Midterm - Energy Flashcards
what is the cellular source of energy
ATP
what is the energy value of food
calories
how many chemistry calories in 1 food calorie
1000 per 1
what does a bomb calorimeter measure
gross energy of a compound
what are the 2 factors that affect heat of combustion of fatty acids/gross energy
chain length
degree of unsaturation
what is the energy in the heat increment of feeding used for
digestion, absorption, distribution and storage of nutrients
what percentage of daily energy use does the HIF comprise of
5-30%
what does net energy support
basal metabolism, physical activity, growth, pregnancy
what are the 3 primary components to energy expenditure
- basal metabolic rate
- thermic effect of food (HIF)
- physical activity energy expenditure
(4. thermoregulation)
how is BMR measured
shortly after walking
post absorptive state
lying down
completely relaxed
comfortable room temp
what tissues are most reflective of the BMR
muscle and bone
what is BMR
kcal per 24 hours
factors that can affect BMR
genetics
age
biological sex
exercise
temperature
what are the 2 ways to measure total energy expenditure
direct and indirect calorimetry
what does direct calorimetry measure
total heat loss - direct
