F9 CHIA Study Guide Flashcards
(212 cards)
1
Q
What is data governance in healthcare?
A
A standardized and structured approach to collecting, managing, analyzing, and sharing medical data transparently while adhering to ethical and regulatory standards.
2
Q
Why is effective data governance important in healthcare?
A
It ensures healthcare data is managed, protected, and used efficiently, leading to improved patient outcomes, regulatory compliance, and operational efficiency.
3
Q
What are the three major challenges healthcare enterprises face without data governance?
A
- Inconsistent and inaccurate patient data
- Regulatory compliance risks
- Data sharing and interoperability
4
Q
What can cause inconsistent and inaccurate patient data?
A
Fragmented patient information across different systems leading to inconsistencies and inaccuracies.
5
Q
What is the impact of regulatory compliance risks in healthcare?
A
Increased costs and potential for data misuse without proper consent, leading to fines and reputational damage.
6
Q
What does HIPAA regulate?
A
It mandates privacy protection for healthcare data in the United States.
7
Q
What are potential consequences of non-compliance with HIPAA?
A
Significant fines and reputational damage.
8
Q
What is GDPR?
A
The General Data Protection Regulation, effective since 2018, governs the handling of EU citizens’ personal data globally.
9
Q
What is a major challenge highlighted by the Health Data Collaborative regarding healthcare data?
A
Interoperability.
10
Q
What are the benefits of effective data governance in healthcare?
A
- Better healthcare decision-making
- Cost optimization
- Compliance assurance
- Innovation and competitive advantage
11
Q
What is data cataloging in the context of data governance?
A
A centralized repository for discovering, understanding, and using relevant data.
12
Q
What is the role of metadata management in data governance?
A
Captures, describes, and manages all types of metadata to ensure data accuracy and governance.
13
Q
What does data lineage refer to?
A
Understanding the flow of data through various systems for tracking its origin, usage, and transformation.
14
Q
What are data contracts?
A
Agreements between data producers and consumers outlining expectations, responsibilities, and quality standards for data usage.
15
Q
How can AI assist in data governance policy creation?
A
By analyzing existing data, suggesting appropriate policies, and automating policy updates.
16
Q
What is a transparency center in data governance?
A
A tool that provides a top-down view of data governance policy coverage across the data estate.
17
Q
What is the significance of real-time incident alerts in data governance?
A
They notify stakeholders about policy incidents and breaches as they happen, allowing for immediate action.
18
Q
Fill in the blank: The rise of _______ is crucial for enhancing patient care and operational efficiency in healthcare.
A
data governance
19
Q
True or False: Data governance in healthcare is only about compliance.
A
False
20
Q
What is the purpose of the consultation report by the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care?
A
To summarize outcomes of consultations on safety issues and pain points related to clinical information systems at transitions of care.
21
Q
What type of care does the report focus on?
A
Information transfer relating to patients with chronic and complex conditions in primary and acute care sectors.
22
Q
What are the six main safety issues identified at transitions of care?
A
- Poorly defined models of person-centred care
- Poorly defined responsibility and accountability for communication
- Inadequate engagement of patients in care planning
- Limited access to complete and current health information
- Limited opportunities for medication reconciliation
- Inadequate discharge planning
23
Q
True or False: The model of communication at transitions of care is still predominantly based on direct communication between general practitioners and senior clinicians.
A
False
24
Q
Fill in the blank: High-quality communication within and between care teams is central to the ______ and quality of care.
A
[safety]
25
What is a significant risk associated with poor-quality communication during patient discharge?
Increased risk of patient harm due to lack of information or miscommunication.
26
What are the four main gaps in information transfer identified by consultation participants?
* Important medical histories not accessible on admission
* Variable quality of discharge summaries
* Variable mode and effectiveness of information transmission
* Variable timeliness of discharge information
27
What role do patients play in the care team during transitions of care?
Patients are considered a member of the care team and are central to both care and communication.
28
What is the recommended approach for discharge planning according to consultation participants?
Discharge planning should be a continuous process that starts on admission.
29
What do consultation participants believe about engaging patients in their care?
Inadequate engagement is a major safety and quality issue.
30
What is one of the main concerns regarding medication reconciliation at discharge?
Patients often lack clear information on what medicines they should be taking after discharge.
31
What is a suggested improvement for communication systems at transitions of care?
Improving clinical system interoperability and security.
32
True or False: The report emphasizes that all clinical leaders model good communication at transitions of care.
False
33
What are some barriers to clinicians accessing complete patient information?
Workflow, information system, and cultural differences.
34
What is a key factor that can improve transitions of care according to consultation participants?
Consumer engagement.
35
What is the impact of variable quality of discharge summaries on primary clinicians?
They often receive inconsistent and irrelevant information.
36
Fill in the blank: The consultation report was published in ______.
[December 2017]
37
What is one of the essential elements for successful transitions of care identified by consultation participants?
Good planning and implementation of care plans.
38
What is the relationship between quality of transitions and patient safety?
Poor quality transitions can lead to increased safety risks for patients.
39
What is the significance of having a reliable national clinician database?
It supports referral and provision of discharge and transfer of care information.
40
What is the goal of making electronic clinical information systems more secure?
To enhance compatibility across acute and primary care, between states and territories, and across public and private hospital sectors.
41
What kind of patient data should clinicians be able to access?
Data held in different clinical information systems across sectors, states, and territories.
42
What is a reliable national clinician database used for?
To support referral and provision of discharge and transfer of care information.
43
What is a poorly defined model of person-centred care?
An outdated model of team-based care and communication that lacks clarity.
44
What are two responsibilities that need to be defined at transitions of care?
* Roles of clinicians involved
* Accountability for communication
45
How can patient engagement in care planning be improved?
By enhancing patient engagement in both hospital and primary care settings.
46
What is one way to improve access to health information?
By increasing the compatibility of electronic information systems.
47
What is medication reconciliation?
The process of ensuring that a patient's medication lists are accurate and complete during transitions of care.
48
What should be defined to improve discharge planning?
* Roles of responsible clinicians
* Accountability for discharge communications
49
What were the consultation dates for the project on interoperability and safety issues?
Between July and October 2017.
50
What type of healthcare organization is classified as an acute hospital?
A public or private organization providing bed-based and ambulatory treatment and nursing care.
51
What constitutes an adverse event in healthcare?
An injury resulting from medical management rather than from the underlying disease.
52
What is a 'pain point' in healthcare?
Potential or actual issues with the provision of healthcare that are challenging to deal with.
53
How many hospitalizations occurred in Australia in 2013-14?
About 9.7 million.
54
What percentage of patients discharged from hospital experience an adverse event within three weeks?
At least 20%.
55
What is the primary care – acute hospital interface?
The point where responsibility for a patient's care transitions between primary and acute hospital clinicians.
56
What are the key elements of high-quality transitions of care?
* Planning
* Implementation
* Documentation
* Communication
57
What is a common issue identified at transitions of care?
Poor communication and information sharing between clinicians.
58
What does the term 'person-centred medical home' refer to?
A model likely to play an important role in communication at transitions of care.
59
What is the effect of poor documentation at transitions of care?
Can lead to adverse events, including higher readmission rates and medication errors.
60
True or False: Communication should only occur at admission and discharge.
False.
61
Fill in the blank: The literature review found that poor documentation at transitions of care is a key safety and quality issue for patients with _______.
[complex healthcare needs]
62
What is a ‘person-centred medical home’?
A model likely to play an increasingly important role in communication at transitions of care
## Footnote
This model emphasizes personalized healthcare and patient involvement.
63
What are some reported issues resulting from poor transition management?
* Medication error
* Misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis
* Lack of necessary support services
* Failure to follow up by appropriate clinicians
* Duplicated investigations
* Inappropriate treatment at end of life
64
What are some lasting effects of poor transitions of care?
* Patient inconvenience
* Readmission
* Patient, family and carer stress
* Severe disability
* Death
65
What is the importance of clarity in communication during transitions of care?
To ensure shared meanings of terms and the purpose of communication between acute hospitals and primary care sectors
## Footnote
Misunderstandings can lead to adverse outcomes.
66
Define discharge from an acute hospital.
The process of concluding an episode of inpatient care
## Footnote
It is not a single action but a process.
67
What is a referral in the context of healthcare?
The process of requesting the involvement of another clinician in the care of a patient
## Footnote
This can range from limited review to taking over overall care.
68
What does handover mean in healthcare?
The transfer of professional responsibility and accountability for aspects of patient care to another clinician or professional group
## Footnote
Handover can be temporary or permanent.
69
Who are considered higher risk patient groups during transitions of care?
* People with chronic and complex conditions
* People with serious mental illness
* People with dementia or cognitive impairment
* Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
* People living in rural and remote areas
* People who are homeless
* People with no regular general practitioner
* People using English as a second language
* People with identifiable diseases
* Frequent hospital users
* Young people transitioning to adult healthcare
70
What are some safety issues identified at transitions of care?
* Poorly defined models of person-centred care
* Poorly defined responsibility and accountability for communication
* Inadequate engagement of patients in care planning
* Limited access to complete health and social information
* Limited opportunities for medication reconciliation
* Inadequate discharge planning
71
What is a major consequence of poorly defined models of person-centred care?
Confusion about the purpose of communication between care teams
## Footnote
This leads to ineffective transitions of care.
72
What does the term 'duty of care' refer to in the context of transitions?
The responsibility to identify appropriate recipients of information and ensure critical communications are received and understood.
73
What challenges exist regarding access to health and social information?
* Information may not be electronic
* Clinical information systems may not be interoperable
* Datasets controlled by different organizations
74
What do consultation participants suggest regarding discharge summaries?
They have limited use because they are outdated, situation-specific, and time-limited
## Footnote
A need for tailored communication tools specific to transitions of care was expressed.
75
Fill in the blank: The discharge summary is one tool to communicate the patient's relevant recent history, current health status, and ongoing care plan to different clinicians, as well as to the patient and their _______.
carers
76
True or False: Communication at transitions of care is only the responsibility of healthcare providers.
False
77
What role do patients play in communication during transitions of care?
Patients should be well informed and fully involved in decision-making
## Footnote
Their knowledge of their condition is crucial for effective care.
78
What is suggested instead of a single communication at each transition of care?
A generic summary of all relevant information
## Footnote
This summary should be tailored to how the receiving clinician wants to view it.
79
What should be used when patients are discharged from an acute hospital?
A discharge plan detailing decisions made and reasons why
## Footnote
This helps transition responsibility for ongoing patient care.
80
What cultural divide exists between primary health care and hospitals?
Under-recognition of primary clinicians' information value and poor understanding of primary clinicians' information needs
## Footnote
This divide impacts care transitions.
81
What issues arise with interoperability and data access?
Worse when patient information crosses state and territory boundaries
## Footnote
Example: Patients from New South Wales receiving care in the Australian Capital Territory.
82
What uncertainty do primary clinicians face regarding hospital referrals?
Whether a referral has been lost or if waiting time is just long
## Footnote
This uncertainty can lead to concerns for primary clinicians.
83
What are the issues with referral letters from primary clinicians?
Often cannot be integrated into hospital records, resulting in lost information
## Footnote
Some primary clinicians do not write suitable referral letters.
84
What are the reasons for poor quality information across the continuum from admission to discharge?
* Hospital clinicians undervalue referral information * Inability to incorporate referral information due to interoperability issues * Poorly recorded social determinants of health * Incomplete discharge summary information
## Footnote
These factors contribute to incorrect patient information.
85
What is the ISBAR approach?
Identify, Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
## Footnote
This method is familiar to participants but not routinely applied in communications.
86
What are the problems associated with the content of hospital discharge summaries?
* Relevance of discharge information * Consistency of discharge information * Reliability of discharge information * Duplication of discharge information * Limitation of sensitive information * Security of sensitive information * Quality of discharge information
## Footnote
These issues affect the usefulness of discharge summaries for primary clinicians.
87
What are the suggested improvements for discharge planning?
Discharge planning should be based on understanding the patient's social and community circumstances and should start on admission
## Footnote
Poor discharge planning can lead to negative patient outcomes.
88
What is a major safety risk at the primary care – acute hospital interface?
Inadequate medication reconciliation
## Footnote
Confusion about medications can lead to dangerous situations for patients.
89
What are the suggested professional practice-based changes?
* Defining models of person-centred, team-based care * Defining roles and responsibilities of the healthcare team * Improving patient engagement
## Footnote
These changes aim to enhance communication and care quality.
90
What technological improvements are suggested for transitions of care?
* Improving interoperability of clinical systems * Enhancing access to structured information * Improving the security of communication systems * Allowing access to a reliable national clinician database
## Footnote
These improvements address the burden on clinicians and enhance patient care.
91
What is the concern regarding the governance of sensitive information?
Concerns about privacy of sensitive information in clinical information systems
## Footnote
This concern impacts communication quality and patient care.
92
What is a key issue with the mode of communication between hospitals and primary clinicians?
Much communication remains paper-based, leading to delays and potential loss of information
## Footnote
Electronic communication is not uniformly available across the healthcare system.
93
What do consultation participants suggest about automated notifications?
Automated notifications should be provided to primary clinicians during important transitions of care
## Footnote
This could improve communication and care continuity.
94
What is the issue with acknowledgment of handover of care?
No mechanism for confirming receipt and acceptance of follow-up requests
## Footnote
This can lead to serious patient safety risks.
95
What improvements are needed for medication information after discharge?
Patients often lack clear medication information upon discharge
## Footnote
Community pharmacists report confusion and difficulty in contacting hospital clinicians.
96
What are the barriers faced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients regarding prescriptions?
Difficulty in locating clinicians who can prescribe Section 100 medicines upon discharge
## Footnote
This issue affects access to necessary medications.
97
What is a common issue with the quality of discharge summaries in private hospitals?
Quality varies as treating specialists communicate differently with general practitioners
## Footnote
This inconsistency can lead to confusion and gaps in care.
98
Why is professional record keeping important?
It ensures high-quality communication at transitions of care
## Footnote
Professional record keeping helps to manage patient information effectively, reducing the risk of errors during transitions.
99
What role can peak professional bodies play in communication during transitions of care?
Reinforcing professional responsibility for ensuring high-quality communication
## Footnote
This can enhance the standard of care and improve patient outcomes.
100
What are the key elements that standards and guidelines should define for transition of care communications?
* What information is important
* When the information should be communicated
* How the information should be communicated
## Footnote
Clear guidelines help streamline the communication process and ensure that all necessary information is conveyed effectively.
101
What is a suggested improvement for clinician engagement during transitions of care?
Use of clinical information systems to acknowledge receipt of referrals and accept handovers
## Footnote
This can facilitate better coordination among healthcare providers.
102
What barriers exist for clinicians in acknowledging care handovers?
Practical barriers due to the number of clinicians involved
## Footnote
The complexity of care teams can hinder effective communication.
103
What is the potential benefit of using personal technologies like smartphone apps in healthcare?
* Develop health literacy
* Navigate the healthcare system
* Control the movement of their health information
## Footnote
These technologies can empower patients and enhance their involvement in their own care.
104
True or False: Consumers believe that inadequate patient engagement is a localized issue.
False
## Footnote
Consumers see it as a system-wide problem requiring major cultural change.
105
What is a major concern regarding clinical system interoperability?
Poor interoperability and commercial barriers to software development
## Footnote
These issues can prevent access to critical diagnostic and medication information.
106
What is necessary for improving access to structured information across healthcare systems?
Organizing and formatting clinical data effectively
## Footnote
Good indexing and succinct summaries are essential for clinician access to information.
107
How can communication security be improved in healthcare?
Using secure communication systems across the healthcare system
## Footnote
This prevents unauthorized access and ensures patient confidentiality.
108
What is a suggested infrastructure improvement for secure communication between providers?
A reliable national clinician database
## Footnote
This would facilitate better communication and coordination among healthcare providers.
109
What aids could support clinicians in patient identification?
* Simple data autopopulation tools
* Electronic prompts about common risks
## Footnote
These tools can streamline processes and enhance patient safety.
110
What is the purpose of the My Health Record system?
To improve communication and decrease safety risks at transitions of care
## Footnote
It serves as a centralized source of health information for patients.
111
What should be regularly audited to improve transitions of care?
The quality and timeliness of communications
## Footnote
Regular audits can help identify areas for improvement and enhance patient safety.
112
What are the consequences of poor-quality transitions of care?
Increased safety risks and serious adverse outcomes for patients
## Footnote
Effective transitions are critical for patient safety and care quality.
113
What cultural change is suggested to improve patient engagement?
A major cultural change is required across the healthcare system
## Footnote
This would address systemic barriers to patient involvement in care.
114
What is a limitation noted about the My Health Record system?
Considered a system in development, not a replacement for current communication methods
## Footnote
There are still practical limitations to its implementation.
115
What is a data dictionary?
A collection of metadata such as object name, data type, size, classification, and relationships with other data assets
## Footnote
A data dictionary acts as a reference guide on a dataset, helping teams understand data assets.
116
What is an enterprise data dictionary?
A compilation of metadata including object name, data type, size, classification, and relationships with other data assets, plus business metadata
## Footnote
It helps business teams understand and use a data set easily.
117
What is the difference between a business glossary and a data dictionary?
A business glossary covers business terminology for an entire organization, while a data dictionary focuses on technical metadata for data assets
## Footnote
A business glossary is a prerequisite for any data governance program.
118
What does a data catalog do?
Handles the indexing, inventorying, and classification of data assets across multiple data sources
## Footnote
A data catalog provides context on data by crawling data dictionaries and business glossaries.
119
What are some components of a data dictionary?
* Listing of data objects (names and definitions)
* Detailed properties of data elements (data type, size, nullability)
* Entity-relationship diagrams
* Reference data and missing data codes
* Business rules for validation
## Footnote
It may also include data source information, creation dates, descriptive statistics, and social metadata.
120
What are the key benefits of a data dictionary?
* Detect anomalies quickly
* Get more trustworthy data
* Establish consistent processes
* Build transparency and enable self-serve
## Footnote
These benefits help teams analyze and discuss data more effectively.
121
How does a data dictionary help in detecting anomalies?
It displays descriptive statistics that help spot inaccuracies or inconsistencies in data
## Footnote
Metrics include minimum, maximum, count, frequency, mean, and median.
122
What is the primary goal of a data dictionary?
To help data teams understand data assets
## Footnote
It acts as a centralized repository for relevant metadata.
123
Fill in the blank: A business glossary is a _______ of business terms, KPIs, metrics, and definitions.
centralized repository
124
True or False: A data catalog is only focused on technical metadata.
False
## Footnote
A data catalog also provides context on business and operational metadata.
125
What should a data dictionary contain according to OSF recommendations?
* Name, definition, and description of each variable
* Synonyms and associated variables
* Measurement units
* Accepted values range
## Footnote
This helps avoid questions about variable meanings and ideal values.
126
What is the purpose of a data dictionary?
To avoid confusion about variable meanings and ideal values for fields.
127
What are the key components that should be included in a data dictionary?
* Name, definition, and description of each variable
* Synonyms and associated variables
* Measurement units
* Range of accepted values, including minimum and maximum values
128
What questions should you ask your data team before building a data dictionary?
* What does each variable/element mean?
* Who collected your data?
* Who has interacted with your data?
* Who oversees changes made to your data?
* How did you collect each variable?
129
What are the best practices for describing variables in a data dictionary?
* Start with basic information about the data
* Describe each component of the dataset
* Enable versioning
130
What basic information should each data dictionary include?
* Creator or owner of the data dictionary
* Title
* Date of publishing
* Metrics or descriptive statistics
* Purpose of data collection
* Methodologies or assumptions used
131
What should be described for each component of the dataset?
* Component name
* Full human-readable name
* Units of measure and precision
* Format of the data element
* Valid values for numeric components
* Codes or abbreviations used
* Source of the data element
* Data validation or quality control processes
132
What is the benefit of enabling versioning in a data dictionary?
To keep track of changes over time.
133
What capabilities should you look for in a data dictionary tool?
* Define technical terms
* Set up data definitions and descriptions
* Group elements into categories
* Search by entry name
* List related elements
* Track activity and changes
* Send notifications for major changes
134
How does Atlan enhance customer experience with its data dictionary?
* Links business terms to data assets
* Provides comprehensive context
* Suggests descriptions and assists with SQL queries
* Supports collaboration for metric alignment
135
What is a data dictionary?
A repository that stores metadata about database elements, including object names, data types, sizes, classification, and relationships.
136
Why is a data dictionary important?
It maintains data consistency and ensures correct interpretation by defining attributes, formats, and rules.
137
How can you create a data dictionary?
Manually or using automated tools that generate it from a database.
138
What are common elements of a data dictionary?
* Object names
* Definitions
* Data types
* Sizes
* Valid values
* Relationships
* Business rules for validation
139
Can a data dictionary be automated?
Yes, with modern tools and platforms.
140
Fill in the blank: A data dictionary maintains data _______.
consistency
141
True or False: A data dictionary should not include the owner of the data.
False
142
What is the main goal of the National Primary Health Care Data Collection (NPHCDC)?
To fill existing data and information gaps relating to primary health care.
## Footnote
The NPHCDC aims to improve population health monitoring, research, policy, and planning.
143
What is a key component of the NPHCDC's value?
It will be an accessible and value-added source of information for policy makers, researchers, and the public.
## Footnote
This supports the evidence base underpinning research and policy, including primary health care reform.
144
What does the Strengthening Medicare Taskforce report emphasize about data collection?
Investment in a nationally consistent data collection can lift the performance of the whole health system.
## Footnote
This enables targeted interventions that deliver better health outcomes.
145
What will the initial scope of the NPHCDC focus on?
The collection, analysis, and reporting of general practice data.
## Footnote
There is a plan to develop and incorporate broader primary health care data, including nursing and allied health.
146
What is essential for effective primary health care data governance?
Strong foundations to support the input and extraction of primary health care data.
## Footnote
This is necessary to inform evidence-based decisions about health care delivery.
147
True or False: The NPHCDC aims to duplicate existing data collections.
False.
## Footnote
The NPHCDC will not compete with established governance arrangements and will utilize existing frameworks.
148
What will the NPHCDC include to ensure data integrity?
Coherent and relevant analytical and reporting outputs underpinned by transparent data governance and standards.
## Footnote
This ensures the data collected is reliable and useful.
149
Fill in the blank: The NPHCDC will enable data ________, analysis, and outcome reporting.
linkage
## Footnote
Data linkage is crucial for comprehensive health care data analysis.
150
Who are the stakeholders involved in the NPHCDC?
Federal and state/territory governments, Primary Health Networks (PHNs), general practice, allied health, professional bodies, research organizations, software vendors, and health consumers.
## Footnote
Ongoing engagement with these stakeholders ensures the NPHCDC's value and utility.
151
What is a key aspect of the NPHCDC's design regarding existing data?
It will align with existing standards to ensure comparability and interoperability.
## Footnote
This prevents redundancy and enhances the utility of the collected data.
152
What is a known gap in primary health care data that the NPHCDC aims to address?
Nationally consistent primary health care data.
## Footnote
This gap hinders effective population health monitoring and policy planning.
153
What is considered one of the most essential and promising future technology areas in healthcare?
Big data
## Footnote
Big data has the potential to improve patient outcomes, personalize care, and decrease hospital costs.
154
What are some benefits of big data in healthcare?
* Improve patient outcomes
* Personalize care
* Improve relationships between patient and provider
* Decrease hospital costs
155
What is essential for spreading healthcare according to the review?
* Assembling health information
* Sharing data
* Integrating health
156
What are critical aspects of managing big data in healthcare?
* Security
* Privacy
157
What is the main focus of big data analytics in healthcare?
To gather more information and insights from data
158
Fill in the blank: The transition to an integrated data environment is a recognized ______ in big data analytics.
hurdle
159
What types of healthcare data are mentioned in the literature review?
* Biomedical signals
* Genomic data
* Sensing data
* Biomedical images
* Social media
160
What diagnostic methods are used for diabetes mellitus?
* Scale-based
* Frequency-based
161
True or False: HCI&A 1.0 is characterized by organized, homogeneous data stored in relational database management systems.
True
162
What are the goals of the Patient Order Management and Communication System (POMCS) at Coral Gables Variety Children's Hospital?
* Raise income
* Increase employee productivity
* Save money
163
What does big data typically express in information technology?
Enormous data that are too big and hard to deal with by traditional databases
164
What is a primary function of the warehouse in big data?
Structured data analysis
165
What is one significant problem associated with big data?
Inappropriate quality of data
166
Name two tools used for data storage and processing in big data healthcare.
* Apache Spark
* Hadoop HDFS
167
What is the role of machine learning algorithms in big data healthcare?
Patient classification and disease diagnosis
168
Fill in the blank: The ______ framework is known for its ability to manage large amounts of data through distributed processing.
Hadoop
169
What are common data retrieval tools mentioned for healthcare data?
* Hive
* Spark SQL
170
What is the impact of the aging population on healthcare costs?
Elevated healthcare costs
171
What is the significance of wearable medical equipment in healthcare?
Records data continuously and requires fast processing
172
What is the main challenge of integrating healthcare data?
Inadequate computable joined data or integration
173
What does clinical text mining do?
Converts data from practical medical notes from disorganized format to applicable information
174
What is the effect of social network analytics in healthcare?
Helps discover new health methods and global health issues based on social media
175
What does predictive analytics help pharmacists understand?
Side effects and risks of medications
176
What is the role of cloud computing in healthcare data?
Analyzes and stores health data
177
What is the primary focus of Flatiron Health?
Utilizing data from cancer patients to develop research and improve patient care
## Footnote
Flatiron Health enhances learning for oncologists and researchers.
178
What type of data does Tempus collect and organize?
Clinical and molecular data related to oncology, including pathology images, lab results, and clinical notes
## Footnote
Tempus aims to provide more clinical context for cancer patients.
179
What is the Rothman index used for?
Creating a universal scoring system for overall patient health based on electronic healthcare data
## Footnote
It helps recognize changes in patients' health in real-time.
180
What does Amitech focus on in healthcare?
Applying health data from modern data management to healthcare analytics
## Footnote
Amitech collects both physical and behavioral health data.
181
What is SCIO Health's primary function?
Improving patient health by using integrated data and proprietary algorithms
## Footnote
It detects care gaps that worsen health outcomes.
182
What is the main application of Hortonworks in healthcare?
Utilizing pharmaceutical data for better insights in clinical trials and research
## Footnote
It helps improve research effectiveness and safety.
183
What are the four critical areas of big data analytics?
* Model development
* Business models
* Data management
* Visualization
## Footnote
These areas are essential for analyzing big data in healthcare.
184
True or False: Conventional database systems are sufficient for processing big data in healthcare.
False
## Footnote
The massive volume of healthcare data requires more advanced solutions.
185
What are some challenges of big data in healthcare?
* Analyzing unstructured data
* Data integration
* Data storage
* Privacy and security issues
## Footnote
These challenges complicate the use of big data in healthcare systems.
186
Fill in the blank: The lack of _______ is a significant fault in big data healthcare.
privacy
## Footnote
Privacy risks increase as big data accesses more personal information.
187
What is one benefit of cloud computing in healthcare?
Facilitates data mining and sharing
## Footnote
However, it also raises privacy risks.
188
What is telepathology?
A service combining robotic microscopy and broadband telecommunications for remote pathology analysis
## Footnote
It allows for teleconsultation and remote diagnosis.
189
What type of data do intelligent healthcare applications primarily generate?
Unstructured data
## Footnote
This data is difficult to process and analyze manually.
190
What is the significance of predictive analytics in healthcare?
Enhances clinical outcomes by integrating structured and unstructured EHR data
## Footnote
It helps in extracting clinical events effectively.
191
What are some quality parameters for assessing data quality?
* Correctness
* Completeness
* Consistency
* Timeliness
* Objectivity
* Interpretability
* Accessibility
## Footnote
These parameters are essential for ensuring high-quality data in healthcare.
192
What does the term 'smart care' refer to in healthcare?
Innovative approaches to healthcare delivery that integrate technology and data
## Footnote
Smart care aims to enhance patient outcomes and efficiency.
193
What are the symptoms of a stroke?
* Loss of equilibrium
* Facial weakness
* Numbness on one side
* Difficulty speaking
* Blurred vision
* Vertigo
## Footnote
These symptoms require immediate medical attention.
194
What technology can be used to monitor lung cancer symptoms?
Pressure, temperature, and acceleration sensors
## Footnote
These sensors help in detecting chronic coughing and other symptoms.
195
What is the role of machine learning in healthcare data management?
Processing large amounts of data based on artificial intelligence methods
## Footnote
Machine learning can enhance the management of biomedical data.
196
What are the key quality parameters used to assess significant data quality?
Correctness, completeness, consistency, timeliness, objectivity, interpretability, accessibility
## Footnote
These parameters help enhance data quality in various contexts.
197
What challenges do unstructured, heterogeneous, and noisy data present?
Heterogeneity, lack of structure, noise, lack of a preset model
## Footnote
These factors complicate the assessment and enhancement of data quality.
198
How does social media analytics contribute to understanding healthcare?
Helps to understand society's most prevalent illnesses
## Footnote
It provides insights into psychological disorders and health trends.
199
Why do social media analytics face quality issues?
Postings, reviews, and comments cannot be standardized
## Footnote
This lack of standardization leads to various linguistic issues that impede analytics.
200
What is one method suggested to increase analytical efficiency in social media?
Using hashtags
## Footnote
Hashtags can help categorize and improve the searchability of data.
201
What knowledge is necessary for understanding healthcare social media better?
Computer, media, and healthcare knowledge
## Footnote
This knowledge helps in interpreting data effectively.
202
What are two essential processes in effective healthcare analytics?
Database aggregation, data cleansing
## Footnote
These processes help reduce data heterogeneity and improve data quality.
203
What are some key obstacles in big data analytics in healthcare?
Shift to an integrated data environment, privacy, and security
## Footnote
These obstacles hinder the effective use of big data technologies.
204
What are common challenges faced in big data across various fields?
Storing, searching, capturing, sharing, analyzing data
## Footnote
These challenges are critical in managing big data effectively.
205
What are some additional challenges specific to healthcare big data?
Real-time processing, data quality, privacy and security, heterogeneous data, healthcare data standards
## Footnote
These challenges are particularly relevant in healthcare systems.
206
What is the main aim of big data in healthcare?
Gaining more information, gaining insights, predicting future healthcare market data
## Footnote
This aim reflects the potential of big data to transform healthcare decision-making.
207
True or False: Big data analytics has shown improvement effects on healthcare industry decisions.
True
## Footnote
The rapid growth of analytics has led to better decision-making in healthcare.
208
What has driven computational experts to design strategies for data interpretation in healthcare?
Exponential growth of medical data from different domains
## Footnote
This growth necessitates effective strategies to manage and analyze vast amounts of data.
209
What does the term 'big healthcare data' imply regarding security and privacy?
Preserving security and privacy is a major concern
## Footnote
This emphasizes the importance of protecting sensitive health information in big data contexts.
210
What does the phrase 'No big data without small data' suggest?
Learning health care systems begin and end with the individual patient
## Footnote
This highlights the importance of individual data in the broader context of big data.
211
Fill in the blank: One of the quality parameters for data quality is _______.
Correctness
212
What is a well-known obstacle to overcome in big data analytics?
Integrated data environment
## Footnote
Transitioning to an integrated system is crucial for leveraging big data.
