immune cells

Question 1

what is this

Answer 1

Neutrophil

Question 2

what is this

Answer 2

monocyte

Question 3

what is this

Answer 3

basophil

Question 4

what is this

Question 5

what is this

Answer 5

eosinophil

Question 6

name these left to right

Answer 6

monocyte

lymphocyte

neutrophil

eosinophil

basophil

Question 7

what is this

Answer 7

macrophage

Question 8

macrophages

Answer 8

phagocytoic, respiratory burst, produce NO

Question 9

hematopoietic cells

Answer 9

stemp cells which diffrentiate into blood cells

• cells of the innate immune sytem derive from myeloid precurosors
• whereas cells associated with the adaptive immune system are derived from common lymphoid precursors

Question 10

role of neutrophil

Answer 10

They circulate around our body in the bloodstream, and when they sense signals that an infection is present, they are the first cells to migrate to the site of the infection to begin killing the invading microbes.

– self destrcut after one burst of activity

Question 11

role of basophil

Answer 11

Invovled in mmune response to parasites. They have IgE receptors and granules are released when cells bind to IgE

Question 12

role of eosinophils

Answer 12

phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes.

A high eosinophil blood count may indicate allergic reaction

Produce histamine

Question 13

role of platelets

Answer 13

are a component of blood whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to stop bleeding by clumping and clotting blood vessel injuries

Question 14

role of monocytes

Answer 14

They are cells that possess a large smooth nucleus, a large area of cytoplasm, and many internal vesicles for processing foreign material. Monocytes and their macrophage and dendritic-cell progeny serve three main functions in the immune system. These are phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and cytokine production

Question 15

role of dendritic

Answer 15

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (also known as accessory cells) of the mammalian immune system. Their main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system. They act as messengers between the innate and the adaptive immune systems.

Question 16

which cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive immune system

Answer 16

dendritic cells

Question 17

role of mast cells

Answer 17

The IgE-primed mast cell releases granules and powerful chemical mediators, such as histamine, cytokines, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), leukotrienes, heparin, and many proteases into the environment. These chemical mediators cause the characteristic symptoms of allergy

Question 18

which cells are derived from myeloid progenitor cells

Answer 18

neutrophils,, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, dendritic cells

Question 19

role of NK cells

Answer 19

• killing infected cell
• lymphocyte lineage
• activate macrophages
• kills in the same way as CD8 cells

Question 20

T cell

Answer 20

T cells can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells, by the presence of a T-cell receptor on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus from thymocytes[1] (although some also mature in the tonsils[2]). The several subsets of T cells each have a distinct function.

Question 21

B cell

Answer 21

B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system by secreting antibodies.

Question 22

which cells derive from common lymphoid progenitor cells

Answer 22

NK cells, T cells, B cells

Question 23

T helper cells

Answer 23

Helper T cells are arguably the most important cells in adaptive immunity, as they are required for almost all adaptive immune responses. They not only help activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes, but they also help activate cytotoxic T cells to kill infected target cells.

Question 24

Th 1 cells activate

Answer 24

B cells –> plasma cells

Macrophages –> activated macrophages

NK cell–> acitvated NK cell

CD8 T cell –> cytotoxic T cell

Question 25

IFN-gamma secreted by Th1 activate

Answer 25

B cells and macrophages

Question 26

IFN- gamma and IL-2 secreted by Th1 activate

Answer 26

NK cells

CD8 T cells

Question 27

CD8 T cells

Answer 27

cytotoxic T cells (CD8)

–> killing inected cells

Question 28

all nucleate cells have

Answer 28

major histocompatibility complex 1 (MHC 1) molecules

Question 29

Innate immune cells

Answer 29

N E B M D N- M

Neutrophil

Eosinophil

Basophil

Mast

Dendritic

Natural killer

monocyte/macrophages

Question 30

Adaptive

Answer 30

cytotoxic T cells (CD8)

Helper T cells

B lymphocytes

Question 31

B lymphocytes

Answer 31

neutralisation of microbes, phagocytosis, complement activation

Question 32

maturation of T lymphocyte

Answer 32

Bone: pre- T cell

Thymus: selection of T cells with appropriately rearranged receptors for antigen

lymph node: Naive T cell

lymph node: encounter with antigen bearing DC (dendritic cell) leads to activation an functional polarisation to effector or memory T cell

Peripheral tissue: carry out effector function

Lymph node:memory T cell

Question 33

Th2 cells activate

Answer 33

naive b cells–> plasma cells

Macrophages -> activated

eosinophil

Basophil, mast cells (defence against extracellular bacteria and parasites)

Question 34

what do basophils release

Answer 34

prostaglandins, serotonin and histamines to increase bloodflow to the area

Question 35

monocytes are precursors of

Answer 35

tissue macrophages- transform when inside tissue

Question 36

most commone WBC

Answer 36

neutrophils - 60-70%

Question 37

second most common WBC

Answer 37

lymphocyte (20-50%)

B+T cells

Question 38

second least common

Answer 38

Eosinophils

Question 39

least common WBC

Answer 39

basophils