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NUTR 3210 > Exam - General Micronutrients - Groupings > Flashcards

Exam - General Micronutrients - Groupings Flashcards

1
Q

what contributes to the traditional discussion of micronutrients

A

fat soluble vitamins
water soluble vitamins
minerals

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2
Q

what is the first functional grouping of micronutrients

A

micronutrients that control type II steroid hormone receptors and have major global health implications

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3
Q

what micronutrients are a part of group I

A

iodine
vit A
vit D
calcium
vit K
phosphorus
fluoride

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4
Q

what is the second functional grouping of micronutrients

A

micronutrients that have a role in oxidant defence

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5
Q

what micronutrients are a part of group II

A

vit E
selenium
vit C
niacin
riboflavin
copper
zinc
manganese

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6
Q

what is the third functional grouping of micronutrients

A

micronutrients that act as enzyme cofactors

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7
Q

what micronutrients are a part of group III

A

thiamine
niacin
riboflavin
vit B6
folate
vit B12
biotin
pantothenic acid

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8
Q

what is the fourth functional grouping of micronutrients

A

cations

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9
Q

what micronutrients are a part of group IV

A

iron
copper
zinc-related cations

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10
Q

how many people globally are affected by vitamin and mineral deficiencies

A

1 out of 3

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11
Q

what do the micronutrients in group I do

A

control cellular function through type II steroid receptors

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12
Q

do all micronutrients in group I act directly on steroid hormone receptors

A

no - only bioactive forms of Vit A, Vit D, and iodine

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13
Q

what is iodine used to make

A

T3 hormone

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14
Q

what does T3 hormone regulate

A

the synthesis of proteins that control a persons basal metabolic rate

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15
Q

what are Vit A precursors converted to

A

retinoids

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16
Q

what do retinoids regulate

A

night vision, epithelial differentiation and gene expression

17
Q

what are Vit D precursors converted to

A

calcitriol

18
Q

what does calcitriol regulate

A

calcium levels in the body

19
Q

what are steroid hormone receptors

A

intracellular protein receptors that need to bind a ligand to become a functional/active transcription factor

20
Q

what are the 2 types of steroid hormone receptors

A

type 1: cytosolic
type 2: nuclear

21
Q

what do cytosolic steroid hormone receptors respond to

A

steroid hormones such as:
estrogen
testosterone
progesterone
glucocorticoids
mineral corticoids

22
Q

what do nuclear steroid hormone receptors respond to

A

steroid and non-steroid ligands such as:
thyroid hormone
retinoid acid
calcitriol

23
Q

are all ligands derived from steroids

A

no

24
Q

how does a nuclear steroid receptor work

A

the ligand and nuclear receptor bind, and then help control gene expression

NUTR 3210 (29 decks)

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