F.6 Information structure and design Flashcards
Appraise the structure and design of health information in different use contexts.
What does the term ‘appraise’ mean in the context of health informatics?
To evaluate the worth, significance, or status of health information structures and designs
‘Evaluate’ suggests determining relative or intrinsic worth in non-monetary terms.
What must health informaticians determine regarding health information structures and designs?
They must determine:
* Fit for particular use cases
* Which alternatives are more advantageous for specific use cases
What is data design in software engineering?
The first of a series of design activities leading to a model of a system or product
It follows an analysis of requirements.
What are data objects in the context of data design?
Data entities or concepts with common properties stored and operated upon during software program execution
Examples include actors, roles, and events.
What are attributes in data design?
Descriptions of the properties of data objects
Examples include first name, last name, date of birth, and gender.
What do relationships in data design describe?
How different data objects may be associated or related to their attributes
What are data types in data design?
Specific categorizations of data, such as:
* Alphanumeric
* Date/time
* Time-series
What are data structures in data design?
Specific ways of organizing data in computer programs for efficient and effective use
What is the significance of ‘different use contexts’ in health informatics?
Relates to the uses of data and technicalities of software programming
Fill in the blank: A ‘stack’ is a data structure that operates on a ______ method.
last in, first out (LIFO)
Fill in the blank: A ‘queue’ is a data structure that operates on a ______ method.
first in, first out (FIFO)
What does ‘fitness for purpose’ mean in health informatics?
Evaluating the intrinsic or relative fitness for the purposes of health information
What are some characteristics associated with fitness for purpose?
- Provenance
- Institutional environment
- Relevance
- Completeness and validity
- Timeliness
- Accuracy and precision
- Coherence
- Interpretability
- Accessibility
What does ‘provenance’ refer to in health information?
Documentation of the origin and processes by which information was produced
What does the institutional environment influence in health information?
Effectiveness and credibility of the entity generating the information
What does ‘relevance’ mean in the context of health information?
How well the information meets the needs of its users
What is the difference between completeness and validity in health information?
Completeness refers to presence of information; validity refers to conformance to specifications
What does ‘timeliness’ refer to in health information?
Duration between the reference period and the date the data becomes available
What do accuracy and precision measure in health information?
Accuracy measures correctness; precision measures consistency of measurement
What does ‘coherence’ refer to in health information?
Internal consistency and comparability with other sources of information
What is ‘interpretability’ in health information?
The extent to which users can understand information appropriately and unambiguously
What does ‘accessibility’ refer to in health information?
Ease of discovery and access to information by users
What is a common issue with data quality in various industries?
Nearly half of newly-created data records have at least one critical error
What is a key step in appraising health information?
Confirming and validating different use contexts
