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Continuing Studies > ES: Duero River Valley > Flashcards

ES: Duero River Valley Flashcards

1
Q

Bierzo DO: important moderating features, lay of the land

A
  • Sierra de los Ancares block Atlantic influence
  • River Sil (tributary of the Miño)
  • 450 - 800M, natural amphitheater
  • Alta Bierzo (mountains & valleys), Baja Bierzo (wide flat plain)

Est 1989: Jose Luis Prada, Rafael Perez, Alvaro & Rafael Palacios

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2
Q

% of grapes from stated origin for Bierzo village and paraje wines?

A

100%

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3
Q

Bierzo Climate

A

Moderate continental, elevated rainfall & humidity
* ~27in rain avg
* 2200 sunshine hours, avg

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4
Q

Bierzo soils

A

short answer: slate in the hills, silty loam in the flats

  • Alto Bierzo: quartz, slate
  • Baja Bierzo: deeper clay alluvial/silty loam in the flat lower elevation

Est 1989: Jose Luis Prada, Rafael Perez, Alvaro & Rafael Palacios. Palacios’ were drawn to the Priorat-like schist slopes

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5
Q

Bierzo’s major river? thing that blocks Atlantic winds?

A

Sil River
Sierra de los Ancares/
Cordillera Cantabrica shelters from north

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6
Q

Palacios’ top single vineyard Bierzo

A

Moncerbal
Las Lamas
La Faraona

  • Villa de Corullon is a blend of all the village’s grand cru vineyards
  • up to 1200M, slate slopes
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7
Q

Raul Perez top Bierzo vineyards

A

El Rapolao, La Vitoriana, La Palousa, Las Gundiñas

(villageof Valtuille de Abajo)

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8
Q

Bierzo classifications

A
  1. Vino de Villa: 20% less yields; 100% from site
  2. Vino de Paraje: 25% less; 100% from site
  3. Viña Clasificada: 30% less; can use with approval for Paraje wine labelled as such for at least 5 years
  4. Gran Viña Clasificada: 35% less; Clasificada for at least 5 years first
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9
Q

Waiting period for Bierzo Vino de Paraje to elevate to Viña Clasificada? for Gran Viña?

A

5 years on label between each step in the quality pyramid

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10
Q

Bierzo elevation range?

A

450 to 800M

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11
Q

Spanish equivalent term to lieux dit

A

paraje

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12
Q

What styles of wine are made in Bierzo?

A

White, rosé, red
Vino Clarete: red/white direct to press with 5-10% destemmed in fermentation

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13
Q

Bierzo Blanco grapes (4)

A

Doña Blanca
Godello
Malvasia Riojana
Palomino
*authorized whites for assemblage only

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14
Q

Bierzo Tinto

A

Min. 85% authorized red grapes:
1. Mencía
2. Alicante Bouschet
3. Esaldiña
4. Merenzao
(and/or)

+ Auth whites (Doña Blanca, Godello, Malvasia Riojana, Palomino)

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15
Q

Bierzo producers

A

Descendientes de Jose Palacios
Raul Perez
Losada
del Abad
Aurea
Godelia
Castroventosa

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16
Q

1st DO in Castilla y Leon

A

Rueda DO (1980)
*Ribera del Duero not until 1982

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17
Q

Rueda Blanco DO
- principal varieties
- blenders (4)

A

Min. 50% principals: Sauvignon Blanc, Verdejo

Authorized: Palomino Fino, Viognier, Chardonnay, Viura

*2020 changes added Chard, Viognier & mandated it could be Sauv Blanc OR Verdejo

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18
Q

Rueda producers

A

Rioja guys in Rueda: Marques de Riscal, Marques de Caceres, Cune

Bodegas Protos
Bodegas Naia
Bodegas José Pariente
Bodegas Shaya
Ossian
Campo Eliseo (Lurton x Rolland)

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19
Q

Gran Vino de Rueda
- vine age requirement
- yields
- 1st year in use

A
  • Made from vines that are at least 30 years old
  • yields restricted to 6500kg/ha, no more than 65% can be selected
  • 2020 vintage on
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20
Q

For Rueda Vino de Pueblo, what % must from from said Pueblo?

A

85%

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21
Q

Modern Rueda DO’s heros?

A

Marques de Riscal with consultant Emile Peynaud

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22
Q

Rueda’s red wines - grapes?

A

Principal: Tempranillo
Authorized: Cab Sauv, Merlot, Garnacha Tinta, Syrah
*100% from these grapes

23
Q

Rueda Espumoso Blanco varieties?

A

Min. 75% “principal varieties”
Sauvignon Blanc and/or Verdejo

  • Min 9 months on lees
  • Gran Añada = 36 months on lees
24
Q

Rueda’s historical wine styles

A

Vino de Licor
Rueda Pálido/Dorado
* min 15% ABV
* 100% combined Palomino Fino and/or Verdejo
* Dorado (oxidative): Min. 4 years w/ 2 in wood
* Palido (flor): min. 3 years aged biologically

25
Q

% of grapes from said origin for Rueda Vino de Pueblo wine?

A

min. 85%

(of the 4 with Vi di Villa/Vino de Pueblo designations.. lowest mandate. The rest are 100%)

26
Q

Rueda soils

A

Gravelly with high limestone content

27
Q

Rueda climate

A

Continental
- lots of sun, low rainfall
- some influence from Mediterranean and Atlantic? But Cordillera Cantábrica blocks most of Atlantic influence
- hail, winds and freezing fog are all threats
- up to 50º diurnal shift

28
Q

Rueda Plantings

A

13,500ha total
- 96% devoted to whites
- 87% of vineyard is Verdejo
- 6% is Sauv Blanc

29
Q

Verdejo

A
  • buds/ripens early
  • tends to be drought-resistant
  • highly susceptible to powdery mildew
  • possibly sibling of Godello?
30
Q

Ribera del Duero’s hero

A
  1. Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves
    est Vega Sicilia, 1864. Bordeaux-trained, brought Cab, Merlot, Malbec
  2. Alejandro Fernández: modern renaissance. Condado do Haza/Pesquera - 1970/80’s
31
Q

Ribera del Duero “Cosecha”

A

Cosecha = harvest
* Means the wine doesn’t abide by existing aging specifications but meets or exceeds classification requirements
** Unico uses Cosecha on label

32
Q

Ribera del Duero provinces

A
  1. Valladolid: clay, limestone. Flat. The biggest names are here (Sicilia, Pesquera, Protos,etc)
  2. Burgos: sandier, less limestone. Higher elevation, cooler temps. Lots of producers here too.
  3. Soria: most limestone. 900 - 1000M. Dominio de Atauta
  4. Segovia: only reaches into DO; 2 wineries here: Bodegas Severino Sanz and Bodega Aldekoa. Calcareous clay, sand
33
Q

Tempranillo in Ribera del Duero

A
  • derived from Spanish word for “early”
  • early budding, early ripening - ideal for short growing season in RdB
  • older variety, higher levels of genetic mutation. Biotypes in RdB have adapted to the extremes
34
Q

Ribera del Duero soils

A

Sedimentary
- 35 different types
- mainly sandy, silty-sandy, and clay-sandy
- Layers of limestone/ calcareous outcrops are distinctive features

Short answer: sandy soils that are sometimes mixed with chalk and limestone and sometimes more alluvial

35
Q

Ribera del Duero climate

A

Extreme
Continental
* dry summers, long harsh winters, low rainfall (15 - 19in yr)
* plantings between 700 and 1000M = big diurnal shift
* ~ 2550 sunshine hours/year

36
Q

Ribera del Duero synonyms for Tempranillo

A

Tinto Fino
Tinto del Pais

37
Q

Ribera del Duero Blanco assemblage

A

Added 2019
min. 75% Albilla Mayor

*the pliego mentions Alarije (Pirulés), Pirulé, and Chasselas Doré as blending components?? but I think for vines planted before 1982

38
Q

Ribera del Duero Tinto assemblage
- min % Tempranillo
- authorized blenders (5)

A

Min. 75% Tempranillo (sole recommended grape)

Authorized blenders:
Garnacha
Malbec
Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon
Albillo Mayor

39
Q

Ribera del Duero “Roble”

A

min. 3 months in oak, max 600L capacity (vs 330L max for longer elevage)

40
Q

Ribera del Duero aging requirements for Blanco/Rosado/Clarete styles?

A

Crianza: 18 (6 in wood)
Reserva: 24 (6 in wood)
Gran Reserva: 48 (6 in wood)

max capacity 330L

**same as Rioja

41
Q

Ribera del Duero Tinto aging requirements?

A

Crianza: 2yrs (1yr in wood)
Reserva: 3yrs (1yr in wood)
Gran Reserva: 5yrs (2 in wood)

max. oak capacity 330L

42
Q

Dominant vine training method in Ribera del Duero?

A

En Vaso aka Bush Vine
55% of the region is bush vine. To the west where the land flattens and soils are heavier clay, trellised vines are more common

43
Q

Ribera del Duero elevation

A

700 to 1000M
Most plantings are between 800 - 850

44
Q

Vega Sicilia
- founder
- top wine
- other projects

A

Est 1864, Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves
* introduced BDX varieties to RdB

Reserva Especial: rarest wine. Blend of 3 vintages
* Unico (1915, 1st vintage): ~ 80 - 97 % Tempranillo + Cab, Merlot, Malbec
** lately… 90 - 97% Tempranillo with just a small balance of Cab
More uniform since the 80’s - typically 6yrs in barrel, 4yrs in bottle. Ages in 50% new French & 50% 1-4 yr old Amrican
** Labels “Cosecha”

Macan (Rothschilds, Rioja), Oremus (Tokaj), Pintia (Toro), Valbuena (RdB)

45
Q

Abadia Retuerta

A

Sardon de Duero
* 5 miles from Vega Sicilia but not in the DO
* Valdebellon (Cab), Negralada, Garduña
* Spain’s 23rd DO Pago (2022)

46
Q

Ribera del Duero vintages since 2010

A

EXCELLENT: 2010, 2015, 2019

All others except 2013 were very good.

BAD: 2013 was a cool year with light wines. 2006 was the weakest vintage previous to 2010.

47
Q

Dominio del Pingus

A

Peter Sisseck, Ribera del Duero
1st vintage - 1995

48
Q

Top Ribera del Duero producers

A

Aalto
Mauro
Alion
Pingus
Vega Sicilia
Valdubon

49
Q

100% Tempranillo from Ribera del Duero

A

Pingus
Aalto
Emilio Moro

50
Q

Arlanza DO

A

Castilla y Leon
*similar to RdB - severely continental, clay and sand. Albillo Mayor and Tempranillo-based wines

51
Q

DO Pagos of Castilla y Leon?

A
  1. Urueña
  2. Dehesa Peñalba
  3. Abadía-Retuerta
52
Q

Cigales DO

A

Castilla y Leon
* Pisguera River
* 700-800M; limestone soils
* historically known for rosado/clarete styles

53
Q

Toro DO
- styles
- elevation
- climate
- grapes

A

Castilla y Leon
W/R/R
* 620 - 840M
* CLIMATE: continental, dry, extreme
* REDS: min. 75% Tempranillo OR min 85% Garnacha
* WHITES: Verdejo, Malvasia “Castellana”, MPG, Albillo Real

60% of vines here are ungrafted

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