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IT: South Flashcards

Puglia, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Sardinia, Sicily (91 cards)

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1
Q

Italian for “made from overripe grapes”

A

da uva stramature

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2
Q

Castel del Monte

A

3 DOCG + 1 DOC
* Murga Plateau/calcareous limestone formations
1. Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG: min. 65% Uva di Troia
2. Castel del Monte Nero di Troia DOCG: min. 90% Uva di Troia
3. Castel del Monte Bombino Nera DOCG: ROSÉ ONLY; max 10gl RS
4. Castel del Monte DOC: W/R/R/Sp

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3
Q

Tavoliere DOC

A

Puglia
Uva di Troie-focused rosato, red

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4
Q

Puglia’s 2 main Primitivo regions

A
  1. Gioia del Colle (Murge plateau)
  2. Manduria
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5
Q

Primitivo di Manduria DOC

A

Puglia
Min 85% Primitivo, min 13.5% ABV
* RSVA: min. 9 months in barrel, 14% ABV

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6
Q

Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Natural DOCG

A

Puglia
100% Primitivo; passito style
* min 50 gl RS, 13%
* air dried to min. 16% potential ABV

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7
Q

Puglia 4 DOCG

A
  1. Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Natural DOCG
  2. Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG (red)
  3. Castel del Monte Nero di Troia DOCG (red)
  4. Castel del Monte Bombino Nera DOCG (rosé)
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8
Q

Gioa del Colle DOC

A

Puglia
Varietal Primitivo/based rosato/reds
Aleatico passito

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9
Q

Salento Peninsula

A

southern third of Puglia
Negroamaro land
* Salice Salento DOC: rosato, reds
* Brindisi DOC: rosato, reds. also whites/sparkling

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10
Q

Puglia native white grapes (4)

A
  • Verdeca (historically known for vermouth base wine)
  • Bombino Bianco
  • Minutolo
  • Pampanuto
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11
Q

Campania’s 2 volcanoes

A

Campi Flegrei
Mt. Vesuvius

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12
Q

most planted grape in Campania

A

Aglianico - 34% of plantings

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13
Q

Campania’s 4 DOCG

A
  1. Greco di Tufo DOCG
  2. Fiano di Avellino DOCG
  3. Aglianico del Taburno DOCG
  4. Taurasi DOCG
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14
Q

Taurasi DOCG
- province
- aging
- min abv

A

S. Italy’s 1st - 1993
Avellino province.. Irpinia
* min 85% Aglianico
* normale: min 12%. 3yrs with 1 in wood
* RSVA: min. 12.5%; 4yrs with 18m in wood
^ from Dec 1 of harvest year

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15
Q

Taurasi river

A

Calore River

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16
Q

Taurasi DOCG aging

A

Normale: 3yrs with 1 in wood

RSVA: 4yrs with 18 months in wood

(both from Dec 1 of harvest year)

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17
Q

Taurasi vineyard elevation range

A

300 - 600M
* no elevation requirement

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18
Q

Taurasi climate

A

Mediterranean but more continental as you ascend the Avellino mountains
* marked diurnal shift
* distinct seasons with winter snow
* low rainfall throughout year

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19
Q

Taurasi soils

A

High proportion of calcareous clay all over.. varying degrees of volcanic matter, alluvial deposits, sand, clay, limestone, and sandstone
* phylloxera doesn’t like the loose volcanics - doesn’t survive here

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20
Q

Aglianico del Taburno DOCG
- styles, soils, climate, biotype, aging

A

Benevento
min. 85% Aglianico - rosato, rosso, rsva
* SOILS: calcareous clay
* CLIMATE: cooler, rainy - up to 63in/yr, wide diurnal shift
* biotype - Aglianico Amaro; not bitter.. amaro refers to acidity
* AGING: min. 2 years, RSVA = min. 3 yrs (1 wood, 6m bottle) from Nov 1 of harvest

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21
Q

Benevento, Avellino corresponding cultural names

A

Benevento = Sannio
Avellino = Irpinia

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22
Q

Fiano di Avellino DOCG
- soils, grapes/styles, climate

A

Avellino; Mastroberardino is the hero
* Min. 85% Fiano + Coda di Volpe, Greco, Trebbiano Toscano
* SOILS: mostly calcareous clay with some volcanic elements
* Continental
* 300 - 650M; Mount Partenio, S Apennine Mtns

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23
Q

Lapio

A

Village in Avellino - part of both Fiano and Taurasi DOCGs. Highly regarded in both

*Apianno is an early name for Lapio, which is where it is thought Fiano’s name derived from

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24
Q

Fiano di Avellino Rivers, Mountains

A

Sabato River
Calore River
Mount Partenio (S. Apennines)

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25
Greco di Tufo grapes + styles
Bianco/Riserva Spumante/Riserva * Min 85% Greco di Tufo + max 15% Coda di Volpe
26
Fiano di Avellino, Greco di Tufo DOCG's aging for Riserva
both min. 1 year aging * Fiano released no earlier than Nov 1, Greco just says "from Nov 1" Greco spumante rsva = 36 months "in bottle"
27
Greco di Tufo soils
Tufo = named for soft volcanic rock used for construction Volcanics rich in clay, limestone, gravel, chalk, sulfur
28
Falanghina
falanghae = tied to the stake * thought to be the grape of Falernium - Falanghina del Sannio (min. 85%) - Irpinia - Campi Flegrei
29
Top crus for Fiano in Avellino
Lapio, Candida (east) - Montefredane (north) - Summonte (northwest)
30
Irpinia - DOCGs within?
Greco, Fiano, Taurasi
31
DOC tied to historical Roman falernum?
Falerno del Massico DOC
32
Costa d'Amalfi - subzones and most famous producer
Marisa Cuomo 3 subzones: Furore, Ravello, Tramonti
33
Aglianico del Vulture DOC - grapes, styles
Basilicata 100% Aglianico - rosso, rosso spumante
34
Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG - grapes, style - aging requirements
Basilicata 100% Aglianico - superiore, superiore RSVA * Normale: 3yrs total, 1yr in barrel. 13% ABV * RSVA: 5yrs, 2 in barrel; 13.5% [both to Nov 1 of yr after harvest]
35
Calabria's most planted grape
Gaglioppo
36
Ciro DOC
Calabria; Ionian coast WHITES: min 80% Greco Bianco (NOT Campania Greco - identical to Malvasia di Lipari) REDS: min 80% Gaglioppo
37
Gravello
Librandi's "Super Calabrian" Gaglioppo + Cab Sauv
38
Body of water separating Sicily from mainland
Strait of Messina
39
the Brit who "discovered" Marsala & the other guy
John Woodhouse, 1770 * introduced fortification in 1773 - looking for a cheap alternative to Port, Sherry, Madeira * Benjamin Ingham was the "other guy" - set up a rival company in 1812
40
Name for traditional Sicilian stone fermentation houses
Palmenti
41
Sicily's most planted grapes
#1 Cataratto #2 Nero D'Avola
42
Sicily's 1st DOC
Etna, 1968
43
Which side of Etna is NOT planted
West
44
Etna DOC elevation
Generally, 300 - 900M, reaching up to 1100
45
Etna's slopes
NORTH: most producers. Nerello dominates. Up to 800M. 31in rain/r EAST: Carricante dominates. Most wind/rain. Overlooks Ionian. 79in rain/yr (Milo is here) SOUTHEAST SOUTHWEST: less rain, hot winds. Vineyards exceed 1000M. More Nerello Cappuccio here
46
Etna vine training - type and benefits?
Albarello (bush vines) - tolerate high winds - at elevations, even distribution of sunlight
47
Etna DOC white grapes + styles - normale - superiore
NORMALE: min 60% Carricante + max 40% Catarratto Comune/Lucido + max 15% Trebbiano, Minella SUPERIORE: min 80% Carricante + max 20% Minella, Trebbiano ** ONLY from commune of MILO
48
Etna Bianco Superiore
SUPERIORE: min 80% Carricante + max 20% Minella, Trebbiano ** ONLY from commune of MILO
49
Etna DOC red/rosé grapes
Min 80% Nerello Mascalese Max 20% Nerello Cappuccio Max 10% white grapes
50
Etna sparkling
Min. 80% Nerello Mascalese * 18 months on lees * bianco, rosato
51
Aging requirement for Etna Rosso
none for Normale RISERVA: min. 4 years from Nov 1 of harvest with 12 months in wood
52
Explain Etna's contrada
similar to frazioni or menzioni geografiche aggiuntive (MGAs).. * NOT single vineyards, but districts, zones, or neighborhoods * largely based on geological formations formed by different lava flows
53
Faro DOC grapes, styles
RED ONLY * 45%–60% Nerello Mascalese * 15%–30% Nerello Cappuccio * 5%–10% Nocera * 15% Nero d’Avola, Gaglioppo, and/or Sangiovese Tyrrenhian + Ionian Seas; rain, humidity and little hillside protection. Almost extinct region in 90s. Palari, Bonavita, etc are reviving it
54
local name for Etna lava flows
sciari
55
ripiddu
term for ash, pumice, glassy black fragments shot out of Etna's fissures
56
Malvasia delle Lipari DOC grapes + styles
Sicily Sweet whites, passito, & fortified styles * 92 - 95% Malvasia di Lipari, 5 - 8% Corinto Nero ~80% of production is passito Passito, fortified = min 60gl RS (dry styles = Salina IGT)
57
Cerasuolo di Vittoria - varietal requirements - claim to fame - aging
Sicily's 1st and only DOCG * 50-70% Nero d'Avola (Calabrese) * 30-50% Frappato Classico = longer aging, ~18 months (March 31 of year #2)
58
Cerasuolo di Vittoria Classico
~18 months aging (March 31 of year 2 after harvest) * Hyblaean Mountains - covers a plateau 175 - 300Mish, around the town of Chiaramonte Gulfi ** best area for Frappato. Terra rossa soils.. red clay over limestone
59
Nero d'Avola's "Grand Cru"
Pachino subzone of the Eloro DOC * min 80% NdA * southernmost tip of Sicily * unofficial contrada: Baroni, Bufaleffi, Maccari, and San Lorenzo
60
Marsala name origin
Mars el-Allah = "Allah's harbor"
61
Italian name for solera system
perpetuum
62
Marsala grapes
- Ora/Ambre: Catarratto, Inzolia, Grillo, and/or Damaschino - Rubino: min. 70% Perricone, Nero d'Avola, and/or Nerello Mascalese
63
Concia
addition of mosto cotta - required 1% addition for Ambra styles of Marsala. Not allowed for Ora/Rubino styles.
64
Marsala aging requirements, min. alc
Fine: 1 year min, 8m in barrel (17.5% min) Superiore: 2 years min, 20m in barrel (18%) Superiore Riserva: 4 years min, 44m in barrel (18%) ** all allow addition of sweetening/coloring agents
65
Marsala sweetening/coloring agents
1. sifone (a sweet and syrupy mistelle) 2. mosto cotto 3. rectified concentrated grape juice
66
Solera Marsala
Perpetuum = min 5 years aging, no vintage date *Stravecchio can apply to Vergine, Solera = min 10 years
67
Vergine Marsala
No addition other than spirit * Min. 5 years aging * Min 18% ABV * Secco only - max 40 gl RS *Stravecchio can apply to Vergine, Solera = min 10 years
68
Marsala min. ABV
17.5% for fine; 18% for all others
69
Marsala RS for Secco, Semisecco, Dolce
Secco: max 40 gl RS Semisecco: 40 - 100 gl RS Dolce: 100+
70
Vecchio Samperi
Marco De Bartoli's unfortified Marsala, named for the contrada of his family winery * 1st vintage in 1980
71
Pantelleria - grape, styles, method
Moscato di Pantelleria, Passito di Pantelleria * Zibbibo (zibbib = Arabic for "dried grape"): right at home. Big berries, thick skins can withstand wind and sun **METHOD**: - grapes dry to varying degrees in stenditoio (walled area) or serre (drying tunnels) - dried grapes are added to fermenting base wine (just like Tokay, minus the botrytis) Marco Bartoli "Buckram", Donnafugata "Ben Ryé"
72
Nuraghi
truncated conic towers built with basalt stones by early Sardinian peoples during the Bronze Age
73
Sardinia most planted grapes
#1 Cannonau (center and south) #2 Vermentino (north)
74
Vermentino di Gallura
Sardinia's only DOCG * Pink granite soils - a rarity * **min 95% Vermentino** * normale, superiore, sparkling, late harvest, passito
75
Vementino di Sardegna DOC - min % of Vermentino?
Min 85% Vermentino
76
Cannonau di Sardegna DOC -subzones -varietal requirement
Min. 85% Cannonau * Subzones: Oliena, Jerzu, Cap Ferrato, Classico * * Classico requires min 90% Cannonau + 2yrs age (12 in wood)
77
Carignano on Sardinia
Sulcis zone in SW and Sant’Antioco island * identical to Bovale Grande
78
Mirto di Sardegna
Protected IGP - sweet herbal liqueur made from myrtle plants. 28 - 36% ABV, max 270gl RS
79
Alghero DOC
Sardinia Torbato (white)
80
Vernaccia di Oristano DOC
Sardinia; heritage specialty * dry or sweet, fortified or not. Always oxidative * ages in solera system of chestnut or oak barrels, not topped up. Develops flor * min 2 years flor for normale, 3 for superiore, 4 for rsva
81
Etna vintage highlights - since 2015
2015: hail, humidity etc 2016: good, no challenges 2017: dry, not bad **2018: disastrous. Rain, cool. Wettest August in 18 vintages+** 2019, 2020: no big challenges **2021: DRY all season long** 2022: some hail **2023: downy mildew, hail and drought**
82
mainland regions closest to Sardinia
Lazio Tuscany
83
Cagliari native variety DOCs
Nasco di Cagliari DOC Giro di Cagliari DOC Nuragas di Cagliari DOC
84
Cannonau di Sardegna subzones
1. Classico 2. Oliena/Nepente di Oliena 3. Capo Ferrato 4. Jerzu
85
strain of yeast is responsible for development of the flor?
saccharomyces cerevisiae
86
first DOC in Sardinia?
Vernaccia di Oristano DOC (1971)
87
What body of water separates Sardinia from Corsica?
Bocche di Bonifacio aka the strait of Bonifacio
88
Name 5 Etna contrada
Feudo di Mezzo Cavaliere Monte Serra Pietrarizzo San Lorenzo Crasa
89
Ben Ryé
Donnafugata; Passito di Pantelleria
90
IDDA
Graci x Gaja
91
What Aglianico DOCG mandates the longest aging?
Aglianico del Volture Superiore Riserva DOCG (60 months total. 2yrs in barrel, 1yr in bottle)

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