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WS Flashcards

1
Q

Weight stigma refers to

A
  • Neg. attitudes held towards OW/OB

- Subsequent prejudice/discrimination

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2
Q

In the UK, 2/3rds of adults are

A

OW/OB

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3
Q

1 in 5 children in _______ were ______

A

Reception

OW/OB

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4
Q

Common belief that shaming individuals about their weight will

A

Incentivise weight-loss

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5
Q

Causes of Obesity (6)

A 
Social influences
Food production 
Food consumption 
Individual activity 
Biology 
Environment
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6
Q

Weight stigma OCCURS because

A

Blame is attributed to the individual

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7
Q

Puhl and Heuer (2009) found strong attitudes towards OB people, such as

A

Unintelligent
Lazy
Undisciplined

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8
Q

Puhl and Heuer (2009) also found that weight stigma is found in various places, such as

A

Personal relationships
Workplace
Healthcare

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9
Q

Puhl, Andreyeva and Brwnell (2008)

Weight stigma is the second most

A

Common form of discrimination in women

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10
Q

Callahan (2013)

We apply social pressure on OW/OB individuals, as it is a common belief

A

Shaming will incentivise weight-loss

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11
Q

Puhl, Andreyeva and Brwnell (2008)

….We do this because it is commonly thought that shaming will incentivise weight loss

A

Apply social pressure

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12
Q

Which are the MAJOR studies to memorise? (5) (Non-reading)

A 
Harrison et al., 2016
Nickson et al., 2016
Schwartz et al., 2003
Schvey et al., 2011
DeJong, 1993
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13
Q

Who conducted the independent reading and what was the topic? (2)

A

Kyle + Puhl, 2014

People-first language

Phelan et al., 2015

Weight-stigma in healthcare

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14
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

What was the method

A

1/3 story books read to children about Alfie or Thomas

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15
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

How were the storybooks manipulated

A

Alfie was either overweight or healthy weight

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16
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

When Alfie was overweight, he was (3)

A
  1. Rated as having fewer friends
  2. Less likely to win race
  3. Only 1/43 chose to be friends with him
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17
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

When Alfie was HEALTHY WEIGHT (1)…

A

Ratings did not differ

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18
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

Conclusion: when forced to choose,

A

Children prefer to be friends with a healthy weight child

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19
Q

Harrison et al., 2016

What weight was Thomas?

A

Always healthy weight

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20
Q

Eisenberg (2006) WS impact on Children.

Weight-based teasing could predict (3)…

A
  1. Lower self-esteem
  2. Lower body image
  3. Higher depression
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21
Q

Puhl, Peterson & Leducicke (2013)

___% of boys enrolled in a weight_loss programme reported weight-based teasing

A

71%

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22
Q

Eaton et al., (2005) (WS on children)

Children who experienced weight-based teasing had a 2x…

A

Increased chance of contemplating suicide

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23
Q

Puhl et al., (2011)

How does weight-stigma affect a child’s education?

A

May avoid school

24
Q

Zavodny (2013)

How does weight-stigma affect a child’s education from the teachers stance?

A

Teachers rated performance as WORSE than it truly was

25
Puhl et al., (2017) Conducted a __________ study on the impact of WS in children
Longitudinal
26
Puhl et al., (2017) conducted a ________ study over ____ years on the impact of WS
Longitudinal 15
27
Puhl et al., (2017) (Longitudinal study on WS) Weight-based teasing predicted...15 years later(3)
1. Binge eating 2. Weight gain 3. Obesity
28
Giehl (2010) found that weight status was a source of discrimination in the _________, especially for _______
Women
29
Giehl and Nickson (2016) studied the impact of weight stigma in
Adults
30
Nickson et al., (2016) Faces were digitally morphed so that they were
OW or Non OW
31
Nickson et al., (2016) Participants were asked:
"Assume you need to hire someone for a CF or non CF role. Who would you pick?"
32
Nickson et al., (2016) Findings Non CF:
Did not affect hiring
33
Nickson et al., (2016) Findings Customer facing:
More likely to hire non-OW than OW
34
Nickson et al., (2016) Findings The effect was greater for
FEMALE faces
35
Phelan et al., (2015) conducted a study on weight-stigma in
Healthcare
36
Phelan et al., (2015) How might SETTING factors influence weight-stigma (2)
- Clinical equipment too small | - Weight measurement/querying about physical activity
37
Phelan et al., (2015) Clinical equipment may be too small, which promotes...
Identity threat
38
Foster et al., (2003) Found that health care practitioners find OB people to be...
Weak-willed, sloppy, lazy
39
Sabin, Marini and Nosek (2012) Found a ______ _______ and ______ _______ bias in health-care practitioners
Strong Implicit + Explicit Anti-fat
40
Schwartz et al., (2003) Measured the attitudes of 389 Obesity professionals using the
IAT
41
Schwartz et al., (2003) Found a significant ______ _________ in healthcare professionals
Implicit anti-fat bias
42
Schvey, Puhl + Brownwell (2014) The physiological impacts of WS in OW/OB people include
Increased cortisol | Increased BP
43
Mitchell et al., (2008) Which health-preventative behaviours are OW/OB people LESS LIKELY to undergo?
Less likely to attend cancer screenings
44
Schvey et al., (2011) Studied WS on pro-health behaviours What was the method
Stigmatising video or neutral video Snack intake measured
45
Schvey et al., (2011) Studied WS on pro-health behaviours It was found that the MORE...
Stigmatising the video was, the less pro-HB participants felt Greater snack intake
46
Puhl and Bromwell (2009) The main cause of weight-stigma is
Attributing blame to the individual
47
Puhl and Bromwell (2009) OB/OW people are seen as lazy and undisciplined. This is a ______ belief
Persistent
48
DeJong (1993) High-schoolers rated a OW woman. They were told she was overweight due to
An EXTERNAL (e.g. disease) or INTERNAL (e.g. over-eating) cause
49
DeJong (1993) Findings (internal cause obesity)
Rated as more self indulgent/less disciplined
50
DeJong (1993) Findings (external cause)
Ratings did not differ
51
Kushner et al., (2014) (Reducing WS in Education) First-year medical students
Role-played with feedback
52
Kushner et al., (2014) (Reducing WS in Education) Negative STs reduced/increased after training
Reduced
53
Kushner et al., (2014) (Reducing WS in Education) At the 1 year follow up...
The effect diminished
54
Kushner et al., (2014) (Reducing WS in Education) The study is LIMITED because (2)
1. Based on explicit attitudes | 2. More research needed
55
Kyle + Puhl (2014) What is an example of disease-first language
Obese people
56
Kyle + Puhl (2014) What is an example of people-first language
Person with obesity
57
Kyle + Puhl (2014) People-first language is standard for...
Respectfully addressing the issue

246 S2 (18 decks)

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