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Continuing Studies > IT: Northish (Lombardy, Aosta, Liguria, Emilia-Romagna) > Flashcards

IT: Northish (Lombardy, Aosta, Liguria, Emilia-Romagna) Flashcards

1
Q

Valle d’Aosta subzones?

A

West to East –>
Morgex et la Salle (W)
Enfer d’Arvier (R)
Torrette (R)
Nus (R,W)
Chambave (R, W)
Arnad-Montjovet (R)
Donnaz (R)

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2
Q

What is ‘Flétrie’?

A

French word for Passito - Fletrir means withered or wilted

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3
Q

Prie Blanc

A

a grape of Alpine extremeness
* dates to 1691 in Morgex et la Salle & Valais
* mineral, floral wines with good acid, some mountain herb tones
* also known as Bernarde in Switzerland

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4
Q

Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle

A

Prie Blanc’s main house
*westernmost sub, 9 miles from France
*Low pergolas, stone walls keep grapes just warm enough. Extreme diurnal
* Prie Blanc - dry white, spumante/mousseux, VT

Ermes Pavese, Cave Mont Blanc are main producers

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5
Q

Enfer d’Arvier

A

Valle d’Aosta subzone; 5ha
- RED: min. 85% Petit Rouge
- intense landscape limits viticulture; intense heat of the season is the namesake
- Cooperative de l’Enfer processes most of the region output - Danilo Thomas is the one producer of note

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6
Q

Torrette

A

Largest Valle d’Aosta subzone
* Reds only - min. 70% Petit Rouge

Grosjean, Ottin, and Chateau Feuillat

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7
Q

Nus

A

Valle d’Aosta subzone
* RED wines: min. 40% Vien de Nus and min 30% Petit Rouge
*WHITE WINES 100% Malvoisie in dry or passito styles

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8
Q

Chambave

A

One of the more easterly subzones of the Valle d’Aosta -
* WHITE 100% Moscato Bianco
* REDS min. of 70% Petit Rouge

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9
Q

Arnad-Montjovet

A

Valle d’Aosta subzone
REDS: min 70% Picotener/Picotendro

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10
Q

Donnaz

A

The most easterly subzone of the Valle d’Aosta

  • REDS min. 85% Picoutener. A rare example of Nebbiolo grown on granite.
  • has longest aging requirement - most other sub zones are ~ 5 or 8 months, Donnaz is 24 months total w 10 in wood for normale…
    30 and 12 for superiore.
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11
Q

Nebbiolo in the Valle d’Aosta

A

Picontendro/Picoutener
Arnad-Montjovet
Donnaz

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12
Q

What parallel runs across the Valle d’Aosta?

A

45th

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13
Q

Valle d’Aosta DOC
- river
- mountains
- vine training
- most planted & other grapes

A

460ish ha under vine. 45 miles long. Located on 45th parallel
RIVER: Dora Baltea
MOUNTAINS: Graian Alps
VINE TRAINING: pergola - lower in west to trap heat, higher in east for ventilation
MOST PLANTED RED: Petite Rouge
Follows the 85% varietal rule

Petite Arvine, Fumin, Cornalin (Swiss Humagne Rouge), Gamay, Pinot

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14
Q

Name of the pass that connects Valle d’Aosta to the Valais?

A

St Bernarde Pass

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15
Q

What are Liguria’s 2 most important red grapes?

A

Rossesse aka Tibouren (most planted red @ 12% acreage)
Ormeasca aka Dolcetto

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16
Q

Sciacchetrà vs. Sciactrà

A

1) a sweet passitio specialty from Cinque Terre DOC (Min. 80% Albarola + Vermentino + Bosco)

2) Ormeasca-based rosé from Pornassia DOC

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17
Q

Colli di Luni DOC

A

Shared between Liguria and Tuscany
* Vermentino, Albarola, Sangiovese-based rosso

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18
Q

flagship variety of the Dolceaqua DOC?

A

Rossese

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19
Q

Liguria’s first DOC?

A

Rossesse di Dolceaqua DOC

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20
Q

Riviera di Ligure di Poniente DOC

A

Stretches to the French border
Varietally labelled:
- 100% Moscato, 95% Vermentino, 95% Pigato
- 90% Granaccia, Rossese

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21
Q

Liguria

A

Apennines meet the Alps
* 2nd last in production
* 8 DOC, 8 IGT, 0 DOCG
* Genoa splits it in half - Ponente to west, Levante to east
* Mediterranean climate

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22
Q

Vermentino in Liguria

A

Vermentino = most important
*Pigato is a biotype
* collectively.. Vermentino + Pigato make up 42% of plantings

Vermentino plantings concentrate in the lower elevation east:
- Val Polcèvera
- Golfo del Tigullio-Portofino
- Colline di Levanto
- Cinque Terre
- Colli di Luni

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23
Q

Pigato

A

Pigau = “spotted”
* Biotype of Vermentino. Treated as distinct in Liguria.
* grows in the western Ponente of Liguria. Higher elevation, more diurnal. Creamier, waxier expressions

Riviera Ligure di Ponente DOC requires min. 95% Pigato for varietally labelled wines

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24
Q

Varietal Lambrusco DOC’s

A
  1. Lambrusco di Sorbara: sandy flood plain between Secchia and Panaro Rivers. Light, bright
  2. Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro: most challenging terroir, most structured/tannic wines
  3. Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce: min. 60% Salamino bc it cannot self-pollinate. Sorbara is the favored blender
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25
Q

Italy’s 1st DOCG white?

A

Romagna Albana (1987)

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26
Q

4 big lakes in northern Lombardy?

A

Lake Garda
Lake Maggiore
Lake Iseo
Lake Como

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27
Q

Franciacorta’s climate is influenced by what lake?

A

Lake Iseo

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28
Q

Curtefranca DOC

A

Formerly Terre di Franciacorta
* Bianco: Chard + Chard/PG blends
* Rosso: Cab Sauv + Cab Franc and/or Carmenere + Merlot blends
* min. 500M elevation

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29
Q

1st Franciacorta?

A

1961 Pinot di Franciacorta
Berlucchi

30
Q

Franciacorta Saten
- grapes
- styles
- pressure
- lees aging

A

“Silk”
* Chardonnay, max. 50% Pinot Bianco
* min. 24 months on lees, 31 total for elevage
* Brut
* max 5 bars pressure

31
Q

Franciacorta assemblage

A
  • Pinot Noir and/or Chardonnay
  • Pinot Bianco (max 50%)
  • Erbamat (max 10%)
32
Q

min % of Pinot Noir for Franciacorta Rosé?

A

Min. 35%
(min. 30 months on lees, non dosage to demi-sec in style)

33
Q

Franciacorta aging requirements

A
  • Normale: 18 on lees, 25 months total elevage
  • Rosé/Saten: 24 on lees/31 total
  • Millesimato: 30 on lees, 37 total
  • Riserva: 60 on lees, 67 total
34
Q

Min. % from stated vintage for Franciacorta Millesimato/Riserva?

A

Min. 85%
(Different from champagne which is 100%)

35
Q

Franciacorta Riserva may be made in what sweetness levels?

A

Non-dosaggio
Extra-brut
Brut

36
Q

Franciacorta Millesimato may be made in what sweetness levels?

A

Non-dosaggio
Extra-brut
Brut
Extra Dry

37
Q

Lombardy’s 2 sparkling DOCG

A
  1. Franciacorta DOCG
  2. Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG
38
Q

Lombardy’s 5 DOCG?

A

Sparkling…
1. Franciacorta DOCG
2. Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG

Passito..
3. Moscato di Scanzo DOCG

Nebbiolo….
4. Valtellina Superiore DOCG
5. Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG

39
Q

Moscato di Scanzo DOCG

A

LOMBARDY
RED Passito wine - only a handful of other appellations produce Moscatel like this (Moscatel Roxo in Portugal and Moscato Rosa in Alto Adige)

40
Q

Lugana DOC
- grapes/styes
- top area

A

Lombardy’s 1st DOC (1967)
4 communes in Lombardy, 1 in Veneto
Bianco sup/rsva/vt/spumante
* Min 90% Turbiana aka trebbiano di Lugana (NOT verdicchio)
* SOILS: Glacial origin. Calcareous, fossils
Lake Garda moderates the climate

  • 90% vineyard in Lombardy
  • Veneto has the big producers and the great San Benedetto di Lugana cru
41
Q

2 geographical features are important to the Oltrepo Pavese DOC?

A

Apennine Mountains
Po River

42
Q

Oltrepo Pavese DOC soils?

A

Calcareous clay and marl - often compared to that of Barolo

43
Q

Buttafuoco - style/varieties?

A

Red and semi-sparkling reds from:
25-65% Barbera
25-65% Croatina
Max. 45% Uva Rara and/or Ughetta (Vespolina)

Pavia province of Oltrepo Pavese - it is a specific style and its own DOC (Buttafuoco dell’Oltrepo Pavese DOC - separated in 2010).

44
Q

Oltrepo Pavese Croatina

A

Bonarda
*found in southern Lombardy, eastern Piedmont, and western Emilia Romagna. About 9k ha planted. Croatian origin. Shares the bonarda synonym with Bonarda Piemontese and UVA Rara

45
Q

Oltrepo Pavese “varietal” DOCs?

A

Pinot Grigio
Pinot Nero
Bonarda (Croatina)

46
Q

Buttafuoco’s grapes?

A

Croatina
Barbera
Uva Rara and/or Ughetta (Vespolina)

47
Q

Sangue di Giuda

A

Sangue di Giuda dell’Oltrepo Pavese DOC
- Sweet reds - still, semi or fully sparkling
- Min 25 - 65% Croatina, min 25-65% Barbera, max 45% Uva Rara and/or Ughetta aka Vespolina
- min. RS 80g/l

48
Q

What does the name “Oltrepo Pavese” translate to?

A

Roughly, “Pavia across the Po”

49
Q

Main grape of the Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG?

A

Min. 70% Pinot Nero

50
Q

Min % of Pinot in Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero

A

Min 85% Pinot Nero
(As opposed to the usual min of 70%)

51
Q

Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG grapes

A

Pinot Nero (dominant)
Chardonnay
Pinot Grigio
Pinot Bianco

52
Q

Cruasé

A

trademarked term by Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG.
* est 2010
There are two stipulations:
1) Must be 100% Pinot Nero
2) no blending - color must be attained from maceration in tank or press

53
Q

Aging requirements for Oltrepo Pavese Metodo Classico NV and for Millisimato?

A

NV: 15 months on lees

Millisimato: 24 months

54
Q

Manzoni Bianco is a crossing of _______?

A

Riesling x Sylvaner

55
Q

List Valtellina Superiore DOCG subzones from west to east?

A

Maroggia
Sassella
Grumello
Inferno
Valgella

56
Q

Most planted grapes in Lombardy?

A

1 Croatina

#2 Pinot Nero
#3 Chardonnay

57
Q

Valtellina name for Nebbiolo

A

Chiavennasca

58
Q

Valtellina river

A

Adda River
*flows out of Swiss Alps to Lake Como

59
Q

Valtellina
- province
- orientation
- river, mountains
- elevation
- soils

A

Sondrio province
East-west valley. South-facing vyd over north bank of Adda River. Slope as steep as 70% in places.
* VYD ELEVATION ~300 to 800M. Rhaetian Alps.
* SOILS: schist, sandy-loam, alluvial deposits from the Adda River.

60
Q

Valtellina soils

A

Schist, sandy-loam, alluvial deposits from the Adda
* low in nutrients
* extremely acidic, with a low pH, * extremely thin topsoil
* soil replenishment sometimes necessary

61
Q

Valtellina DOC/Gs? Min. % Chiavennasca for each?

A

Min. 90% Chiavennasca

Rosso di Valtellina DOC
Valtellina Superiore DOCG
Sfursat di Valtellina DOCG

62
Q

Valtellina Aging Requirements

A
  • Rosso di Valtellina DOC: min. 6 months
  • Valtellina Superiore DOCG: min 2 years, 3 for Rsva. 1 in wood
  • Sfursat di Valtellina DOCG: ages 20 months from April 1, 12 in barrel
63
Q

Sforzato di Valtellina DOCG

A

Dry passito wine in the style of Amarone (DOCG since 2003)
* dry on straw mats at ~ 2 months; cannot vinify before Dec 10
* must reach 14% ABV
* ages 20 months from April 1st inc. 12 months in barrel

(s)forzatura delle uve = forcing the grapes

64
Q

Valtellina bottled in Switzerland

A

STAGAFASSLI
* can age there but cannot list subzone or rsva
* 3 Swiss in the consorzio… Pietro Misani, Pietro Triaccia, I Vinauton
* Brussio, Campascio are a 40 min drive from Valtellina. Grisons/Graubunden has historically been an important market for Valtellina

65
Q

Italy’s 1st sparkling wine DOCG?

A

Franciacorta, 1995

66
Q

Franciacorta lay of the land

A

Amphitheater of morainic hills
* Lake Iseo (N), Oglio River (W), Mount Orofano (S)
* sand and silt. Landscape designed by Alps and glaciers
*45th parallel. Continental but temperate
*~3k ha (9% of Champagne’s area)

67
Q

Most important commune of production for Franciacorta?

A

Erbusco - where most of the big houses are

68
Q

Franciacorta most planted grapes?

A

1 Chard (~75%)

#2 Pinot Nero (~17%)
#3 Pinot Bianco (~3%)
#4 Erbamat (less than 1%)

69
Q

Erbamat in Franciacorta

A

2017 addition - reaction to warming climate
* up to 10% of assemblage
* neutral late-ripener that maintains laser-like acid

70
Q

Braulio

A

Valtellina
* est 1875. Pine, spearmint, chamomile. Very après-ski.
* 2 years in Slavonian oak barrels, * Riserva Speciale ages in smaller barrels, higher proof

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