyco

A

isoleucine phenylalanine lyrosine and tryptophan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describe ammonia

A

pulled off amino acid and excreted through fish gills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe urea

A

safer nitrogen product secreted by mammals
stored with water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe uric acid

A

secreted by birds
entire molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe nitric oxide

A

synthesized from arginine
increased blood flow and helps with infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe creatine

A

synthesized from arginine
found in muscle, stores ATP, and binds with phosphate to create ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe choline

A

synthesized from serine
needed for muscle contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

describe histamine

A

synthesized from histidine
increased membrane permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

describe tourine

A

synthesized from cysteine
not found in cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

describe glutathione

A

synthesized from cysteine
antioxidant properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

describe CoA

A

synthesized from cysteine
oxidizes fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

describe thyroid hormone

A

synthesized from tyrosine
stimulates metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

describe NAD

A

synthesized from tryptophan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

describe melatonin

A

synthesized from tryptophan
helps with sleeping and circadian rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

describe carnitine

A

synthesized from lysine
transports FAs for B-oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

how much protein is needed for protein sources

A

20%+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

define oilseed meals

A

byproducts of vegetable oil production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what does less energy in feedstuff allow for

A

more protien

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what are the 3 deleterious factors of soybean meal

A

protease inhibitors
lectins
goitrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

define protease inhibitors

A

stops protein digestion and causes enlarged pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

define lectins

A

binds to carbs on brush boarder which causes digestive disturbances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

define goitrogens

A

inhibits thyroid hormone production
causes goiter (enlarged thyroid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is the CP of soybean meal

A

44-50%

33
Q

what animal is cottonseed meal most often fed to

A

ruminants

34
Q

what does cottonseed meal cause

A

gossypol

35
Q

define gossypol

A

binds to iron, reduces feed intake and growth, damages heart, lungs, and liver, causes anemia and green egg yolks

36
Q

describe cyclopropene FAs

A

inhibit desaturase enzymes and causes hard body fat

37
Q

what are animal protein sources

A

byproducts from the slaughter house, like meat, bone and blood meal

38
Q

what does animal protein sources contain

A

B12

39
Q

what are major concerns with animal protein sources

A

E.coli and salmonella

40
Q

define nonprotein nitrogen

A

converted to ammonia in rumen

41
Q

what can a toxic amount of NPN cause

A

neurological disorders, like labored breathing, slobbering, and incoordination

42
Q

define biuret

A

1-2 urea condensed together, allowing for a more slow conversion to ammonia

43
Q

how long must ruminants be fed biuret before they are able to digest it

A

6 weeks

44
Q

define dry poultry waste

A

manure and liter from poultry industry

45
Q

why is DPW fed to ruminants

A

because birds secrete uric acid, which is broken down by the rumen

46
Q

define supplement

A

organic compound required in small doses in the diet

47
Q

what is vitamin A

A

a biological activity of retinol

48
Q

what are fat soluble vitamins? what are they?

A

found in lipids/liver
A D E K

49
Q

what are H2O soluble vitamins? what are they

A

move through body and exit through urine
B C

50
Q

what are the functions of Vit A

A

vision
cell proliferation and differentiation
gene transcription

51
Q

what are the deficiencies of Vit A

A

night blindness/blindness
abnormal bone growth
rough hair coat
impaired growth
degeneration of mucous membranes

52
Q

what is Vit A toxicity

A

skeletal malformation
reduced growth
conjunctivitis
reproductive failure

53
Q

what are the 2 forms of Vit D? where do they come from?

A

vit d2- plant material
vit d3- animal material

54
Q

where is Vit D broken down

A

liver and kidneys

55
Q

what are the functions of VitD

A

increase calcium absorption
calcium mobilization from bine

56
Q

what is a Vit D deficiency? explain it

A

demineralizes bones, causing them to soften and bow out

57
Q

describe Vit E

A

prevents lipids in membrane from oxidative damage

58
Q

what are Vit E deficiencies

A

muscular dystrophy
liver necrosis (swine and rat)
fetal reabsorption (rat)

59
Q

describe vit K

A

used for clotting and osterocalcin

60
Q

what is the Vit K deficiency

A

reduced blood clotting ability

61
Q

define B Vits

A

enzyme cofactors in energy metabolism

62
Q

what are the B Vits

A

B1-B3, B5-B7, B9, B12

63
Q

What is B1

A

thiamin

64
Q

what are the functions of thiamin

A

decarboxylation of ketoacids
transketolation

65
Q

what does thiamin deficiency call

A

anorexia
convulsions
paralysis
slow heart rate
subnormal body temp

66
Q

what is vitamin B2

A

riboflavin

67
Q

what are the function of riboflavin

A

flavin moninucleotides
flavin adenine dinucleotide

68
Q

what are riboflavin deficiencies

A

curled toe paralysis
reduced egg production and hatchability
lesions and reduced growth
reproductive failure

69
Q

what is vitamin B3

A

niacin

70
Q

what are the functions of niacin

A

forms NAD and NADP

71
Q

what deficiency is caused by niacin

A

pellagra- dermatitis, dementia, and diahrrea

72
Q

define niacin-tryptophan interrelation

A

tryptophan is concerted to niacin in the body

73
Q

what is vitamin B 5

A

pantothenic acid

74
Q

what are the functions of pantothenic acid

A

coenzyme A synthesis
acyl carrier protein synthesis

75
Q

what are the deficiencies of pantothenic acid

A

reduced growth
dermatitis
goose-stepping (swine)

76
Q

what is Vit B6

A

pyridoxal

77
Q

what is pyridoxal a cofactor for

A

amino transforases
decarboxylase
heme biosyntheses
cysteine synthase
glycogen phosphorylase

78
Q

what are pyridoxal deficiencies

A

convulsions
dermatitis
impaired reproduction

ANS 328- Nutrition (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions