Grammer Flashcards
(99 cards)
الگوی جملهی ساده
قید زمان قید مکان قید حالت مفعول فعل فاعل
Subjective pronouns
I, you, he/she/it
We , you , they
Subjective pronouns
موارد استفاده (۳تا)
.فاعل یک فعل
they sell
.بعد از فعل to be
It was he who answered
.بعد از as و than
She is not as tired as he
فعلهای لازم ( ترجمه)
Intransitive
” vi “ : فعل لازم
فعلهای متعددی (ترجمه)
Transitive verbs
vt : فعل متعدى
Objective pronouns
Me, you, him/her/it
Us, you, them
موارد استفاده objective pronouns
(٦ مورد)
۱. مفعول فعل
I told him the news
۲.مفعول يك حرف اضافه
Between you and me, the economic situation looks very bad
٣.مفعول يك مصدر
He wasn’t sure, but it appeard to be her
۴. فاعل يك مصدر
We asked him to bring salad
۵.ضمير فاعلى وقتى تنها به كار مىرود
Who invited Mattew? Me/ l did
۶. بعد از to be در حالت غیر رسمی
It wasn’t us who caused all the trouble
قید حالت
Adverb of manner:
Carefully, slowly, fast
قید مکان
Adverb of place:
Here, there, at home, in the class
قید زمان
Adverb of time:
Now, yesterday
صفات ملکی
Possessive adjectives
My, your, his/her/its
Our, your, their
قوانین possesive adj
(۳)
۱.به تنهایی نمیآیند، همیشه همراه با اسم یا اسم مصدر
My friend know my father
۲. باید منطبق با شخص، جنسیت و تعداد اسم باشند
Ted reminded us to register.We appreciated his reminding us
۳.معمولا با اسامی اعضای مختلف بدن و پوشاک به کار میروند
I’ve hurt my back
He just stood there with his hands in his pockets
بعد از to be به عنوان کامل کننده جمله (۳)
- Noun: I am a teacer
- Adj : she is young
- Prepositional phrase
(عبارتی همراه با ح اضافه)
She is at the library
در فرم استمراری to be
رفتاری موقتی
You are being stupid
بعد از افعال اصلی و کمکی am/is/are :
They are here
They are like TO BE here
They can BE here
در زمانهای استمراری و مجهول am/is/are :
فعل کمکی است
Mary is writing a letter
That letter is written by Alice
Complement
complement (to something) a thing that adds new qualities to something in a way that improves it or makes it more attractive
the complete number or quantity needed or allowed
We’ve taken our full complement of trainees this year
(grammar) a word or phrase, especially an adjective or a noun, that is used after linking verbs such as be and become, and describes the subject of the verb. In some descriptions of grammar it is used to refer to any word or phrase which is governed by a verb and usually comes after the verb in a sentence.
In the sentences ‘I’m angry’ and ‘He became a politician’, ‘angry’ and ‘politician’ are complements.
مسند، مکمل
اسم، صفت، ضمیر یا عبارتی که جهت تکمیل قسمت خبر predicate به کار میرود
افعال کمکی
Auxiliary verb
معمولا همراه فعل دیگری به کار میروند، نشاندهنده وجه، زمان، شخص جمله هستند
.am,is,are
.can/could
.may/might
.shall/should
.will/would
.do/does,did
.have/has,had
.must
.ought
.used
.need
.dare
.had better
.would rather
interrogative
(Adj.)
(formal) asking a question; in the form of a question
an interrogative gesture/remark/sentence
(grammar) used in questions
interrogative pronouns/determiners/adverbs (= for example, who, which and why)
منفى كردن مصدر
قبل از toی مصدر not
They told us to relax and not to worry
منفى كردن اسم
قبل از اسم no به عنوان صفت به كار مىرود
There is no charge for towels at the pool
فرم منفی سوالی (۳)
دریافت تایید
Isn’t she the woman whom you met last week
ابراز شکایت
Can’t you be quiet? I’m trying to work
قبل از فاعل not به صورت کامل قرار نمیگیرد
جمله با بیش از دو فعل
فعل دوم مصدر میشود
بعد از فعل اصلی مصدر با to:
They want to work here
بعد از فعل کمکی مصدر بدون to:
They can work here
*مصدر استمرارو يا كامل:
I pretended to be reading the newspaper.
You seem to have lost weight
*ممكن است to با قيد از بقيه مصدر جدا شود
I’d like to really understand philosophy
Would you mind
براى درخواست انجام عمل
فعل به شكل اسم مصدر
Would you mind closing the window?
No, I’d be happy to
Not at all, l’d be glad to