transmission within neurons

Question 1

supporting cells

Answer 1

glia: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, node of Ranvier
- support, waste service, supply of nutrients and chemicals

Question 2

transmission within a neuron

Answer 2

• an electrical process > electrical charge
• negative on the inside
• resting potential
• neurons can reverse their electrical charge

Question 3

cell membrane

Answer 3

membrane - phospholipid molecules
ion channels - spans the membrane
ions - charged molecules
- cations are positively charged
- anions are negatively charged

intercellular contains K+ and A-
extracellular contains Na+ and Cl-

Question 4

membrane potential

Answer 4

difference in electrical charge potential inside and outside the cell
balance by: diffusion and electrostatic pressure
potassium, chloride, sodium ions

Question 5

resting potential

Answer 5

inside = negative
outside = positive

• maintained so neurons can respond rapidly
• action potential = info sent through an axon

Question 6

action potential

Answer 6

electrical
rapid change in membrane potential
fires and stays the same size throughout transmission
depolarisation = decrease from normal to resting, voltage gated sodium channels open
hyperpolarisation = increase relative to resting potential

Question 7

propagation

Answer 7

• action potential transmitted down axon via propagation
• regenerated due to entry of sodium ions

Question 8

salatory conduction

Answer 8

• action potential regenerated along axon at nodes of Ranvier
• fast conduction
• more energy efficient