respiratory medicine Flashcards
what is allergic asthma caused by
degranulation of mast and basophil cells, releasing histamine
histamine and the bronchioles
causes bronchospasm- construction of the bronchi
bronchospasm
constriction of muscle walls of bronchioles
salbutamol basic
opens up medium/large airways in the lungs
salbutamol is used to treat
asthma and COPD
what is salbutamol also used to treat
high blood potassium levels
salbutamol mechanism
1) stimulates beta (2) adrenergic receptors
2) once minded the bronchiole smooth muscle will relax
3) salbutamol increases production of cAMP by activating adenyl cyclase
4) this increases intracellular cAMP and therefore the activity of cAMP dependent kinase A
5) cAMP dependent kinase A inhibits phosphorylation of myosin and lower intracellular conc of Ca2+
6) lower conc of Ca2+–> smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation
when there is an increased conc of intracellular cAMP..
increased activity of cAMP dependent protein kinase A
when increased activity of cAMP dependent protein kinase A
it inhibits phosphorylation of myosin and lowers intracellular conc of Ca2+
if there is a lower intracellular conc of Ca2+
smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation
what does salbutamol also inhibit the release of
bronchorestribting agents from mast cells and enhances mucocilarty clearance
hydrocortisone e.g.
beclomethasone
hydrocortisone process
1) unbound corticosteroids cross CSM and bund with a high affinity to cytoplasmic receptors
2) anti-inflammatory actions of cortisones are thought to involve phospholipase A2 inhibiting proteins, lipocortins, which control biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prestoglandins and leukotrients
