HF1 Flashcards
what are some causes of acute exacerbations
- medication non-adherence
- increased blood volume
- uncontrolled HTN
- Illness
- drugs
intake of what can exacerbate HF by increasing blood volume
increased sodium and water intake
what are 5 drugs that can exacerbate HF
- NSAIDS
- alcohol
- non-DHP CCBs
- BBs
- antiarrhythics
what are some systolic HF characteristics
decreased mechanical pumping actions
decreased ejection fraction
an ejection fraction less than what diagnoses HF
less than 40%
what is the most common type of HF?
systolic or diastolic
systolic
what are some characteristics of diastolic HF?
- normal ejection fraction
- stiffened left ventricle
- dysfunction with relaxation/ filling
who is at the highest risk for diastolic HF
elderly women
what commonly causes diastolic HF
ischemia and hypertrophy
failure of which side of the heart causes pitting edema
right HF
failure of which side of the heart causes elevated brain naturetic peptide (BNP)
both Left and right HF
failure of which side of the heart causes positive jugular venous distension (+JVD)
right HF
failure of which side of the heart causes rales and crackles
left HF
failure of which side of the heart causes PND (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea)
left HF
failure of which side of the heart causes a cough
Both left and right
what are the 2 symptoms of right sided failure
edema and nocturia
how do you calculate SV
end diastolic volume - end systolic volume
what is the max amount of blood in ventricle filling during diastole
end diastolic volume
what is the minimum amount of blood left in heart (during contration)
end systolic volume
ventricular performance is synonymous with what
end systolic volume
ejection fraction is calculated how
stoke volume/ EDV
what is the left ventricular filling during diastole refer to?
preload
what determines preload
end diastolic volume
what is influenced by preload
stroke volume
