exam 4 lecture 3

Question 1

when does the peak level in the mothers milk?

Answer 1

occurs during the drugs maximum blood levels in the mother

Question 2

this local anesthetic has been designated a category B drug?

Answer 2

lidocaine

Question 3

this has no adverse reactions noted but nystatin is more safer

Answer 3

clotrimazaole

Question 4

this type is safe for nursing mothers but look for signs of sedation in infants

Answer 4

barbiturates

Question 5

these local anesthetics are category C and have not been tested

Answer 5

mepivicane and procaine

Question 6

what are some disadvantages of local anesthetics with pregnant people?

Answer 6

can cause fetal bradycardia if administered in large doses

may produce uterine vascular constriction leading to fetal heart changes

Question 7

unless there is a strong indication for use, these should not be administered to a pregnant or nursing woman

Answer 7

drugs

Question 8

what are the FDA pregnancy categories?

Answer 8

A
B
C
D
X

A is the safest, X should not be used in pregnant people

Question 9

what type of opioid is associated with teratogenicty?

Answer 9

codeine

Question 10

when should a drug be administered to a pregnant woman?

Answer 10

only if the benefits outweigh the risks and definite need is indicated

Question 11

with this, decidious teeth become stained and fetal bone growth inhibited

Answer 11

tetracyclines

Question 12

what abnormalities are involved with codeine?

Answer 12

respiratory, GI, cardiac and circulatory system as well as cleft lip and palate

Question 13

this type of drug should only be used when there is definite indication

Answer 13

anti infective agents

Question 14

this appears to be safe for pregnancy other than estolate

Answer 14

erythromycin

Question 15

when a mother is nursing, when will the least potential problems occur in the infant?

Answer 15

shortly after a drug is taken the mother should nurse

Question 16

these are contraindicated during pregnancy only for the treatment of status epilepticus

Answer 16

benzodiapzine

Question 17

these are used in the lowest possible dose for the shortest amount of time

Answer 17

analgesics

Question 18

this is safe to use during pregnancy, usually occurs in breast milk and infants should be observed for signs of diarrhea, candidiasis and allergic reactions

Answer 18

penicillin

Question 19

this is contraindicated during pregnancy because of the adverse affects to the fetus and cross the placenta are deposited in fetal teeth and bone

Answer 19

tetracyclines

Question 20

this is teratogenic in animals and producing abnormal number of digits… if used breast milk should be expressed and discarded during therapy and for 72 hours after ingesting the last dose

Answer 20

ketaconazole

Question 21

this is not recommended for nursing mothers

Answer 21

benzodiazepines

Question 22

what is the local anesthetic of choice for the pregnant woman?

Answer 22

lidocaine

Question 23

what dental treatment can be done during the first trimester?

Answer 23

intra and extra oral examination after completion of medical and dental history, dental prophylaxis, oral hygiene instructions and no radiographs unless absolutely necessary..

avoid elective dental treatment

Question 24

when is the most optimal time for dental treatment to be completed?

Answer 24

second trimester

Question 25

what have the studies in animals suggest that aspirin cause?

Answer 25

birth defects involving eyes, CNS, GIT and skeleton well controlled studies in humans have not demonstrated the aspirin increases the incidence in birth defects may prolong gestation, complicate delivery and increase the risk of maternal or fetal hemmorhage

Question 26

this is associated with changes that occur in an infant exposed to excessive intake of alcohol by the mother.. it involves abnormalities in growth retardation, CNS abonormalities and facial dysmorphology (microcephaly, microthalmia, short paperbal fissures and thin lips)

Answer 26

fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 27

this type of barbiturate is thought to be teratogenic

Answer 27

phenobarbital

Question 28

this is used in the first trimester and may lead to increased risk of ckngenital malformations such as cleft palate, lip and neural tube defects

Answer 28

benzodiazepines

Question 29

this NSAID is designated category B and is the choice for nursing mother

Answer 29

ibuprofen

Question 30

this is not associated with terstogenicity, however, should not be used unless specific indications exist

Answer 30

cephalosporins

Question 31

what can opioids cause in the infant?

Answer 31

near term pay produce respiratory depression

Question 32

this does not produce adverse effects in the fetus if the small doses are administered... vasoconstrictor should not be utilized for short appointments

Answer 32

epinephrine

Question 33

chronic ingestion of this may cause floppy infant syndrome or neonatal flaccidty

Answer 33

benzodiazepines

Question 34

during this trimester, it may be uncomfortable for the patient to lie flat on their back

Answer 34

third trimester

Question 35

these produce affects similar to aspirin and may complicate delivery

Answer 35

NSAIDS

Question 36

chronic exposure to this to trace amounts are associated with higher rates of spontaneous abortion and birth defects regardless of whether a man or woman was exposed

Answer 36

nitrous oxide

Question 37

these have no controlled human studies have been performed and may be associated with fetal renal changes in large doses

Answer 37

acetaminophen

Question 38

this should be only used for bacteria resistant to penicillin

Answer 38

clindamycin

Question 39

this is safely administered during pregnancy to treat oral candida infections and not well absorbed into the systemic circulation when taken orally or topically

Answer 39

nystatin

Question 40

this local anesthetic has been shown to be teratogenic in rats and rabbits and is a C category

Answer 40

Bupivcane

Question 41

with this, the breast milk should be expressed and discarded during treatment and 48 hours after the last dose

Answer 41

metronidazole

Question 42

when is nursing contraindicated?

Answer 42

if certain drugs are invested.. breast milk must be expressed and discarded