export_bact test 6 Flashcards
(189 cards)
1
Q
d
A
e
2
Q
Fusobacteriumnecrophroum
A
Usual cause of hepatic abscesses in feedlot cattle
3
Q
Clostridium perfringens Type A, Clostridiums perfringens type CClostridium difficile
A
According to the required reading, what are the 3 most common clostridium involved in diarrhea diseases in baby pigs
4
Q
Porphyromonas, Prevoteilla
A
2 genera that contain most of the species of Black-pigmented obligately anaerobic bacteria
5
Q
Clostridium botulinum type C
A
You are a wildlife vet in oregon. You are studying the cause of death of 1000 ducks in some shallow ponds in a wildlife refuge. The major symptom you saw was a flaccid paralysis w/o recovery in the birds. One bacteria known to cause this type of disease is?
6
Q
Clostridium tetani
A
This agent causes a toxin that will cause a generalized rigid spastic paralysis of skeletal muscle in affected dogs
7
Q
Clostridium haemolyticum
A
Fever, anemia, hemoglobinuria were observed in 4 cows from a herd of 50 Holstein cows in Wisconsin. Lesions(one cow died) of anemia and a large liver infarct were seen at necropsy. Large gram positive sporeforming rods were isolated from liver on anaerobic culture
8
Q
Clostridium botulinum Type C
A
This agent produces a toxin that causes a generalized flaccid paralysis in ducks and other avian species when ingested from environmental sources
9
Q
Clostridium perfringens Type D
A
This gram positive obligately anaerobic sporeforming bacteria is the cause of one type of bovine enterotoxemia in feedlot cattle that usually results in sudden death. In the live animal, it is characterized by symptoms of CNS disease
10
Q
Clostridium novyi
A
The cause of infectious necrotic hepatitis in cattle
11
Q
Clostridium piliforme
A
Animal: 3 wk old foal in MO
Symptoms: Foal died suddenly
Lesions: Multiple foci of hepatic necrosis were seen
Lab: No growth on aerobic blood agar
Histo: Large filamenious bacteria arranged in parallel fashion in hepatocytes were seen on a silver stain of a liver lesion
12
Q
Clostridium perfringens Type A
A
Bacteria commonly associated w/ canine hemorrhagic gastroenteritis
13
Q
Clostridium Perfringens Type C
A
This agent produces a toxin that causes a necrosis of intestinal epithelium in neonatal foals
14
Q
Clostridium piliforme
A
Considered to be the cause of Tyzzer’s disease in mice
15
Q
Clostridium botulinum Type B
A
Animal: well-nourished 3 week old foal in KY
Syptoms: Generalized flacid paralysis of major skeletal muscele masses
Foal rfails to respond to stimuli
Lesions: gastric ulcers were observed
16
Q
Clostridium perfringens type C
A
Animals: two neonatal calves
Symptoms and lesions> sudden death, small intestine had signs of a necrotic bloody enteritis
Lab: large gram positive rods observed in direct smear
17
Q
Bacillus anthracis
A
Animals: Group of 50 yearling cattle in Tx
Symptoms: sudden death in 2 animals
Necropsy: blood didn’t clot, spleen is enlarged
Lab: Large sporeforming gram positive rod grew on primary aerobic culture
18
Q
Clostridium perfringens Type A
A
Animal: 3 yr old Beagle in Columbia
Symptoms: Dog is in acute shock and has a bloody diarrhea
Lab: Direct smear of bloody feces, large gram positive rods on majority population
19
Q
Fusobacteriumnecrophorum
and
Porphyromonas levii
A
These 2 species of bacteria act as synergistic agents in pathogenesis of acute foot rot
20
Q
Bacillus anthracis
A
This agent is the cause of anthrax in hores
21
Q
Clostridium chauvoei
A
Animal: Yearling well-nourished steer in Missouri
Symptoms: sudden death
Lesions: Gas bubbles under skin of left hidnd leg, large dry dark area in muscle of the leg
Your diagnosis: Blackleg
22
Q
Clostridium difficile
A
This species of gram positive sporeforming rod was originally associated w/ antibiotic induced overgrowth digestive tract disease in humans. Subsequently it was identified as a cause of the same type of disease in lab animals and has recently ibeen identifed as a cause of a severe hemorrhagic necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal foals
23
Q
Bacillus anthracis
Clostridium botulinum type A
A
Two bacteria from 2 different genera that are considered by the CDC to be class A bioterrorism agents
24
Q
Fusobacteriumnecrophorum
A
Animals: herd of 200 dairy cows in MO
Symptoms: chronic lameness in about 50 of the cows w/ involvement of 2-4 feet
Lesions: interdigital necrosis and chronic destruction of the bulbs of the feet
Diagnosis?
25
Propionibacterium acnes
This agent is commonly used in products sold as immunomodulators
26
Binary fission
Term that would describe the method of reproduction of Bacillus anthracis
27
Dipicolinic acid
Compound found in the core of endospores that may be responsible for its environmental resistance
28
Septate hyphae
The type of hyphae that are characteristic of the Deutoromycetes
29
Catalase
| Superoxide dismutase
These 2 enzymes produced by certain bacteria protect them from toxic oxygen containing compounds produced when oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor in energy metabolism
30
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gum tissue of the mouth
31
Deutoromycetes
This form class contains most of the fungi pathogenic to animals
32
Obligately anaerobic bacteria
How would Clostridium perfringens be classified in regards to utilization of oxygen in their environment?
33
Gangliosides
These gylcosphingolipids are components of the cell plasma membrane which modulate cell signal transduction events
34
Cytochrome systema
These proteins are important in electron transport in the presence of oxygen
35
Myositis
Inflammation of the muscles
36
Endemic
Term referring to a persistence of infection or disease in an animal population at a more or less constant low level
37
Reducing agents
These compounds are used to remove oxygen from media
38
Eh
Term that is used to express oxidation reduction potentials
39
Chitin
This compound is a structural component of the cell wall of fungi but not of bacteria
40
Embden Meyerhoff pathway
This biochemical pathway is responsible for anaerobic glycolysis of glucose
41
Anoxia
If an animal died due to a lack of oxygen in his system, we would say this animal died of?
42
Prebiotics
Complex carbs that are given to stimulate the growth and/or activity of bacteria in the digestive system which are beneficial to the health of the body
43
Prebiotics
Complex carbs tat are given to stimulate the growth and or activity of bacteria in the digestive system which are beneficial to the health of the body
44
Crepitation
A crunching crackling sensation that is felt w/ gas production by bacteria in tissues
45
Pyogenic
Bacterial infections that are characterized by pus formation and abscesses
46
Endotoxin
When a label on an injectable vial states that the contents are pyrogen free it means that the contents do not contain?
47
Ergosterol
This compound is in the plasmalemma but not in mammalian cell structures
48
Conjugation
The name for the process which refers to the transfer of genetic elements b/t bacteria that is mediated by bacterial pili
49
Krebs cycle
This biochemical pathway is the major energy producing pathway in facultatively anaerobic bacteria but is not present in obiligately anaerobic bacteria
50
Liver
What organ serves as the principal site of infection for Clostridium haemolyticum infection in cattle?
51
Liver
What is the organ that serves as the principal site of infection for Clostridium piliforme infection in mice?
52
SI
What is the organ that serves as the principal site of infection for neonatal enterotoxemia in pigs?
53
LI
What is the organ that serves as the principal site of infection of clostridium difficile infections in humans?
54
Commercial toxoid
You have an owner who wishes to prevent necrotic abomasitis in his calves
55
Commercial antitoxin
You have just castrated a horse w/ an unknown vaccination history. You wish to prevent tetanus
56
Commercial bacterin or whole culture bacterin
You have an owner who wishes to prevent periodontal disease in his dogs
57
Commercial toxoid
You have an owner who wishes to prevent toxicoinfectious botulism in his horses
58
Commercial toxoid
You wish to vaccinate a horse for long term prevention of tetanus
59
Commercial Modified or avirulent live vaccine
You have horses that you want to vaccinate to prevent anthrax
60
Commercial bacterin or whole culture bacterin
You have an owner who wishes prevent blackleg in his feedlot steers
61
Commercial bacterin toxoid combo
You have an onwer who wishes to vaccinate his cows to prevent neonatal enterotoxemia in his calves
62
Jugular blood sample
The best tissue for bacteriolgocialcultureto send to a diagnostic lab from an 800 lb dead steer that you suspect has anthrax would be?
63
Demonstrationof bacteria on histopathology
Which of the following would be the most important procedure in the routine confirmation of a diagnosis of Tyzzer's disease in a foal
64
Bacteriocidal and time dependent
Cephalosporins in regards to use in the patient and action on the bacteria are?
65
Cell wall synthesis
Cephalosporins in regards to site of action in the bacteria affects?
66
Gram negative non-sporeforming anaerobic rod
A description of Bacteroides fragilis would be?
67
Growth stimulant
Carbon dioxide
68
Catalyst
Palladium
69
Chemical indicator of Eh
Resazurin
70
Reducing agent
sodium Thioglycoliate
71
Endotoxins
The inciting lesions allowing bacterial overgrowth in canine hemorrhagic gastroenteritis are probably due to this toxin
72
Lethal factor
A major toxin of Bacillus anthracis
73
Epsilon toxins
Major toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens Type D
74
Beta toxins
Major toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type C
75
Metronidazole
Drug of choice to treat a Clostridium difficile inefection in a horse
76
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of acute foot rot in dairy cattle
77
Gentamicin
This drug has long term residues in the kidneys of cattle such that vets recommend that the drug not be used to treat feedlot cattle even though it can be legally used for treatment
78
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of clostridial myositis in a horse
79
Enrofloxacin and Gentamicin
2 antimicrobialswhich are commonly used to treat bacterial infections but which are unlikely to wwork against anaerobic bacteria
80
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of Anthrax in a dog
81
Tilmicosin
This macrolide drug used to treat cattle and swine is known for having significant toxicity on accidental injection in humans
82
Amoxicillin
Clavulanic acid is used as a potentiator in combo w/ this drug
83
Antimicrobialsdont work/fit the given description
Drug of choice for treatment of Tyzzer's disease in a horse
84
Clostridium chauvoei
Animal: Yearling well-nourished steer in Missouri
Symptoms: Sudden death
Lesions: Gas bubbles under skin of left hind leg, large dry dark area in muscle of the leg.
Your diagnosis: Blackleg
85
Clostridium novyi
Cause of infectious necrotic hepatitis in cattle
86
Clostridium tetani
Animal: 3 yr old QH
Symptoms: Uncontrolled paraoxysomal spasms of major muscle masses brought on by a randomstimulus leading to a temporary rigid paralysis
87
Clostridium botulinum Type B
Cause of Toxicoinfectious botulism in horses
88
Clostridium perfringens Type C
This agent produces a toxin that causes a necrosis of intestinal epithelium in neonatal foals
89
Clostridium piliforme
Considered to be the cause of Tyzzer's disease in horses
90
Clostridium botulinum Type B
Cause of toxicoinfectious botulism in horses
91
Clostridium perfringens type C
This agent produces a toxin that causes a necrosis of intestinal epithelium in neonatal foals
92
Clostridium piliforme
Considered to be the cause of Tyzzer's disease in horses
93
Clostridium botulinum Type B
Animal: Well nourished 3 week old foal in KY
Symptoms: Generalized flaccid paralysis of major skeletal muscle masses
Foal fails to respond to stimuli
Lesions: Gastric ulcers were observed
94
Clostridium botulinum Type C
This agent produces a toxin that causes a generalized flaccid paralysis in ducks and other avian species when ingested from environmental sources
95
Clostridium Botulinum Type C
This agent produces a toxin that causes a generalized flaccid paralysis in ducks and other avian species when ingested from environmental sources
96
Clostridium Perfringens type C
This agent produces a toxin that causes a necrosis of intestinal epithelium in neonatal foals
97
Clostridium perfringens type A
Bacteria commonly associated w/ canine hemorrhagic gastroenteritis
98
Clostridium tetani
This agent produces a toxin that will cause a generalized rigid spastic paralysis of skeletal muscle in affected dogs
99
Porphyomonasdenticanis
Porphyromonas gulae
Porphyromonas salivosa
These 3 agents are considered to be important in periodontal disease in dogs and are included in bacterin to prevent this disease
100
Clostridium perfringens type C
Animals: group of neonatal pigs
Symptoms: sudden death, SI shows signs of a necrotic bloody enteritis
Lab: Large gram positive rods observed in direct smear
101
Fusobacteriumnecrophorum
Usual cause of hepatic abscesses in feedlot cattle
102
Clostridium botulinum Type C
You are a wildlife vet in the northwest. You are studying the cause of death of 3000 birds in some shallow ponds near watercourses. The major symptom you saw was a flaccid paralysis w/o recovery in the birds. One bacterium known to cause this type of disease in the NW is?
103
Clostridium perfringens type D
This gram positive anaerobic sporeforming bacteria is the cause of the type of bovine enterotoxemia, characterized by sudden death, or if the animal lives it is characterized by symptoms of CNS disease
104
Clostridium perfringens Type A
Animal: 2 year old german shepherd in KC
Symptoms: Bloody diarrhea, acute shock
Lab:
Lab: direct smear of bloody feces, large gram positive rods are majority poplation
105
Fusobacteriumnecrophorum
| Dichelobacter nodosus
Animal: flock of 100 sheep in MO
Symptoms: Chronic lameness in about 50 of the sheep in 204 feet on each sheep
Lesion: Interdigital necrosis, chronic destruction of the bulbs and overgrowth of horn in many nanimals
Diagnosis: contagious digital epidermatitis/chronic foot rot
(2 agents)
106
Propionibacterium acnes
This agent is commonly used in products sold as immunomodulators
107
Fusobacteriumnecrophorum
| Porphyromonas levii
These 2 species of bacteria act as synergistic agents in pathogenesis of acute foot rot in cattle
108
Bacillus anthracis
| Clostridium botulinum
These 2 bacteria from 2 different genera are considered by the CDC to be Class A bioterrorism agents
109
Bacillus
| Clostridum
2 gernea of gram positive spreforming bacteria
110
Binary fission
Term used to describe the method of repro of Clostridium perfringens
111
Eh
Term that is used to express oxidation reduction potentials
112
Conjugation
Name for the process which refers to the transfer of genetic elements b/t bacteria that is mediated by bacterial pili
113
Ergosterol
This compound in the plasmalemma but not in mammalian cell structures
114
Sepsis
A systemic inflammatory response resulting in a severe toxic febrile state due to infection w/ pyogenic bacteria w/ or w/o an associated septicemia
115
Bacteria
In classification, to which domain do the bacteria belong?
116
Endotoxin
When a label on an injectable vial states that the contents are pyrogen free it means that the contents do not contain?
117
Periodic-Acid-Schiff stain
You have submitted a tissue specimen to a diagnostic lab. You request that they stain a histopathologic slide specifically for the cell wall of fungi. They would probably use this stain
118
Crepitation
A crunching crackling sensation that is felt w/ gas production by bacteria in tissues
119
Reducing agents
These compounds are used to remove oxygen from media
120
Toxoids
Product containing specific inactivated exotoxins and used for immunization of animals against these exotoxins
121
Gangliosidosis
These glycosphingolipids are components of the cell wplasma membrane which modulate cell signal transduction events
122
Dipicolonic acid
Compound found in the core of endospores that mayb be responsible for its environmental reseistance
123
Obligately anaeerobic bacteria
How would clostridium pefringens be classified in regards to utilization of oxygen in their environment?
124
Endemic
Term referring to a persistence of infection or disease in an animal population at a more or less constant low level
125
Catalase
| Superoxide dismutase
These 2 enzymes produced by certain bacteria protect them from toxic oxygen containing compounds produced when oxygen is the terminal electorn acceptor in energy metabolism
126
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of clostridial myositis in adog
127
Sulfadiazine
Trimethoprim is used as a potentiator in combo w/ this drug
128
Amoxicillin
Clavulanic acid is used as a potentiattor in combo w/ this drug
129
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of blackleg in cattle
130
Antimicrobialsdo not work/ fit in the described condition
Drug of choice for treatment of Tyzzers disease in a horse
131
ofulvin
This agent should not be used in pregnant queens because it may cause teratogenic effects
132
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of anthrax in a horse
133
Enrofloxacin
This agent must be used w/ caution in cats because use above 5 mg/kg can cause retinal degeneration
134
Enrofloxacin
| Gentamicin
2 antimicrobialswhich are commonly used to treat bacterial infections but which are unlikely to work against anaerobic bacteria
135
Commercial toxoid
You wish to vaccinate a horse for long term prevention of tetanus
136
Commercial bacterin or whole culture bacterin
You have an owner who wishes to prevent Bacillary Hemoglobinuria in his cattle
137
Commercial bacterin or whole culture bacterin
You have just castrate a horse w/ an unknown vaccination history. You wish to prevent tetanus
138
Commercial bacterin or whole culture bacterin
You have an owner who wishes to prevent periodontal disease in his dogs
139
Commercial toxoid
You have an owner who wishes to prevent toxicoinfectious botulism in his horses
140
Commercial modified or avirulent live vaccine
You have cattle that you want to vaccinate to prevent anthrax
141
Commercial bacterin toxoid combination
You have an owner who wishes to vaccinate his sows to prevent neonatal enterotoxemia
142
SI
What is the organ that serves sat the principal site of infection w/ neonatla enterotoxemia in pigs?
143
Liver
What is the organ that serves as the principal site of infection w/ Clostridium piliforme infection in mice?
144
LI
What is the organ that serves as the principal site of infection w/ Clostridium difficile infections inhumans
145
Liver
What is the organ that serves as the principal site of infection w/ clostridium hemolyticum infection in cattle?
146
Reducing agent
Soidum thioglycollate
147
Chemical indicator of Eh
Resazurin
148
Reducing agent
Hydrogen
149
Catalyst
Palladium
150
Demo of bacteria on histopath
Which of the following would be the most important procedure in the routine confirmation of a diagnosis of Tyzzer's disease in a foal?
151
Liver
Endotoxin is possibly one major etiologic factor in canine hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. The major organ affected by the endotoxin resultin in the symptoms of HGE is?
152
Gram negative non-sporeforming anaerobic rod
A description of Bacteroides fragilis would be?
153
Protective antigen
What fraction of the exotoxin Bacillus anthracis is necessary for the activity of the other 2 fractions?
154
Major infection followed by intoxication
How would you classify disease caused by clostridium tetani?
155
Alpha toxins
Major toxin produced by all strains of Clostridium perfringens Type A
156
Lethal factor
A major toxin of Bacillus anthracis
157
Epsilon toxins
Major toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type D
158
Toxins A and B
Major toxin produced by clostridium difficile
159
Iota toxins
The inciting lesions allowing bacterial overgrowth in Canine Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis are probably due to this toxin
160
Commercial toxoid
You wish to vaccinate a horse for long-term prevention of tetanus
161
Commercial toxoid
You have an owner who wishes to prevent toxicoinfectious botulism in his horses
162
Commercial antitoxin
You have just castrated a horse w/ an unknown vaccination history. You wish to prevent tetanus
163
Commercial bacterin or whole culture bacterin
You have an onwer who wishes to prevent blackleg in his feedlot steers
164
Commercial modified or avirulent live vaccine
You have horses that you want to vaccinate to prevent Anthrax
165
Gram positive sporeforming aerobic rod
A description of Bacillus anthracis would be?
166
Jugular blood sample
The best tissue for bacteriologicalcultureto send to a diagnostic lab from an 800 lb dead steer that you suspect has anthrax would be?
167
Liver
In clostridium haemolyticum infections in cattle the major site of infection is?
168
Liver
What is the principal site of infection w/ clostridium piliforme in animals?
169
Bacteriocidal and time dependent
Imipenem in regards to use in the patient and action on the bacteria is?
170
Robert Koch
Who identified the causative agent of anthrax?
171
Intoxication w/o major infection
How would you classify disease caused by clostridium botulinum?
172
Bacteriostatic and time dependent
Chloramphenicol in regards to use in the patient and action on the bacteria?
173
Process of translation
Chloramphenicol, in regards to site of action in the bacteria affects?
174
Demonstrationof bacteria on histopathology
Which of the following would be the most important procedure in the routine confirmation of a diagnosis of Tyzzer's disease in a foal?
175
Process of translation
Gentamicin in regards to site of action in the bacteria affects?
176
Bacteriocidal and concentration dependent
Gentamicin in regards to use in the patient and action on the bacteria is?
177
Liver
A certain toxin is one major etiologic factor often involved in canine hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. The organ directly affected by the toxin resulting in the symptoms of HGE is?
178
Gram negative non-sporeforming anaerobic rod
A description of Bacteroides fragilis would be?
179
Increased permeability
The major mechanism in diarrhea due to Clostridium perfringens Type C infection in a neonatal calf is probably?
180
Vancomycin
This drug belongs to the glycopeptide family
181
Tilmicosin
This macrolide drug used to treat cattle and swine is known for having significant toxicity on accidental injection in humans
182
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of clostridial myositis in a horse
183
Metronidazole
Drug of choice to treat a clostridium difficile infeciton in a horse
184
Enrofloxacin
| Gentamicin
2 antimicrobialswhich are commonly used to treat bacterial infections but which are unlikely to work against anaerobic bacteria
185
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of acute foot rot in dairy cattle
186
Gentamicin
This drug has long term residues in the kidneys of cattle such that vets recommend that the drug not be used to treat feedlot cattle even tho it can be legally used for treatment
187
Amoxicillin
Drug of choice for treatment of anthrax in a dog
188
Chloramphenicol
This drug belongs to the acetamide family of drugs
189
Amoxicillin
Clavulanic acid is used as a potentiator in combo w/ this drug
