Health 2

Question 1

Cognitions are m…

Answer 1

Modifiable determinants of behaviour

Question 2

Cognitions are modifiable determinants of behaviour, and so give rise to

Answer 2

Health behaviours

Question 3

Cognitions are modifiable determinants of behaviour, so are therefore t….

Answer 3

Targets of intervention

Question 4

Changed cognitions =

Answer 4

Changed behaviour

Question 5

Volitional =

Answer 5

Voluntary/free will

Question 6

The Rubicon Model of Action Phases (Heckhausen, 2007) has 4 stages…

Answer 6

2 motivational

2 volitional

Question 7

Volitional phases are pre…

Answer 7

Actional

Question 8

Motivational phases are pre…

Answer 8

Decisional

Question 9

Quinn (2001) cycle helmet study drew from the theory…

Answer 9

Of planned behaviour

Question 10

Quinn (2001) cycle helmet study

Intentions were more ______ in the ________!

Answer 10

Positive

Intervention group

Question 11

Hardeman (2002) conducted a review of TPB health behaviour intentions, testing the gap between…

Answer 11

Intention

Behaviour

Question 12

Hardeman (2002) tested the behaviour-intention gap. There were only 12 TPB based interventions.

What effects were found?

Answer 12

Small to medium effects

Question 13

Three key problems with testing the intention-behaviour gap with TPB

Answer 13

1. Lack of initial studies
2. How can TPB cognitions be changed
3. Lack of assessment on mediators of TPB cognitions

Question 14

Webb & Sheerans meta-analsyis (2002)

Found that a med…

Answer 14

Medium to large change in intention = small to medium change in behaviour

Question 15

TPB initially was very good at predicting behaviour. However, we are left with a gap. This is known as the…

Answer 15

Intention-behaviour gap

Question 16

Sheeran (2002) looked at the intention behaviour gap, and identified 4 types of people

Answer 16

(1) Inclined actor
(2) Inclined abstainer
(3) Disinclined actor
(4) Disinclined abstainer

Question 17

An inclined abstainer has

Answer 17

Good intentions

Does not follow through

Question 18

Sheeran (2002)

53% of people who intend to act

Answer 18

Will act

Question 19

Sheeran (2002)

47% of people who intend to act

Answer 19

Will not act

Question 20

A disinclined actor has

Answer 20

Low intentions

Does change behaviour

Question 21

A disinclined abstainer

Answer 21

Is not inclined

Does not act

Question 22

Sheeran (2002)

93% of people who do NOT intend to act

Answer 22

Will not act

Question 23

We can overcome the intention-behaviour gap by using…

Answer 23

Implementation intentions

Question 24

Implementation intentions are broken down into (2)

Answer 24

Goal intentions

Implementation intentions

Question 25

Goal intentions, e.g.

Answer 25

I intend to do X

Question 26

Implementation intentions, e.g.

Answer 26

I intend to do X when situation Y is encountered

Question 27

Stage-matched interventions posit

Answer 27

Match interventions to stage of change

Question 28

Stage-matched interventions believe there is no point making plans with someone no-where near the action planning stage (e.g. at a _________________ stage)

Answer 28

Pre-contemplation

Question 29

This intervention believes that there is no point using one intervention to suit everyone as everyone is at different stages

Answer 29

Stage-matched

Question 30

Stage matched intervention believes The majority of at-risk populations are not

Answer 30

Prepared for action

Question 31

Staged-matched interventions believe that at-risk populations are not prepared for action, and so will not be affected by

Answer 31

Traditional action-oriented prevention programmes

Question 32

An example of a stage-matched intervention is

Answer 32

Tailoring

Question 33

(SM interventions) Can't use same intervention for everyone as people have different c...

Answer 33

Cognitive profiles

Question 34

(SM interventions - Tailoring) One study showed that tailoring was...

Answer 34

More effective in changing behaviour

Question 35

(SM interventions - Tailoring) Another meta-analysis looked at 37

Answer 35

Randomised control trials

Question 36

(SM interventions - Tailoring) Another meta-analysis found there was

Answer 36

Limited evidence for effectiveness of SM interventions for: a) Behaviour change b) Facilitating stage progression

Question 37

Social cognition models: A critique What is the predictive success like

Answer 37

Poor | Explain

Question 38

Social cognition models: A critique Alternative predictors of behaviour

Answer 38

1. Extension of models | 2. Neglect of important conditions

Question 39

Social cognition models: A critique What else might influence behaviour (b)?

Answer 39

Biopsychosocial influences

Question 40

Biopsychosocial influences, i.e.

Answer 40

Behaviours involved reward-circuit

Question 41

Social cognition models: A critique Identifies cognitive targets but...

Answer 41

Doesn't specify how to change

Question 42

Social cognition models: A critique There could be a ___________ to risky behaviours?!

Answer 42

Survival function

Question 43

Social cognition models: A critique SCMs too ______ to explain all health behaviour

Answer 43

Simple

Question 44

Social cognition models: A critique Some single mothers use smoking as a

Answer 44

Coping behaviour Should we really change this?

Question 45

Main limitations of the TPB 1. There is significant variation across ___________, and __________ differ in their _____________

Answer 45

Behaviours Components Predictive value

Question 46

Main limitations of the TPB TPB is largely more successful in predicting behaviours under......

Answer 46

Volitional control

Question 47

Main limitations of the TPB TPB is less successful with predicting complex .... and

Answer 47

Risk behaviours With younger people

Question 48

Main limitations of the TPB However, addition of other predictive variables ....

Answer 48

Increases predictive power

Question 49

Falko, Presseau & Araujo-Soares (2014) believe it is time to

Answer 49

Retire the TPB