How to study the brain Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
case study: HM
A
- resection of medial temporal lobe/ hippocampus to stop seizures
- impairments in declarative and spatial memory
- other functions unaffected
2
Q
memory systems: taxonomy
A
lists brain structures and connections important for memory
3
Q
experimentally induced lesions and manipulations
A
- selective destruction
- temporary pharmacological manipulations via pre implanted micro-cannulae to switch neurons and receptors on
- electrical stimulation of brain sites
- targeted mutations
- optogenetics
- trans-cranial magnetic stimulation
4
Q
neurochemical study of brain connectivity
A
- neuronal tract tracing
- diffusion magnetic resonance imaging
- polymodal sensory input to hippocampus
5
Q
electrophysiology: electrical activity
A
single unit recordings:
- recording electrical activity of single neurons
local field potential recordings:
- recording electrical potentials generated by many neurons
6
Q
MRI
A
- emanates from hydrogen nuclei excited by magnetic pulse
- structural contrast of tissue types due to different densities
- functional signal changes, based on blood oxygen level dependent signal
7
Q
PET
A
- injection of radioactive tracers that resemble compounds
- use detections followed in brain
8
Q
changes in Parkinsons
A
- less DAT in striatum- reflects degeneration of dopaminergic fibres that express transporters
- more binding of dopamine tracer - reflects less release that could displace from receptors
- hypo vs hyperactive
9
Q
electrophysiology in humans
A
- invase single unit and LFP - rare cases for pre surgical evaluation for epilepsy patients
- surface EEG - spontaneous and event related
- magnetencephalography - small magnetic field changes, voltage changes due to activity <1cm spatial resolution
10
Q
modelling the brain
A
spatial learning and navigation
Darwin X
1. Darwin and simulated brain
2. spatial memory task
3. spatial learning
4. place specific firing in simulated hippocampus
