4 Flashcards

(355 cards)

1
Q

Sanative

A

(Adj.)

Curative, therapeutic, having healing qualities

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2
Q

Abrupt

A

(Adj.)

Sudden and unexpected
come to an abrupt end/ halt etc

Seeming rude and unfriendly, especially because you do not waste time in friendly conversation

abruptly adverb
abruptness noun
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3
Q

Acclime

A

(V.)

To praise someone or something publicly

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4
Q

Twist

A

(V.)
To turn a part of your body around or change your position by turning

If you twist your mouth or features, you smile in an unpleasant way or look angry, disapproving etc

To bend or turn something, such as wire, hair, or cloth, into a particular shape

To wind something around or through an object

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5
Q

Opponent

A

(N.)
Someone who you try to defeat in a competition, game, fight, or argument
leading/ main/ chief opponent
formidable/ worthy opponent

Someone who disagrees with a plan, idea, or system and wants to try to stop or change it
OPP proponent
opponent of
bitter/ vocal/ outspoken opponent

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6
Q

Conflict

A
(N.)
A state of disagreement or argument between people, groups, countries etc
conflict over
conflict between
in conflict with somebody
political/ social/ industrial conflict

A situation in which you have to choose between two or more opposite needs, influences etc
conflict between
in conflict with something

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7
Q

Squirrel

A

(N.)

A small animal with a long furry tail that climbs trees and eats nuts

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8
Q

Faculity

A

(N.)
A department or group of related departments within a university>school
faculty of

All the teachers in a university

A natural ability, such as the ability to see, hear, or think clearly

(formal) A particular skill that someone has
SYN talent

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9
Q

Dozen

A

Number

twelve

two three four etc dozen =24, 36, 48 etc
dozens of people/ companies/ cars etc

(informal) a lot of
a dozen
dozens of something

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10
Q

Sum

A

(N.)
An amount of money

A simple calculation by adding, multiplying, dividing etc, especially one done by children at school

The sum of something:the total produced when you add two or more numbers or amounts together

greater/ more/ better etc than the sum of its parts:having a quality or effectiveness as a group that you would not expect from the quality of each member

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11
Q

Uncanny

A

(Adj.)

Very strange and difficult to explain

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12
Q

Autonomous

A

(Adj.)
An autonomous place or organization is free to govern or control itself
SYN independent
an autonomous region/ state/ republic etc

(formal) Having the ability to work and make decisions by yourself without any help from anyone else
SYN independent

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13
Q

Craggy

A

(Adj.)
A mountain that is craggy is very steep and covered in rough rocks

Having a face with many deep lines on it

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14
Q

Minus

A

Preposition

Used to show that one number or quantity is being subtracted from another
OPP plus

(informal) Without something that would normally be there, or that used to be there

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15
Q

Multiply

A
(V.)
To do a calculation in which you add a number to itself a particular number of times
>divide
multiply something by something

To increase by a large amount or number, or to make something do this

Breed
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16
Q

Divided by

A

(V.)
If something divides, or if you divide it, it separates into two or more parts
divide something into something
divide into

(also divide off) To keep two areas separate from each other
divide something from something

To calculate how many times one number contains a smaller number
>multiply
divide something by something

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17
Q

Equal

A

(V.)
To be exactly the same in size, number, or amount as something else

To be as good as something else, or get to the same standard as someone or something else

Be equalled (only) by something:used to say that two things are as strong or as important as each other

To produce a particular result or effect

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18
Q

Dye

A

(V.)

To give something a different colour using a dye
dye something black/ blue/ blonde etc

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19
Q

Tough

A

(Adj.)
Difficult to do or deal with

Physically or emotionally strong and able to deal with difficult situations

Not easily broken or made weaker

Very strict or firm

A tough part of a town has a lot of crime or violence

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20
Q

Though

A

Conjunction

Used to introduce a statement that makes the main statement coming after it seem surprising, unlikely, or unexpected
SYN although

Used like but to add a fact or opinion that makes what you have just said seem less definite, less important etc

as though
in a way that makes you think something is true
SYN as if
in a way that might make you think something was true, although you know it is not true
SYN as if

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21
Q

Cantaloupe

Cantaloup

A

(N.)

A type of melon with a hard green skin and sweet orange flesh

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22
Q

Instant

A

(Adj.)

Happening or produced immediately
SYN immediate

Instant food, coffee etc is in the form of powder and prepared by adding hot water

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23
Q

Instance

A
(N.)
For instance
for example
مثلا
به عنوان نمونه

An example of a particular kind of situation
instance of
instance where/ when

In the first instance: at the beginning of a series of actions

At somebody’s instance (formal): because of someone’s wish or request

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24
Q

Withdraw

A

(V.)
(withdrew, withdrawn)

To stop taking part in an activity, belonging to an organization etc, or to make someone do this

To stop giving support or money to someone or something, especially as the result of an official decision

If you withdraw a threat, offer, request etc, you say that you no longer will do what you said

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25
Despite
Preposition Used to say that something happens or is true even though something else might have prevented it SYN in spite of despite the fact (that) Despite yourself: if you do something despite yourself, you do it although you did not intend to
26
Hypothetical
(Adj.) Based on a situation that is not real, but that might happen hypothetical situation/ example/ question >imaginary hypothetically adverb
27
Take up
Phrasal verb Start a new hobby Sam has taken up jogging, he likes it.
28
Take on
Phrasal verb To empoly or hire Our company took on new workman.
29
Take over
Phrasal verb Get control of something Our company was taken over by our rival.
30
Take back
Phrasal verb Return something to the place where it was bought I took that TV-set back.
31
Take down
Phrasal verb Write down The students took down the lecture
32
Take off
Phrasal verb To rise into the air or begin flight The plane took off on time
33
Take in
Phrasal verb To understand It was a difficult to take in all he said.
34
Take after
Phrasal verb Resemble in character or appearance He takes after his father
35
Instead
(Adv.) Instead of somebody/something: used to say what is not used, does not happen etc, when something else is used, happens etc Used to say what is done, when you have just said that a particular thing is not done
36
Rewrite
(V.) To change something that has been written, especially in order to improve it, or because new information is available SYN revise rewrite noun
37
Essay
(N.) A short piece of writing about a particular subject by a student as part of a course of study essay on/about A short piece of writing giving someone's ideas about politics, society etc essay on (formal) An attempt to do something
38
Grammar
(N.) The rules by which words change their forms and are combined into sentences, or the study or use of these rules A particular description of grammar or a book that describes grammar rules
39
Clarity
(N.) The clarity of a piece of writing, law, argument etc is its quality of being expressed clearly >clear The ability to think, understand, or remember something clearly >clear clarity of vision/purpose/thought etc The quality of being clear and easy to see or hear >clear
40
Vague
(Adj.) Unclear because someone does not give enough detailed information or does not say exactly what they mean vague about have a vague idea/feeling/recollection etc (that): to think that something might be true or that you remember something, although you cannot be sure Not having a clear shape or form SYN indistinct   vagueness noun
41
Coherence | Coherency
(N.) When something such as a piece of writing is easy to understand because its parts are connected in a clear and reasonable way If a group has coherence, its members are connected or united because they share common aims, qualities, or beliefs
42
Clause
(N.) A part of a written law or legal document covering a particular subject of the whole law or document (technical) A group of words that contains a subject and a verb, but which is usually only part of a sentence
43
Tighten up
Phrasal verb If a team or group tightens up, they start working together more effectively tighten something ↔ up
44
Aim
``` (V.) To try or intend to achieve something aim to do something (be) aimed at doing something aim for ``` Aim something at somebody: to say or do something that is intended for a particular person or group of people To choose the place, person etc that you want to hit or reach and point a weapon or another object towards them  aim at/for
45
Yield
(V.) To produce a result, answer, or piece of information To produce crops, profits etc To allow yourself to be forced or persuaded to do something or stop having something To allow other traffic on a bigger road to go first SYN give way To move, bend, or break because of physical force or pressure SYN give To stop fighting and accept defeat SYN surrender
46
Concise
(Adj.) Short, with no unnecessary words SYN brief Shorter than the original book on which something is based concisely adverb conciseness noun
47
Succinct
(Adj.) Clearly expressed in a few words – use this to show approval SYN concise succinctly adv succinctness noun
48
Break out
Phrasal verb If something unpleasant such as a fire, fight, or war breaks out, it starts to happen To escape from a prison break out of To change the way you live because you feel bored break out of break out in spots/a rash/a sweat etc if you break out in spots etc, they appear on your skin
49
Ease
(V.) If something unpleasant eases, or if you ease it, it gradually improves or becomes less ease the pain/stress/tension ease the pressure/burden To make a process happen more easily SYN smooth To move yourself or something slowly and carefully into another place or position  ease yourself into/through etc something ease your way past/through etc something
50
Eliminate
(V.) To completely get rid of something that is unnecessary or unwanted >eradicate To defeat a team or person in a competition, so that they no longer take part in it SYN knock out To kill someone in order to prevent them from causing trouble
51
Envisage
(V.) To think that something is likely to happen in the future   envisage doing something
52
Erupt
(V.) If fighting, violence, noise etc erupts, it starts suddenly SYN break out If a volcano erupts, it explodes and sends smoke, fire, and rock into the sky ``` If a place or situation erupts, there is a sudden increase in activity or emotion erupt into   Erupt into laughter/shouting etc: to suddenly start laughing, shouting etc ``` If spots erupt on your body, they suddenly appear on your skin eruption noun
53
Evade
(V.) To avoid talking about something, especially because you are trying to hide something evasion To not do or deal with something that you should do To avoid paying money that you ought to pay, for example tax To escape from someone who is trying to catch you (formal) if something evades you, you cannot do it or understand it SYN elude
54
Fabricate
(V.) To invent a story, piece of information etc in order to deceive someone (technical) To make or produce goods or equipment SYN manufacture
55
Facilitate
(V.) (formal) To make it easier for a process or activity to happen   facilitation noun
56
Wee
(Adj.) (informal) Very small – used especially in Scottish English A wee bit (informal): to a small degree The wee (small) hours (AmE): The early hours of the morning, just after 12 o'clock at night SYN the small hours (BrE)
57
Skimpy
(Adj.) A skimpy dress or skirt etc is very short and does not cover very much of a woman's body Not enough of something
58
Dreadful
(Adj.) Extremely unpleasant SYN terrible Used to emphasize how bad something or someone is SYN terrible
59
Rotten
(Adj.) Badly decayed and no longer good to use (informal) Very bad SYN terrible (informal) If someone is rotten, they are unpleasant, unkind, or dishonest Feel rotten: a) To feel ill b) To feel unhappy and guilty about something rottenness noun
60
Marvellous (BrE) | Marvelous (AmE)
(Adj.) Extremely good, enjoyable, impressive etc SYN wonderful marvellously adverb
61
Gigantic
(Adj.) Extremely big SYN huge gigantically adverb
62
Immense
(Adj.) Extremely large SYN enormous
63
Lousy
``` (Adj.) (especially spoken) Of very bad quality SYN awful, terrible ``` (spoken) Feel lousy if you feel lousy, you feel ill (spoken) Not very good at doing something SYN hopeless, terrible lousy at with (spoken) Small, useless, or unimportant be lousy with something (AmE) (old-fashioned) a) a place that is lousy with people of a particular kind is too full of them b)someone who is lousy with money has a lot more of it than they need
64
Demonstrate
(V.) To show or prove something clearly demonstrate that demonstrate how/what/why etc To show or describe how to do something or how something works demonstrate how To protest or support something in public with a lot of other people demonstrate against To show that you have a particular ability, quality, or feeling
65
Paramount
(Adj.) (formal) More important than anything else paramountcy noun
66
Read something back
phrasal verb To read out loud something that you have just written down [+ to]
67
Read something into something
Phrasal verb To think that a situation, action etc has a meaning or importance that it does not really have
68
Read for something
Phrasal verb To say some of the words that are said by a particular character in a play, as a test of your ability to act
69
Read something through/over
Phrasal verb To read something carefully from beginning to end in order to check details or find mistakes SYN check over/through
70
Faithful
(Adj.) Remaining loyal to a particular person, belief, political party etc and continuing to support them faithful to Representing an event or an image in a way that is exactly true or that looks exactly the same SYN exact If you are faithful to your wife, boyfriend etc, you do not have a sexual relationship with anyone else Able to be trusted or depended on SYN reliable faithfulness noun
71
Audience
(N.) A group of people who come to watch and listen to someone speaking or performing in public  audience of The people who watch or listen to a particular programme, or who see or hear a particular artist's, writer's etc work target audience = the type of people that a programme, advertisement etc is supposed to attract
72
Sympathize
(V.) To feel sorry for someone because you understand their problems sympathize with To support someone's ideas or actions
73
Indeed
(Adv.) Used to emphasize a statement or answer (formal) Used to introduce an additional statement that emphasizes or supports what you have just said 
74
Virtue
(N.) (formal) moral goodness of character and behaviour OPP vice A particular good quality in someone's character An advantage that makes something better or more useful than something else virtue of by virtue of something (formal)= by means of, or as a result of something make a virtue of something= to get an advantage from a situation that you cannot change, usually a bad one make a virtue of necessity= to get an advantage from doing something that you have to do, or to pretend that you are doing it willingly
75
Narrative
(N.) (formal) A description of events in a story, especially in a novel The process or skill of telling a story narrative adjective
76
Brief
(Adj.) Continuing for a short time >brevity a brief period/moment/spell etc Using very few words or including few details be brief= to say or write something using only a few words, especially because there is little time Clothes that are brief are short and cover only a small area of your body
77
Approachable
(Adj.) Friendly and easy to talk to OPP unapproachable
78
Countdown
(N.) The period of time before something happens, such as a spacecraft being launched, when someone counts backwards until the event happens The period of time before an important event, when people become more and more excited about it countdown to
79
Come out
Phrasal verb If something comes out, it is removed from a place If information comes out, people learn about it, especially after it has been kept secret If a photograph comes out, it shows a clear picture If a book, record etc comes out, it becomes publicly available
80
Trailer
(N.) A vehicle that can be pulled behind another vehicle, used for carrying something heavy ``` (AmE) A vehicle that can be pulled behind a car, used for living and sleeping in during a holiday SYN caravan (BrE) ``` An advertisement for a new film or television show
81
Critic
(N.) Someone whose job is to make judgments about the good and bad qualities of art, music, films etc SYN reviewer music/art/film/theatre/literary critic Someone who criticizes a person, organization, or idea critic of fierce/outspoken critic armchair critic= someone who criticizes other people but who does not have any proper experience of the activity the other people are doing
82
Opening night
(N.) The first night that a new play, film etc is shown to the public SYN first night
83
Nominate
(V.) To officially suggest someone or something for an important position, duty, or prize nominate somebody/something for something nominate somebody/something as something nominate somebody to do something To give someone a particular job nominate somebody as something nominate somebody to something
84
Documentary
(N.) (plural documentaries) A film or a television or radio programme that gives detailed information about a particular subject documentary on/about
85
Cartoon
(N.) A short film that is made by photographing a series of drawings A funny drawing in a newspaper or magazine, especially about politicians or events in the news (alsocartoon strip) A set of drawings that tell a funny story, especially in a newspaper or magazine SYN comic strip (technical) A drawing that an artist does before starting to do a painting
86
Romantic
(Adj.) Showing strong feelings of love Relating to feelings of love or a loving relationship A romantic story or film is about love Beautiful in a way that affects your emotions and makes you think of love or adventure Romantic ideas are not practical or not based on reality OPP realistic romantic notion/view/idea etc Romantic art/literature etc art or literature that is based on the ideas of romanticism romantically adverb
87
Science fiction
(N.) Stories about events in the future which are affected by imaginary developments in science, for example about travelling in time or to other planets with life on them
88
Animated
(Adj.) ``` Showing a lot of interest and energy animated discussion/conversation   animated cartoon/film/feature etc a film or programme that shows pictures, clay models etc that seem to be really moving   animatedly adverb ```
89
Western
(Adj.) (written abbreviation W) In or from the west of a country or area   Relating to ideas and ways of doing things that come from Europe and the Americas (N.) A film about life in the 19th century in the American West, especially the lives of cowboys
90
Comedy
(N.) (plural comedies) Ertainment that is intended to make people laugh comedy writer/series/show/actor etc A play, film, or television programme that is intended to make people laugh The quality in something such as a book or play that makes people laugh SYN humour >tragedy
91
Horror
``` (N.) A strong feeling of shock and fear in horror with horror to somebody's horror =making someone shocked or afraid ``` Something that is very terrible, shocking, or frightening horror of the horror of something= when a situation or event is very unpleasant or shocking have a horror of something to be afraid of something or dislike it very much
92
Thriller
(N.) A book or film that tells an exciting story about murder or crime
93
Moviegoer
(N.) (especially AmE) ``` Someone who goes to see films at the cinema, especially regularly SYN cinemagoer (BrE) ```
94
Used to
``` Modal verb If s omething used to happen, it happened regularly or all the time in the past, but does not happen now did not use to do something  used not to do something (BrE) never used to do something (spoken) did somebody use to do something ``` if a particular situation used to exist, it existed for a period of time in the past, but does not exist now  did not use to be/do something did somebody/something use to be/do something
95
Convey
(V.) To communicate or express something, with or without using words convey something to somebody convey a sense/an impression/an idea etc (formal) To take or carry something from one place to another to legally change the possession of property from one person to another
96
Instance
(N.) For instance= For example An example of a particular kind of situation instance of instance where/when in the first instance= at the beginning of a series of actions at somebody's instance (formal)= because of someone's wish or request
97
Freely
(Adv.) Without anyone stopping or limiting something talk/speak/write etc freely If something moves freely, it moves smoothly and nothing prevents it from doing this freely available= very easy to obtain freely admit/acknowledge something= to agree that something is true, even though telling the truth is difficult or embarrassing Generously and willingly
98
Attempt
(V.) To try to do something, especially something difficult attempt to do something attempted murder/suicide/rape etc= an act of trying to kill or harm someone, kill yourself etc
99
Entertainment
(N.) Things such as films, television, performances etc that are intended to amuse or interest people light entertainment= comedy the entertainment industry/business/world (formal) When you entertain someone at home, or for business
100
Chill
(V.) If you chill something such as food or drink, or if it chills, it becomes very cold but does not freeze (also chill out) (informal) To relax completely instead of feeling angry, tired, or nervous To make someone very cold chilled to the bone/marrow =extremely cold (literary) To suddenly frighten someone, especially by seeming very cruel or violent chill somebody to the bone/chill somebody to the marrow/chill somebody's blood =frighten somebody a lot
101
Turn out
Phrasal verb To happen in a particular way, or to have a particular result, especially one that you did not expect Turn the light out: to stop the flow of electricity to a light by pressing a switch, pulling a string etc If a lot of people turn out for an event, they go to watch it or take part in it turn out for
102
Main character
The most important character in a play, film, or story SYN protagonist (formal)
103
Role
(N.) The way in which someone or something is involved in an activity or situation, and how much influence they have on it role in role of The character played by an actor in a play or film SYN part the lead/leading/starring role =the most important role major/minor role the title role =the role of the character whose name is in the title of a film or play Role reversala situation in which two people, especially a man and a woman, each do what is traditionally expected of the other
104
Hit film/movie
A hit or a flop are terms assigned to movies on the basis of their box office performance. A movie making money (profit) for it's makers is designated a hit. A movie that does not make enough money (profit) for it's makers is designated a flop
105
Plot
(N.) A secret plan by a group of people to do something harmful or illegal plot to do something plot against The events that form the main story of a book, film, or play The plot thickens= used to say that events seem to be becoming more complicated – often used humorously A small piece of land for building or growing things on A piece of land that a particular family owns in a cemetery, in which members of the family are buried when they die A drawing that shows the plan of a building at ground level SYN ground plan
106
Remake
(V.) past tense and past participle remade To film a story or record a piece of music again To build or make something again
107
Special effects
(N.) An unusual image or sound that has been produced artificially to be used in a film or television programme
108
Subtitle
(N.) (subtitles plural) The words printed over a film in a foreign language to translate what is being said by the actors A second title below the main title in a book, which gives more information about what is in the book, show etc subtitle verb subtitled adjective
109
Produce
(V.) To cause a particular result or effect >product To make, write etc something to be bought, used, or enjoyed by people >product, production To grow something or make it naturally >product, production If you produce an object, you bring it out or present it, so that people can see or consider it If someone produces a film or play, they find the money for it and control the way it is made >producer To give birth to a baby or young animals
110
Budget
(Adj.) Very low in price – often used in advertisements SYN cheap low-budget/big-budget= used for saying how much money has been spent on doing something, especially making a film
111
Dub
(V.) (dubbed, dubbing) To give something or someone a name that describes them in some way >label, name be dubbed something to change the original spoken language of a film or television programme into another language be dubbed into something (especially BrE) To make a record out of two or more different pieces of music or sound mixed together (AmE) to copy a recording from a tape or CD onto another tape If a king or queen dubs someone, they give the title of knight to that person in a special ceremony
112
Direct
(V.) To aim something in a particular direction or at a particular person, group etc direct something at towards etc something To be in charge of something or control it To give the actors in a play, film, or television programme instructions about what they should do (formal) To tell someone how to get to a place direct somebody to something (formal)to tell someone what they should do SYN order direct somebody to do something direct that
113
Splurge
(V.) To spend more money than you can usually afford SYN splash out splurge (something) on something splurge noun
114
Stuff
(N.) (informal) Used when you are talking about things such as substances, materials, or groups of objects when you do not know what they are called, or it is not important to say exactly what they are somebody's stuff (informal)= the things that belong to someone (informal) Used when talking about different activities, subjects, or ideas, when you do not say exactly what these are (informal) Used when you are talking about what someone has done or made, for example writing, music, or art
115
Off the top of your head
(informal) if you say something off the top of your head, you say it immediately, without thinking carefully about it or checking the facts
116
Dine
(V.) (formal) To eat dinner
117
Make up your mind | Make your mind up
To decide which of two or more choices you want, especially after thinking for a long time mind about make up your mind whether To become very determined to do something, so that you will not change your decision make up your mind to do something make up your mind that To decide what your opinion is about someone or something mind about
118
Within a stone’s throw
Very close (to something). (Possibly as close as the distance one could throw a stone. It usually refers to a distance much greater than one could throw a stone.) The police department was located within a stone's throw of our house
119
Hesitation
(N.) When someone hesitates without hesitation have no hesitation in doing something a slight/brief/momentary etc hesitation
120
Relish
(V.) To enjoy an experience or the thought of something that is going to happen relish the prospect/thought/idea relish the chance/opportunity
121
Inexpensive
(Adj.) Cheap – use this to show approval OPP expensive inexpensively adverb
122
Course
(N.) A series of lessons in a particular subject SYN class (AmE) course on/in ``` (BrE) A period of study in a particular subject, especially at university SYN program (AmE) ``` ⚠ Course is never followed by ‘of’. Do not say ‘a course of Business Studies’. Say ‘a course in Business Studies’.
123
Settle
(V.) To end an argument or solve a disagreement settle a dispute/lawsuit/conflict/argument etc settle up with To decide what you are going to do, especially so that you can make definite arrangements To go to live in a new place, and stay there for a long time settle in To put yourself or someone else in a comfortable position settle yourself in/on etc something To pay money that is owed settle a bill/account/claim settle with
124
Hesitate
(V.) To pause before saying or doing something because you are nervous or not sure hesitate about/over don't hesitate to do something= used to tell someone that it is correct or right for them to do something and they do not have to worry about offending anyone hesitatingly adverb
125
Bank account
(N.) An arrangement between a bank and a customer that allows the customer to pay in and take out money
126
Deposit account
(N.) (especially BrE) A bank account that pays interest on the money that you leave in it
127
Current account
(N.) (BrE) A bank account that you can take money out of at any time SYN checking account (AmE)
128
Joint account
(N.) A bank account held by more than one person, each individual having the right to deposit and withdraw funds.
129
Checking account
(N.) (AmE) A bank account that you can take money out of at any time, and for which you are given checks to use to pay for things SYN current account (BrE)
130
Savings account
(N.) A bank account in which you keep money that you want to save for a period of time, and which pays you interest on the money you have in it
131
Deposit
(V.) (formal) To put something down in a particular place To leave a layer of a substance on the surface of something, especially gradually To put money or something valuable in a bank or other place where it will be safe deposit something in something deposit something with somebody/something Register In everyday English, people usually say they put in or pay in money, rather than deposit money       I paidput $100 into his account.       You should put your valuables in the hotel safe
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Withdraw
(V.) past tense withdrew, past participle withdrawn To stop taking part in an activity, belonging to an organization etc, or to make someone do this To stop giving support or money to someone or something, especially as the result of an official decision If you withdraw a threat, offer, request etc, you say that you no longer will do what you said (formal) If you withdraw a remark, criticism, statement etc, you say that what you said earlier was completely untrue SYN retract To take money out of a bank account SYN take out
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Bank statment
(N.) A document sent regularly by a bank to a customer that lists the amounts of money taken out of and paid into their bank account
134
Deposit slip
(N.) (AmE) A form that you use when you put money into your bank account paying-in slip (BrE)
135
Balance
(N.) A state in which all your weight is evenly spread so that you do not fall A state in which opposite forces or influences exist in equal or the correct amounts, in a way that is good OPP imbalance On balance: if you think something on balance, you think it after considering all the facts catch/throw somebody off balance: to surprise someone and make them confused and no longer calm The amount of money that you have in your bank account The balance of a debt is the amount of money that you still owe after you have paid some of it
136
Interest
(N.) If you have an interest in something or someone, you want to know or learn more about them An activity that you enjoy doing or a subject that you enjoy studying A quality or feature of something that attracts your attention or makes you want to know more about it a)The extra money that you must pay back when you borrow money interest on b)Money paid to you by a bank or financial institution when you keep money in an account there
137
Mortgage
(N.) A legal arrangement by which you borrow money from a bank or similar organization in order to buy a house, and pay back the money over a period of years The amount of money you borrow in the form of a mortgage
138
Cash
(V.) Cash a cheque/postal order/draft etc To exchange a cheque etc for the amount of money it is worth cashable adjective
139
Attend
(V.) (formal) To go to an event such as a meeting or a class (RegisterIn everyday English, people usually say ‘go to’ or ‘come to’ instead of ‘attend’       I didn't go to the parents meeting.       Please let us know if you can't come.) To go regularly to a school, church etc (formal) To happen or exist at the same time as something To look after someone, especially because they are ill
140
Tuition
(N.) Teaching, especially in small groups ``` (AmE) The money you pay for being taught tuition fees (BrE) ```
141
Invest
(V.) To buy shares, property, or goods because you hope that the value will increase and you can make a profit invest (something) in something If a government, business, or organization invests in something, they spend a large amount of money to improve it or help it succeed To use a lot of time, effort etc or spend money in order to make something succeed (Register: In everyday English, people often say put money in/into something rather than invest in something       He put money into his brother's business.      The government put in millions of pounds.)
142
Privacy
(N.) The state of being able to be alone, and not seen or heard by other people The state of being free from public attention
143
Freedom
``` (N.) The right to do what you want without being controlled or restricted by anyone >liberty freedom to do something freedom of ``` The state of being free and allowed to do what you want The state of being free because you are not in prison OPP captivity, imprisonment freedom from something: the state of not being affected by something that makes you worried, unhappy, afraid etc freedom from fear/pain/worry etc
144
Refurbish
(V.) (especially BrE) To decorate and repair something such as a building or office in order to improve its appearance >renovate To change and improve a plan, idea, or skill refurbishment noun
145
Owner
(N.) ``` Someone who owns something owner of original/previous/new owner car-owner/dog-owner etc home-owner = someone who owns their house ```
146
Ownership
(N.) The fact of owning something ownership of public/private/state ownership
147
Renovate
(V.) To repair a building or old furniture so that it is in good condition again renovation noun
148
Brag
(V.) bragged, bragging To talk too proudly about what you have done, what you own etc – used to show disapproval SYN boast brag about brag that
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Earn/make money
What it means to earn money. You earn money when you trade your time and energy for money. In other words, you work for an hour, you get paid for an hour. It doesn't matter whether you're being paid by the hour or you receive a monthly salary - you're still paid by someone else in exchange for your time and energy
150
Inherit
(V.) To receive money, property etc from someone after they have died inherit something from somebody If you inherit a situation, especially one in which problems have been caused by other people, you have to deal with it To have the same character or appearance as your parents To get something that someone else does not want anymore
151
Waste
(N.) When something such as money or skills are not used in a way that is effective, useful, or sensible waste of go to waste: if something goes to waste, it is not used be a waste of time/money/effort etc: to be not worth the time, money etc that you use because there is little or no result Unwanted materials or substances that are left after you have used something
152
Squander
(V.) To carelessly waste money, time, opportunities etc squander something on something
153
Budget
(N.) The money that is available to an organization or person, or a plan of how it will be spent budget of budget for  on/within budget =not using more money than planned under budget =using less money than planned over budget =using more money than planned on a budget= if you are on a budget, you do not have much money to spend
154
Bankruptcy
(N.) (plural bankruptcies) The state of being unable to pay your debts SYN insolvency A total lack of a particular good quality
155
Living expenses
(N.) The money you need to spend in order to live, for example on food or a house
156
Loan
(N.) An amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc loan of When you lend something to someone on loan (from somebody/something): if something or someone is on loan, they have been borrowed
157
Stock market
(N.) The business of buying and selling stocks and shares A place where stocks and shares are bought and sold SYN stock exchange
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Installment (AmE) | Instalment (BrE)
(N.) One of a series of regular payments that you make until you have paid all the money you owe One of the parts of a story that appears as a series of parts, especially in a magazine, newspaper etc
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Give somebody/something away
Phrasal verb To give something to someone because you do not want or need it for yourself [+to] To give something to someone without asking for any money, rather than selling it to them [+to] To show where someone is or what they are doing or thinking when they are trying to keep this a secret give yourself away To tell someone something that you should keep secret To lose in a game or competition by doing something badly or making mistakes To give formal permission for a woman to marry a man as part of a traditional wedding ceremony
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Come into something
Phrasal verb To receive money, land, or property from someone after they have died To be involved in something come into view/sight: if something comes into view, you begin to see it come into leaf/flower/blossom: to start to produce leaves or flowers not come into it (spoken): used to say that something is not important come into your own: to become very good, useful, or important in a particular situation
161
Put down
Phrasal verb put something/somebody ↔ down: to put something or someone that you are holding or carrying onto a surface put somebody ↔ down: to criticize someone and make them feel silly or stupid SYN belittle  put yourself down put something ↔ down: to write something, especially a name or number, on a piece of paper or on a list SYN write down put down a revolution/revolt/rebellion etc: to stop a revolution etc by using force put something ↔ down: to pay part of the total cost of something, so that you can pay the rest later put down on بیعانه دادن
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Pay off
Phrasal verb pay something off: to give someone all the money you owe them If something you do pays off, it is successful or has a good result pay somebody ↔ off (BrE): to pay someone their wages and tell them they no longer have a job pay somebody ↔ off: to pay someone not to say anything about something illegal or dishonest
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Sell something off
Phrasal verb To sell something, especially for a cheap price, because you need the money or because you want to get rid of it To sell all or part of an industry or company
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Sell out
Phrasal verb If a shop sells out of something, it has no more of that particular thing left to sell be/have sold out sell out of If products, tickets for an event etc sell out, they are all sold and there are none left To change your beliefs or principles, especially in order to get more money or some other advantage – used to show disapproval To sell your business or your share in a business
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Long
``` (V.) To want something very much, especially when it seems unlikely to happen soon long to do something long for long for somebody to do something ```
166
Apprise
(V.) (formal) To tell or give someone information about something SYN inform apprise somebody of something
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Attain
(V.) (formal) To succeed in achieving something after trying for a long time To reach a particular level, age, size etc attainable adjective
168
Insulting
(Adj.) Very rude and offensive to someone insulting to insultingly adverb
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Amply
(Adv.) generously; plentifully, bountifully
170
Inevitability
(N.) The fact that something is certain to happen, or something that is certain to happen inevitability of
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Mimicker
(N.) Person who imitates; that which copies or resembles closely; One who imitates in an offensive manner
172
Assess
(V.) To make a judgment about a person or situation after thinking carefully about it SYN judge assess the impact/extent/effectiveness etc of something assess what/how etc be assessed as something To calculate the value or cost of something be assessed at something
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Offend
(V.) To make someone angry or upset by doing or saying something that they think is rude, unkind etc be offended by at something To seem bad or unacceptable to someone (formal) To commit a crime or crimes (formal) To be against people's feelings of what is morally acceptable offend against
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Lengthen
(V.) To make something longer or to become longer OPP shorten Register In everyday English, people usually say that something gets longer rather than lengthens       The days began to get longer
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Unavoidable
(Adj.) impossible to prevent unavoidably adv
176
Ample
(Adj.) ``` More than enough SYN sufficient OPP insufficient ample time/evidence/opportunity ample room/space etc ``` (literary) Large in a way that is attractive or pleasant amply adv
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Imitate
(V.) To copy the way someone behaves, speaks, moves etc, especially in order to make people laugh ⚠ Do not use imitate to mean do the same thing as someone else. Use copy She worries that Tom will copy his brother NOT imitate his brother and leave home To copy something because you think it is good imitator noun
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Remark
(N.) Something that you say when you express an opinion or say what you have noticed SYN comment remarks: the things you say in a formal speech introductory/opening/concluding remarks in somebody's remarks
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Anger
(V.) To make someone angry SYN annoy be angered by/at something RegisterIn everyday English, people usually say something makes them angry rather than say that it angers them I didn't want to anger him.❌ I didn't want to make him angry✅
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Detain
(V.) To officially prevent someone from leaving a place (formal) To stop someone from leaving as soon as they expected SYN delay
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Measure
(V.) To find the size, length, or amount of something, using standard units such as inches, metres etc measure somebody for something= measure someone in order to make clothes for them measure something in something measuring jug/cup/tape= one used for measuring To judge the importance, value, or true nature of something SYN assess To be a particular size, length, or amount If a piece of equipment measures something, it shows or records a particular kind of measurement
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Longevity
(N.) The amount of time that someone or something lives longevity of Long life or the long time that something lasts The amount of time that something lasts
183
Surrounding
(Adj.) Near or around a particular place SYN nearby
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Mimic
(V.) (mimicked, mimicking) To copy the way someone speaks or behaves, especially in order to make people laugh SYN imitate, take off To behave or operate in exactly the same way as something or someone else If an animal mimics something, it looks or sounds very like it mimicry noun
185
Value
(V.) To think that someone or something is important value somebody/something for something To decide how much money something is worth, by comparing it with similar things value something at something valued adjective
186
Lengthy
(Adj.) comparative lengthier, superlative lengthiest Continuing for a long time, often too long OPP brief A speech, piece of writing etc that is lengthy is long and often contains too many details
187
Maintain
(V.) To make something continue in the same way or at the same standard as before To make a level or rate of activity, movement etc stay the same To strongly express your belief that something is true SYN claim maintain (that) maintain your innocence= say that you did not commit a crime To keep a machine, building etc in good condition by checking and repairing it regularly To provide someone with the things they need, such as money or food SYN provide for
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Outcome
(N.) The final result of a meeting, discussion, war etc – used especially when no one knows what it will be until it actually happens SYN result outcome of Register Outcome is slightly formal and is used mostly in writing. In everyday English, people are more likely to talk about what happened       It was impossible to predict what would happen in the election
189
Occur
(V.) (formal) occurred, occurring To happen Register In everyday English, people usually say happen rather than occur       The accident happened while she was at school To happen or exist in a particular place or situation occur in/among etc
190
Inevitable
(Adj.) Certain to happen and impossible to avoid it is inevitable (that) inevitable consequence/result the inevitable: a situation that is certain to happen
191
Evaluate
(V.) To judge how good, useful, or successful something is SYN assess
192
Sufficient
(Adj.) (formal) As much as is needed for a particular purpose SYN enough OPP insufficient sufficient to do something  sufficient for sufficiently adv
193
Offensive
(Adj.) Very rude or insulting and likely to upset people OPP inoffensive offensive to (formal) Very unpleasant For attacking >defensive Relating to getting points and winning a game, rather than stopping the other team from getting points OPP defensive offensively adv offensiveness noun
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Long-term
(Adj.) Continuing for a long period of time, or relating to what will happen in the distant future OPP short-term the long-term unemployed= people who have not had a job for a long time long-term plan/strategy/solution long-term loan/investment in the long term
195
Weigh
(V.) To have a particular weight To use a machine to discover how much something or someone weighs weigh yourself (also weigh up) to consider something carefully so that you can make a decision about it weigh something against something (formal) to influence someone's opinion and the decision that they make weigh against weigh in somebody's/something's favour weigh with weigh your words= to think very carefully about what you say because you do not want to say the wrong thing
196
Inevitably
(Adv.) Used for saying that something is certain to happen and cannot be avoided
197
Speed
(V.) past tense and past participle sped or speeded To go quickly To take someone or something somewhere very quickly be speeding: to be driving faster than the legal limit (also speed something ↔ up): to make something happen faster OPP slow down
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Obtain
(V.) (formal) To get something that you want, especially through your own effort, skill, or work SYN get obtain something from somebody something obtain something through something Register In everyday English, people say that they get a result, a ticket, some information etc rather than obtain it You have to get permission from your parents. If a situation, system, or rule obtains, it continues to exist
199
Offence (BrE) | Offense (AmE)
(N.) An illegal action or a crime offence against When you offend or upset someone by something you do or say cause/give offence no offence (spoken): used to tell someone that you hope that what you are going to say or do will not offend them take offence (at something): to feel offended because of something someone says or does (formal) the act of attacking
200
Surroundings
(N.) The objects, buildings, natural things etc that are around a person or thing at a particular time somebody's surroundings
201
Trend
(N.) A general tendency in the way a situation is changing or developing trend towards trend in set the trend: to start doing something that other people copy on trend: fashionable – used especially in magazines
202
Intermittend
(Adj.) Stopping and starting often and for short periods SYN sporadic intermittently adverb
203
Fast
(V.) To eat little or no food for a period of time, especially for religious reasons
204
Consume
(V.) To use time, energy, goods etc >consumption (formal) To eat or drink something >consumer, consumption (literary) If a feeling or idea consumes you, it affects you very strongly, so that you cannot think about anything else be consumed with something (formal) If fire consumes something, it destroys it completely
205
Calorie
(N.) A unit for measuring the amount of energy that food will produce low-calorie/high-calorie (technical) The amount of heat that is needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius. It is used as a unit for measuring energy caloric adjective
206
Beverage
(N.) (formal) A hot or cold drink
207
Keep up
Phrasal verb keep something ↔ up: to continue doing something If a situation keeps up, it continues without stopping or changing SYN continue To go as quickly as someone else keep up with To manage to do as much or as well as other people OPP fall behind To continue to read and learn about a particular subject, so that you always know about the most recent facts, products etc
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Anatomy
(N.) (plural anatomies) The scientific study of the structure of human or animal bodies human/animal anatomy The structure of a body, or of a part of a body anatomy of Your body – often used in a humorous way the/an anatomy of something: a) a study or examination of an organization, process etc in order to understand and explain how it works b) the structure of an organization, process etc or the way it works
209
Shoulder
(N.) One of the two parts of the body at each side of the neck where the arm is connected The part of a piece of clothing that covers your shoulders The upper part of the front leg of an animal that is used for meat
210
Bust
(N.) A model of someone's head, shoulders, and upper chest, usually made of stone or metal bust of A woman's breasts, or the part of her clothes that covers her breasts A measurement around a woman's breast and back (informal) A situation in which the police go into a place in order to catch people doing something illegal
211
Elbow
(N.) The joint where your arm bends The part of a shirt etc that covers your elbow elbow grease (informal): hard work and effort, especially when cleaning or polishing something give somebody the elbow (BrE) (informal): to tell someone that you no longer like them or want them to work for you and that they should leave elbow room: enough space in which to move easily a curved part of a pipe
212
Palm
(N.) The inside surface of your hand, in which you hold things (also palm tree) A tropical tree which grows near beaches or in deserts, with a long straight trunk and large pointed leaves at the top hold/have somebody in the palm of your hand: to have a strong influence on someone, so that they do what you want them to do read somebody's palm: to tell someone what is going to happen to them in the future by looking at the lines on their hand
213
Nail
(N.) A thin pointed piece of metal with a flat top, which you hit into a surface with a hammer, for example to join things together or to hang something on hammer/bang/hit a nail into something Your nails are the hard smooth layers on the ends of your fingers and toes nail in somebody's/something's coffin: one of several bad things which help to destroy someone's success or hopes as hard/tough as nails: very tough and not easily frightened, or not caring about the effects of your actions on other people on the nail:a) (BrE) if you pay money on the nail, you pay it immediately b) (especially AmE) completely correct
214
Waist
(N.) The narrow part in the middle of the human body from the waist up/down= in the top or bottom half of your body stripped to the waist= not wearing any clothes on the top half of your body slim-waisted/narrow-waisted/thick-waisted= having a thin, thick etc waist The part of a piece of clothing that goes around this part of your body ⚠ Do not confuse with waste, which is used as a verb and a noun to talk about using too much of something, or not using it in a sensible way
215
Thigh
(N.) The top part of your leg, between your knee and your hip The top part of a bird's leg, used as food
216
Toe
(N.) One of the five movable parts at the end of your foot >finger big toe= the largest of your toes The part of a shoe or sock that covers the front part of your foot tread on somebody's toes (BrE),step on somebody's toes (AmE): to offend someone, especially by becoming involved in something that they are responsible for keep somebody on their toes: to make sure that someone is ready for anything that might happen make somebody's toes curl: to make someone feel very embarrassed or uncomfortable touch your toes: to bend downwards so that your hands touch your toes, without bending your knees put/dip a toe in the water: to try a little of something or try an activity for a short time to see if you like it
217
Jaw
(N.) One of the two bones that your teeth lower/upper jaw The lower part of your face. Its shape is sometimes thought to show your character Somebody's jaw dropped: used to say that someone looked surprised or shocked jaws: a) the mouth of a person or animal, especially a dangerous animal b) the two parts of a machine or tool that move together to hold something tightly the jaws of death/defeat/despair etc (literary): a situation in which something unpleasant almost happens
218
Skull
(N.) The bones of a person's or animal's head Somebody can't get it into their (thick) skull (spoken): someone is unable to understand something very simple
219
Pelvis
(N.) The set of large wide curved bones at the base of your spine, to which your legs are joined
220
Sole
(N.) The bottom surface of your foot, especially the part you walk or stand on The flat bottom part of a shoe, not including the heel A flat fish that is often used for food >lemon sole
221
Nostril
(N.) One of the two holes at the end of your nose, through which you breathe and smell things
222
Abdomen
(N.) The part of your body between your chest and legs which contains your stomach, bowels etc The end part of an insect's body, joined to the thorax abdominal adjective
223
Wrist
(N.) The part of your body where your hand joins your arm on/around your wrist
224
Chest
(N.) The front part of your body between your neck and your stomach >breast chest pain/infection/injury A large strong box that you use to store things in or to move your personal possessions from one place to another get something off your chest: to tell someone about something that has been worrying or annoying you for a long time, so that you feel better afterwards
225
Ankle
(N.) The joint between your foot and your leg break/twist/sprain your ankle ankle socks/boots: socks or boots that only come up to your ankle
226
Torso
(N.) (plural torsos) Your body, not including your head, arms, or legs A statue of a torso
227
Intestine
(N.) The long tube in your body through which food passes after it leaves your stomach SYN gut Intestinal adjective
228
Joint
(N.) A part of your body that can bend because two bones meet there knee/neck/hip/elbow etc joint (BrE) A large piece of meat, usually containing a bone joint of A place where two things or parts of an object are joined together Out of joint: a) if a bone in your body is out of joint, it has been pushed out of its correct position b) if a system, group etc is out of joint, it is not working properly (informal) A cheap bar, club, or restaurant (informal) A cigarette containing cannabis SYN spliff
229
Lung
(N.) One of the two organs in your body that you breathe with
230
Muscle
(N.) One of the pieces of flesh inside your body that you use in order to move, and that connect your bones together not move a muscle: to stay completely still power or influence: military/economic/political etc muscle Physical strength and power put some muscle into it= used to tell someone to work harder
231
Womb
(N.) The part of a woman's or female animal's body where her baby grows before it is born SYN uterus
232
Liver
(N.) A large organ in your body that produces bile and cleans your blood The liver of an animal, used as food
233
Bladder
(N.) The organ in your body that holds urine (= waste liquid) until it is passed out of your body A bag of skin, leather, or rubber, for example inside a football, that can be filled with air or liquid
234
Kidney
(N.) One of the two organs in your lower back that separate waste products from your blood and make urine One or more of these organs from an animal, used as food
235
Gallblader
(N.) The organ in your body in which bile is stored
236
Heart
(N.) The organ in your chest which pumps blood through your body The part of you that feels strong emotions and feelings kind-hearted/cold-hearted/hard-hearted etc= having a kind, unkind, cruel etc character The part of your chest near your heart A shape used to represent a heart
237
Spleen
(N.) An organ near your stomach that controls the quality of your blood (formal) Anger, especially unreasonable or unfair anger
238
Stomach
(N.) The organ inside your body where food begins to be digested The front part of your body, below your chest Do something on an empty stomach: to do something when you have not eaten Turn your stomach: to make you feel sick or upset Have no stomach for a fight/task etc: to have no desire to do something difficult, upsetting, or frightening Have a strong stomach: to be able to see or do things that are unpleasant without feeling sick or upset
239
Pancreas
(N.) A gland inside your body, near your stomach, that produces insulin and a liquid that helps your body to use the food that you eat pancreatic adjective
240
Flame
(N.) Hot bright burning gas that you see when something is on fire in flames: burning in a way that is difficult to control go up in flames/burst into flames: to suddenly begin burning in a way that is difficult to control a flame of anger/desire/passion etc (literary): a strong feeling An angry or rude email
241
Discharge
(V.) To officially allow someone to leave somewhere, especially the hospital or the army, navy etc, or to tell them that they must leave discharge somebody from something discharge yourself (BrE)= leave hospital before your treatment is complete conditionally discharge somebody (BrE)= let someone leave prison if they obey particular rules To send out gas, liquid, smoke etc, or to allow it to escape discharge something into something discharge into (formal) To fire a gun or shoot an arrow etc (formal) To do or pay what you have a duty to do or pay discharge your duties/responsibilities/obligations etc If a piece of electrical equipment discharges, or if it is discharged, it sends out electricity if a wound or body part discharges a substance such as pus (= infected) liquid, the substance slowly comes out of it (formal) to take goods or passengers off a ship, plane etc
242
Infectious
(Adj.) An infectious illness can be passed from one person to another, especially through the air you breathe Someone who is infectious has an illness and could pass it to other people Infectious feelings or laughter spread quickly from one person to another infectiously adverb
243
Vital
(Adj.) ``` Extremely important and necessary for something to succeed or exist SYN crucial vital to vital for it is vital (that) it is vital to do something ``` Full of energy in a way that is exciting and attractive Necessary in order to keep you alive vital signs (medical): the signs that show someone is alive, for example breathing and body temperature
244
Relieved
(Adj.) ``` Feeling happy because you are no longer worried about something >relief greatly/immensely/extremely etc relieved relieved to see/hear/know something relieved (that) ```
245
Swelling
(N.) An area of your body that has become larger than normal, because of illness or injury swelling in/on The condition of having swelled
246
Prevalent
(Adj.) Common at a particular time, in a particular place, or among a particular group of people prevalent in/among etc prevalence noun
247
Diagnostic
(Adj.) Relating to or used for discovering what is wrong with someone or something diagnostic tests/tools
248
Illness
(N.) A disease of the body or mind, or the condition of being ill
249
Restore
(V.) To make something return to its former state or condition restore something to something restore (diplomatic) relations with somebody restore somebody's sight/hearing= make someone who cannot hear or who is blind, hear or see again To bring back a positive feeling that a person or a group of people felt before To repair an old building, piece of furniture, or painting etc so that it is in its original condition (formal) To give back to someone something that was lost or taken from them SYN return restore something to somebody To bring back a law, tax, right etc
250
Inflammatory
(Adj.) An inflammatory speech, piece of writing etc is likely to make people feel angry (medical) An inflammatory disease or medical condition causes inflammation
251
Diagnose
(V.) To find out what illness someone has, or what the cause of a fault is, after doing tests, examinations etc diagnose somebody as (having) something diagnose something as something diagnose somebody with something
252
Improve
(V.) to make something better, or to become better Register In everyday English, people often say something gets better rather than improves       Her English is definitely getting better.       I hope things get better soon
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Infected
(Adj.) A part of your body or a wound that is infected has harmful bacteria in it which prevent it from healing >disinfect Food, water etc that is infected contains bacteria that spread disease If a computer or disk is infected, the information in or on it has been changed or destroyed by a computer virus
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Treat
(V.) To behave towards someone or something in a particular way >treatment treat somebody like/as something badly treated/well treated treat somebody with respect/contempt/courtesy etc treat somebody like dirt/a dog= treat someone unkindly and without respect To deal with, regard, or consider something in a particular way >treatment treat something as something treat something favourably/seriously/carefully etc To try to cure an illness or injury by using drugs, hospital care, operations etc >treatment treat somebody/something with something To buy or do something special for someone that you know they will enjoy treat somebody to something To put a special substance on something or use a chemical process in order to protect, clean, or preserve ittreatment
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Relieving
(N.) alleviation, easement; act of releasing, liberation
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Inflame
(V.) To make someone's feelings of anger, excitement etc much stronger
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Recuperate
(V.) To get better again after an illness or injury SYN recover recuperate from (especially Br) To get back money that you have spent or lost in business SYN recoup, recover To return to a more normal condition after a difficult time SYN recover recuperation noun
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Patient
(N.) Someone who is receiving medical treatment from a doctor or in a hospital
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Swollen
(Adj.) A part of your body that is swollen is bigger than usual, especially because you are ill or injured A river that is swollen has more water in it than usual Have a swollen head/be swollen-headed (BrE): to be too proud and think you are very clever or important
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Cure
(N.) A medicine or medical treatment that makes an illness go away cure for Something that solves a problem, or improves a bad situation >solution cure for The act of making someone well again after an illness
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Dismiss
(V.) To refuse to consider someone's idea, opinion etc, because you think it is not serious, true, or important dismiss something as something To remove someone from their job SYN fire, sack dismiss somebody from something dismiss somebody for something Register In everyday British English, people usually say sack someone, and in everyday American English, people usually say fire someone, rather than use dismiss       He was sacked (BrE)/fired (AmE) for being late all the time (formal) To tell someone that they are allowed to go, or are no longer needed If a judge dismisses a court case, he or she stops it from continuing
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Inflamed
(Adj.) A part of your body that is inflamed is red and swollen, because it is injured or infected
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Cured
(Adj.) preserved, dried, smoked, pickled (of food); (Medicine) healed, made well, successfully treated
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Vitality
(N.) Great energy and eagerness to do things The strength and ability of an organization, country etc to continue vitality of
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Infection
(N.) A disease that affects a particular part of your body and is caused by bacteria or a virus infection of/in When someone is infected by a disease
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Common
(Adj.) Happening often and to many people or in many places OPP rare common among it's common for somebody to do something (⚠ Do not say It is common that ... Say It is common for ...) Existing in large numbers OPP rare Common aims, beliefs, ideas etc are shared by several people or groups common to
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Well-being
(N.) A feeling of being comfortable, healthy, and happy well-being of a sense/feeling of well-being physical/psychological/material etc well-being The well-being of a country is the state in which it is strong and doing well
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Healing
(N.) The treatment of illness using natural powers or prayer rather than medicine The process of becoming healthy and strong again
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Treatment
(N.) Something that is done to cure someone who is injured or ill >treat treatment of/for A particular way of behaving towards someone or of dealing with them >treat treatment of special/preferential treatment= when one person is treated better than another A particular way of dealing with or talking about a subject >treat A process by which something is cleaned, protected etc >treat treatment of
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Relief
(N.) A feeling of comfort when something frightening, worrying, or painful has ended or has not happened >relieve When something reduces someone's pain or unhappy feelings Money, food, clothes etc given to people who are poor or hungry A person or group of people that replaces another one and does their work after they have finished A way of decorating wood, stone etc with a shape or figure that is raised above the surface, or the decoration itself >bas relief
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Infect
(V.) To give someone a disease infect with To make something contain something harmful that gives people a disease infect with If a feeling or interest that you have infects other people, it makes them begin to feel the same way or have the same interest If a virus infects your computer or disk, it changes or destroys the information in or on it
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Recovery
(N.) The process of getting better after an illness, injury etc make a full/good/remarkable etc recovery recovery from The process of returning to a normal condition after a period of trouble or difficulty When you get something back that has been taken or lost recovery of
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Inflammation
(N.) Swelling and pain in part of your body, which is often red and feels hot inflammation of
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Diagnosis
(N.) (plural diagnoses) The process of discovering exactly what is wrong with someone or something, by examining them closely >prognosis diagnosis of
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Disease
(N.) An illness which affects a person, animal, or plant disease of Something that is seriously wrong with society or with someone's mind, behaviour etc diseased adjective
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Cure
(V.) To make an illness or medical condition go away To make someone well again after they have been ill >heal cure somebody of something To solve a problem, or improve a bad situation cure somebody of something: to make someone stop behaving in a particular way or stop them having a particular feeling or attitude To preserve food, tobacco etc by drying it, hanging it in smoke, or covering it with salt
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Relieve
(V.) To reduce someone's pain or unpleasant feelings >relief relieve tension/pressure/stress etc To make a problem less difficult or serious To replace someone when they have completed their duty or when they need a rest relieve yourself: a polite expression meaning to urinate – often used humorously To make something less dull and boring relieve the boredom/monotony
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Flu
(N.) A common illness that makes you feel very tired and weak, gives you a sore throat, and makes you cough and have to clear your nose a lot SYN influenza a flu virus/bug
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Pill
(N.) A small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole the Pill/the pill: a pill taken regularly by some women in order to prevent them having babies on the Pill sugar/sweeten the pill: to do something to make an unpleasant job or situation less unpleasant for the person who has to accept it be a pill (AmE) (informal): if someone, especially a child, is a pill, they are annoying
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Regardless
(Adv.) Without being affected or influenced by something regardless of If you continue doing something regardless, you do it in spite of difficulties or other people telling you not to carry on/go on regardless (BrE)= continue what you are doing
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Claim
(V.) say something is true To say that something is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it •claim (that)… He claims (that) he was not given a fair hearing. •claim (somebody/something) to be/do something I don't claim to be an expert. •claim something Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer. •it is claimed that… It was claimed that some doctors were working 80 hours a week. demand legal right Claim something: To demand or ask for something because you believe it is your legal right to own or to have it A lot of lost property is never claimed. He claimed political asylum. money To ask for money from the government or a company because you have a right to it •claim something He's not entitled to claim unemployment benefit. •claim something from something She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered. You could have claimed the cost of the hotel room from your insurance. •claim (on something) (for something) You can claim on your insurance for that coat you left on the train. attention/thought Claim something: To get or take somebody’s attention A most unwelcome event claimed his attention. gain/win Claim something: To gain, win or achieve something She has finally claimed a place on the team. Cause death Claim something (of a disaster, an accident, etc.): To cause somebody’s death The car crash claimed three lives.
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Concentration
(N.) The ability to think about something carefully or for a long time >concentrate ``` A process in which you put a lot of attention, energy etc into a particular activity >concentrate concentration on (doing) something ``` A large amount of something in a particular place or among particular people >concentrate concentration of (technical) The amount of a substance contained in a liquid >concentrate high/low concentrations concentration of
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Cholesterol
(N.) A chemical substance found in your blood. Too much cholesterol in your body may cause heart disease.
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Unarguable
(Adj.) Something that is unarguable is definitely true or correct unarguably adverb
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Intriguing
(Adj.) Something that is intriguing is very interesting because it is strange, mysterious, or unexpected SYN fascinating intriguingly adverb
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Aid
(V.) To help someone do something aid somebody in/with (doing) something To make something happen more quickly or easily aid and abet (law): to help someone do something illegal
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Period
(N.) A particular length of time with a beginning and an end period of A particular time in someone's life or in history >era The flow of blood that comes from a woman's body each month >menstrual period (AmE) the mark (.) used in writing to show the end of a sentence or of an abbreviation SYN full stop (BrE) ``` One of the equal parts that the school day is divided into SYN lesson (BrE) period of ``` One of the equal parts that a game is divided into in a sport such as ice hockey period! (AmE) (spoken): used to emphasize that you have made a decision and that you do not want to discuss the subject any more SYN full stop!
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Scenic
(Adj.) Surrounded by views of beautiful countryside The scenic route: a longer way than usual, especially one that goes through beautiful or interesting areas – often used humorously scenically adverb
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Route
(N.) A way from one place to another route to/from take/follow a route=use a route A way between two places that buses, planes, ships etc regularly travel bus/air/shipping etc route cycle route =a way between two places that only people on bicycles can use A way of doing something or achieving a particular result route to Route 66/54 etc used to show the number of a main road in the US
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Aggregate
(V.) (formal) Tobe a particular amount when added together  To put different amounts, pieces of information etc together to form a group or a total aggregate with aggregation noun
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Tranquil
(Adj.) Pleasantly calm, quiet, and peaceful   tranquilly adverb tranquillity (BrE), tranquility (AmE) noun
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Proficiency
(N.) A good standard of ability and skill proficiency in/with/at
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Apex
(N.) (technical) The top or highest part of something pointed or curved  the apex of the roof  the apex of a pyramid (formal) The most important position in an organization or society   (formal) The most successful part of something SYN peak  
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Coherence | Coherency
(N.) When something such as a piece of writing is easy to understand because its parts are connected in a clear and reasonable way If a group has coherence, its members are connected or united because they share common aims, qualities, or beliefs
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Examine
(V.) To look at something carefully and thoroughly because you want to find out more about it examine how/whether/what etc  examine something for something Register In everyday English, people usually say have or take a look at somthing or someone rather than examine something or someone       I had a look at the car but I couldn't see anything wrong with it. If a doctor examines you, they look at your body to check that you are healthy (formal) To ask someone questions to test their knowledge of a subject SYN test examine somebody in/on something (law) To officially ask someone questions in a court of law
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Apt
(Adj.) Be apt to do something: to have a natural tendency to do something SYN tend to   Exactly right for a particular situation or purpose SYN appropriate  apt for An apt pupil/student (formal) a student who is quick to learn and understand SYN able aptness noun
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Mitigate
(V.) (formal) To make a situation or the effects of something less unpleasant, harmful, or serious SYN alleviate
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Proficiently
(Adv.) masterfully, expertly, with superior knowledge; adeptly, dextrously, skillfully
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Zenith
(N.) The most successful point in the development of something SYN peak OPP nadir reach its zenith/be at its zenith (technical) The highest point that is reached by the sun or the moon in the sky Register Zenith sounds rather literary. In everyday English, people usually say peak       Her career was at its peak
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Look something/someone over
(phrasal verb) To examine something or someone quickly, without paying much attention to detail  
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Cohere
(V.) If ideas, arguments, beliefs, statements etc cohere, they are connected in a clear and reasonable way >coherent   If two objects cohere, they stick together
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Alleviate
(V.) To make something less painful or difficult to deal with alleviate the problem/situation/suffering etc   alleviation noun
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Predispose
(V.) To make someone more likely to suffer from a particular health problem predispose somebody to something To make someone more likely to behave or think in a particular way predispose somebody to something   predisposed adjective
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Pathway
(N.) A path A series of nerves that pass information to each other
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Coherent
(Adj.) If a piece of writing, set of ideas etc is coherent, it is easy to understand because it is clear and reasonable   If someone is coherent, they are talking in a way that is clear and easy to understand If a group is coherent, its members are connected or united because they share common aims, qualities, or beliefs   coherently adv
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Database
(N.) A large amount of data stored in a computer system so that you can find and use it easily  database system/software/application etc
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Way
(N.) Method that you use to do or achieve something  way of doing something way to do something in the right/wrong way ways and means =methods of doing something, especially ones that are secret or not yet decided way out/out of/around way into television/publishing/finance etc =a method of getting involved in a particular activity or type of work   The manner or style in which someone does something or in which something happens  in a... way in this/that way that's no way to do something =used to tell someone that they should not be doing something in a particular manner in more ways than one =in a number of ways in somebody's own way =in a personal way that other people may not recognize   How to go somewherecountable a) a road, path, direction etc that you take in order to get to a particular place the way to/from/out etc ask/tell/show somebody the way the way out =the door, path etc which you can use to leave a building or area  the way in =the door, path etc which you can use to enter a building or area on somebody's way =in the same direction as someone is going  out of somebody's way =not in the same direction as someone is going  b) a particular direction from where you are now
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Aggravate
(V.) To make a bad situation, an illness, or an injury worse OPP improve To Make someone angry or annoyed SYN irritate aggravating adjective aggravatingly adverb aggravation noun
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Portuguese
(Adj.) Relating to Portugal, its people, or its language
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Among | Amongst
Preposition In or through the middle of a group of people or things With a particular group of people Used to say that many people in a group have the same feeling or opinion, or that something affects many people in a group among other things/places/factors etc: Used to say that you are only mentioning one or two people or things out of a much larger group If something is divided or shared among a group of people, each person is given a part of it among yourselves/ourselves/themselves: with each other Grammar among, between When you are talking about position, use among if there are more than two people or things around someone or something, and between if there is just one person or thing on each side       They hid among the reeds.       I put my bag on the ground between my feet. ⚠ Among is not commonly used after words such as 'relationship' and 'difference', even when more than two people or things are involved. Use between       the relationship between these three sectors of the economy
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Well-balanced
(Adj.) A well-balanced meal or diet contains all the different things you need to keep you healthy A well-balanced person is sensible and does not allow strong emotions to control their behaviour
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Cohesive
(Adj.) ``` Connected or related in a reasonable way to form a whole   Uniting people or things   cohesively adverb cohesiveness noun ```
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Presentation
(N.) The act of giving someone a prize or present at a formal ceremony  presentation of An event at which you describe or explain a new product or idea make/give a presentation The way in which something is said, offered, shown, or explained to others presentation of on presentation of something the act of performing a play presentation of (medical) The position in which a baby is lying in its mother's body just before it is born presentational adjective
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Profession
(N.) A job that needs a high level of education and training the legal/medical/teaching etc profession enter/go into/join a profession by profession All the people who work in a particular profession (formal) A statement of your belief, opinion, or feeling Profession of
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Proficient
(Adj.) To do something well or skilfully proficient in/at proficiently adverb
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Soothe
(V.) To make someone feel calmer and less anxious, upset, or angry   (also soothe something ↔ away) To make a pain become less severe, or slowly disappear soothing adjective   soothingly adverb
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Aggressive
(Adj.) Behaving in an angry threatening way, as if you want to fight or attack someone  Very determined to succeed or get what you want   An aggressive disease spreads quickly in the body aggressively adverb aggressiveness noun
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Fatigue
(N.) Very great tiredness SYN exhaustion with fatigue from fatigue (technical) A weakness in metal or wood, caused when it is bent or stretched many times, which is likely to make it break fatigues: loose-fitting army clothes
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Path
(N.) A track that has been made deliberately or made by many people walking over the same ground The space ahead of you as you move along path through The direction or line along which something or someone is moving in something's/somebody's path into the path of something A plan or series of actions that will help you achieve something, especially over a long period of time  path to freedom/success/independence etc the same/a different path somebody's paths cross: if two people's paths cross, they meet by chance
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Prone
(Adj.) Likely to do something or suffer from something, especially something bad or harmful prone to prone to do something accident-prone/injury-prone etc (formal) Lying down with the front of your body facing down SYN prostrate proneness noun prone adv
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Ease
(V.) If something unpleasant eases, or if you ease it, it gradually improves or becomes less ease the pain/stress/tension ease the pressure/burden To make a process happen more easily SYN smooth To move yourself or something slowly and carefully into another place or position  ease yourself into/through etc something ease your way past/through etc something
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Generally speaking
Used to introduce a statement that is true in most cases but not always  Generally speaking, the more expensive the stereo, the better it is
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Be into something
(spoken) To like and be interested in something  Im really into folk music
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Log in/on
Phrasal verb To do the necessary actions on a computer system that will allow you to begin using it [+ to]  You need to log on to your home page
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Purchase
(V.) (formal) to buy something  You can purchase insurance online.  the growing demand to purchase goods on credit  Where did you purchase the car •purchase from  Tickets may be purchased in advance from the box office. purchasable adjective purchaser noun  France was the no. 1 purchaser of Iraqi oil
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Pop
(V.) popped,popping Come suddenly or unexpectedly out of or away from something •pop out/off/up etc  The ball popped out of Smith's hands and onto the ground. •out/up popped something  The egg cracked open and out popped a tiny head.  The lid popped open and juice spilled all over the floor. (especially BrE) (spoken) To go somewhere quickly, suddenly, or in a way that you did not expect •pop in/out/by etc سر زدن  Why don't you pop by the next time youre in town  I need to pop into the drugstore for a second. •pop round (BrE)  Could you pop round to the shop for some bread
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Snap something/somebody up
Phrasal verb To buy something immediately, especially because it is very cheap  People were snapping up bargains. To eagerly take an opportunity to have someone as part of your company, team etc  Owen was snapped up by Liverpool before he’d even left school
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Pull on | clothing
(V.) To put on or take off a piece of clothing, usually quickly pull on/off/up/down etc  He pulled off his damp shirt
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Wrap up
(V.) (also wrap up) To put paper or cloth over something to cover it •wrap something in something  The present was beautifully wrapped in gold paper. •wrap something around somebody/something  Ive still got a few Christmas presents to wrap up. If you wrap your arms, legs, or fingers around something, you use them to hold it wrap something around somebody/something  He wrapped his arms around her waist
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Wear out
Phrasal verb To become damaged and useless, or to make something like this, by using it a lot or for a long time  My boots are beginning to wear out. •wear something ↔ out  He travels so much he actually wears out suitcases. •Wear somebody out: To make someone feel extremely tired SYN exhaust  All this shopping has worn us out. •wear yourself out  Illness and death came suddenly over the years she had simply worn herself out. •Wear out your welcome to stay with someone longer than they want you to
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Try something on
Phrasal verb To put on a piece of clothing to see if it fits you or if it suits you, especially in a shop  Meg was trying on some red sandals
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Take something up | cloths
Phrasal verb To make a piece of clothing shorter OPP let down
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Take something in | cloths
Phrasal verb To make a piece of clothing fit you by making it narrower OPP let out
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Put something on | cloths
Phrasal verb To put a piece of clothing on your body OPP take off  He took off his uniform and put on a sweater and trousers.  I’ll have to put my glasses on I can't read the sign from here
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Get something on | cloths
Phrasal verb To put a piece of clothing on  I can't get my boots on
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Go with | cloths
Phrasal verb colours/styles/tastes If colours, tastes, styles etc go, they look, taste etc good together  I don't think pink and yellow really go. •go with  Do you think this shirt will go with the skirt I bought •go together  Pork and apple go especially well together
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Window shopping
(N.) The activity of looking at goods in shop windows without intending to buy them window-shopper noun
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Chain | shops/hotels
(N.) A number of shops, hotels, cinemas etc owned or managed by the same company or person •chain of  a chain of restaurants hotel/restaurant/retail etc chain  several major UK supermarket chains
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Untamed
(Adj.) Allowed to remain in a wild state; not changed, controlled or influenced by anyone; not tamed a wild and untamed landscape He was so angry, he was like a untamed beast. Her untamed curls fell around her face
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Spectacular
``` (Adj.) Very impressive synonym breathtaking spectacular scenery Messi scored a spectacular goal. It was a spectacular achievement on their part. a spectacular display of fireworks ```
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Utilize
(V.) (BrE also utilise) Utilize something (as something) (formal): To use something, especially for a practical purpose synonym make use of The Romans were the first to utilize concrete as a building material. The resources at our disposal could have been better utilized. Vitamin C helps the body utilize the iron present in your body.
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Vintage
``` (N.) The wine that was produced in a particular year or place; the year in which it was produced the 1999 vintage 2005 was a particularly fine vintage. the youngest vintages of wines ``` [usually singular] The period or season of gathering grapes for making wine The vintage was later than usual.
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Diesel
(N.) (also diesel fuel, diesel oil) [uncountable] A type of heavy oil used as a fuel instead of petrol/gas a diesel engine (= one that burns diesel) diesel cars/locomotives/trains [countable] A vehicle that uses diesel fuel Our new car is a diesel.
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Gently
``` (Adv.) In a gentle way She held the baby gently. ‘You miss them, don't you?’ he asked gently. Simmer the soup gently for 30 minutes. Massage the area gently but firmly. leaves moving gently in the breeze The path ran gently down to the sea. ``` Gently! (BrE, informal) Used to tell somebody to be careful Gently! You'll hurt the poor thing! Don't go too fast—gently does it!
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Slope
(V.) (+ adv./prep.) (of a horizontal surface) To be at an angle so that it is higher at one end than the other The garden slopes away towards the river. The path sloped gently down. sloping shoulders (+ adv./prep.) (of something vertical) To be at an angle rather than being straight or vertical His handwriting slopes backwards. It was a very old house with sloping walls. (+ adv./prep.)(BrE, informal) To go somewhere quietly, especially in order to avoid something/somebody synonym slink They got bored waiting for him and sloped off.
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Ramp
(N.) A slope that joins two parts of a road, path, building, etc. when one is higher than the other Ramps should be provided for wheelchair users. (AmE) (BrE slip road) A road used for driving onto or off a major road such as a motorway or interstate a freeway exit ramp A slope or set of steps that can be moved, used for loading a vehicle or getting on or off a plane a loading ramp (Indian English) The long stage that models walk on during a fashion show synonym catwalk, runway
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Viaduct
(N.) A long high bridge, usually with arches, that carries a road or railway/railroad across a river or valley A train was crossing the viaduct. a railway viaduct over the river
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Clarence
(N.) A closed horse-drawn carriage with four wheels, seating four inside and two outside next to the coachman.
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Seclusion
(N.) The state of being private or of having little contact with other people the seclusion and peace of the island He spends much of his time in seclusion in the mountains.
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Inspirational
(Adj.) Providing inspiration an inspirational leader
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Chamber
(N.) A hall in a public building that is used for formal meetings The members left the council chamber. the Senate/House chamber (also Chamber) One of the parts of a parliament the Lower/Upper Chamber (= in Britain, the House of Commons/House of Lords) the Chamber of Deputies in the Italian parliament Under Senate rules, the chamber must vote on the bill by this Friday. (in compounds) A room used for the particular purpose that is mentioned a burial chamber Divers transfer from the water to a decompression chamber. A space in the body, in a plant or in a machine, which is separated from the rest the chambers of the heart the rocket’s combustion chamber the chamber of a gun (= the part that holds the bullets) A space under the ground which is almost completely closed on all sides They found themselves in a vast underground chamber. (old use) A bedroom or private room Lady Eleanor was found dead in her chamber.
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Depart
(V.) To leave a place, especially to start a trip •depart (for…) (from…) Flights for Rome depart from Terminal 3. She waited until the last of the guests had departed. •depart something (AmE) The train departed Amritsar at 6.15 p.m. (AmE) To leave your job the departing president •depart something He departed his job December 16.
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Decent
(Adj.) Of a good enough standard or quality (informal) a decent meal/job/place to live I need a decent night's sleep. (of people or behaviour) Honest and fair; treating people with respect ordinary, decent, hard-working people Everyone said he was a decent sort of guy. Acceptable to people in a particular situation a decent burial That dress isn't decent. She ought to have waited for a decent interval before getting married again. (informal) Wearing enough clothes to allow somebody to see you I can't go to the door—I'm not decent.
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Incline
(V.) (formal) To tend to think or behave in a particular way; to make somebody do this •incline to/towards something I incline to the view that we should take no action at this stage. Young people incline towards individualistic behaviour. •incline to do something The government is more effective than we incline to think. •incline somebody to/towards something Lack of money inclines many young people towards crime. •incline somebody to do something His obvious sincerity inclined me to trust him. Incline your head: To bend your head forward, especially as a sign of agreement, welcome, etc. He inclined his head in acknowledgement. Incline (something) (to/towards something): To lean or slope in a particular direction; to make something lean or slope The land inclined gently towards the shore.
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Revolve
(V.) To go in a circle around a central point The fan revolved slowly. The earth revolves on its axis.