HTN1 Flashcards
what is the normal category of BP according to JNC 7
<80
what is the prehypertensive category of BP according to JNC 7
120-139 or 80-89
what is the Stage 1 HTN category of BP according to JNC 7
140-159 or 90-99
what is the stage 2 HTN category of BP according to JNC 7
greater than 160 or greater than 100
what are the 2 types of HTN
primary/ essential HTN = idiopathic
secondary HTN
what is the formula for BP
CO x PVR
what are 3 types of arteries and arterioles
- splanchnic
- skeletal muscle
- renal
what happens to PVR as the diameter of arteries decreases (vasoconstriction)
PVR increases
will an increase or decrease on CO increase BP?
how bout an increase or decrease in PVR?
increase in CO increases BP
increase in PVR increases CO
PVR or SVR is determined by what
- direct innervation
- circulating regulators
- local regulators
CO is determined by what two factors
heart rate
stroke volume
heart rate is determined by what?
parasympathetic nervous sytem
sympathetic nervous system
catecholamines
what determines your SV (stroke volume
- contractility
2. preload
what determines preload
venous tone
Intravascular volume
list some local regulators that determine
HA A PEN H+ Angio II Adenosine NO Prostacyclin Endothelin
direct innervation of what receptors cause increase in SVR by vasoconstriction
alpha1 receptors
what are the 4 mains sites of control of BP that can be triggeres
- arteriole resistance (constriction or dilation)
- Venule Capacitance (Preload)
- Heart pump Output
- Kidney Volume (intravascular vol.)
what regulates short term BP control
baroreceptors and
sympathetic nervous system
what activates baroreceptors
stretch in veins or arteries
what regulates long term BP control
kidneys and
RAA system
a decrease in blood pressures does what to:
1 sympathetic activity
2 renal blood flow
3 GFR
1 increase sympoathetic activity
2 decrease renal blood flow
3 decreasee GFR
decrease blood flow has what sympathetic effect on what adrenoreceptors?
activates B1 receptros on the heart
activates alpha1 receptros of smooth muscle
activates adrenoreceptros on kidney
what effect does activation of B1 adrenoreceptors on the heart have?
increases CO
what effect does activation of alpha-1 adrenoreceptors on the smooth muscles have?
increased venous return and increased PVR
