Final ch 6

Question 1

Norms

Answer 1

expectations governing group members behaviours

Question 2

Influence of norms

Answer 2

we tend to follow the behaviour of others

Question 3

Group size

Answer 3

the larger the group the more pressure to conform

Question 4

social impact theory

Answer 4

-The first person added has the most impact. Diminishing impact for each member

Question 5

social influence model

Answer 5

-The third of fourth member have the most impact

Question 6

Informational influence

Answer 6

Individuals conform to the beliefs, opinions, or baheviours of others because they think they know more

Question 7

Normative influence

Answer 7

wanting to be liked to fit in , not caring to be right

Question 8

Moral convictions and resistence

Answer 8

-people with strong beliefs are less likely to be swayed by group pressure because their morals over ppower it

Question 9

power of a second dissenter

Answer 9

-if just one other person stands with you, resisting becomes much easier

Question 10

members tend to value groups when invitations are intense

Answer 10

cults and indoctrination

Question 11

burkes concept of identification

Answer 11

-this happens when people see themselves as part of a group due to shared meanings, values or goals.

Question 12

3 types of reference groups

Answer 12

-regular
-aspirational
-dissociative: groups we avoid

Question 13

is the belief that one’s own culture, ethnicity, or group is superior to others.

Answer 13

Ethnocentrisim

Question 14

Tolereance for Ambiguity:
- Cultures with high uncertainty avoidance
-Cultures with low uncertainty avoidance

Answer 14

-prefer structure and clear rules
-more open to ambiguity, change and new ideas

Question 15

people look to others behaviour to determine what is correct or desirable in a given situation. Example?

Answer 15

Social proof.
Trends, badwagon

Question 16

ostracism
example

Answer 16

-groups may shun or exlude members
-silent treatment, left out, bullying

Question 17

effects of ostracism

Answer 17

-reduced self esteem, resentment

Question 18

loss of self awareness in groups

Answer 18

-deindividuation
-May encourage rule breaking behaviour, vandalism, hooligans

Question 19

social loafing

Answer 19

-reducing ones effort when working in a group

Question 20

risky shift phenomenon

Answer 20

-groups sometimes make risker decsions than individuals.

Question 21

group members switch to riskier options to stand out

Answer 21

social comparasion theory

Question 22

group members with extreme positions argue harder

Answer 22

persuasive arguments