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FA Review > Immunology II (pg 208+) > Flashcards

Immunology II (pg 208+) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is type I hypersensitivity rxn?

A

Free antigen cross linking on IgE on mast cells and basophils

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2
Q

What causes the delayed type I hypersensitivity rxn?

A

Production of arachidonic acid metabolites

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3
Q

What is the type II hypersensitivity rxn?

A

Cytotoxic = IgM and IgG bind to fixed antigen on other cells, leading to cellular destruction

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4
Q

What are the two types of C regions on the light chains of abs?

A

Kappa and lambda

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5
Q

What are the C regions of the heavy chain of Abs?

A

Part for specificity of IgA, IgG etc.

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6
Q

What are the 3 MOA of type II hypersensitivity?

A
  • Opsonization leading to phagocytosis
  • Complement mediated lysis
  • Antibody-dependent, cell mediated cytotoxicity
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7
Q

What is the direct Coomb’s test?

A

detects antibodies that have adhered to patient’s RBCs (e/g/ test an Rh + infant of an Rh - mother)

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8
Q

What is the indirect Coomb’s test?

A

Detects antibodies that can adhere to other RBCs (e.g. test an Rh - woman for Rh + abs)

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9
Q

What is the MOA of papain on abs? Pepsin?

A 
Papain =  breaks Fc from variable region and light chains apart 
Pepsin = breaks Fc from variable region
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10
Q

What is the Arthus rxn?

A

a local subacute antibody mediated type III reaction

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11
Q

What is type IV hypersensitivity rxn?

A

Delayed type–sensitized T lymphocytes encounter antigen, and then release lymphokines–no ab involved

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12
Q

What are the four T’s of type IV hypersensitivity rxns?

A

T lymphocytes
Transplant rejections
TB skin test
Touching (contact dermatitis)

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13
Q

What are the components of the ACID mnemonic that describes that four types of hypersensitivity rxns?

A
  • Anaphylactic and atopic
  • Cytotoxic (antibody mediated)
  • Immune complexes
  • Delayed
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14
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: autoimmune hemolytic anemia

A

II

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15
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: SLE

A

III

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16
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: MS

A

IV

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17
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: ITP

A

II

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18
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: polyarteritis nodosa

A

III

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19
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: Guillian barre

A

Iv

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20
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: erythroblastosis fetalis

A

II

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21
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: post streptococcal GMN

A

III

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22
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: serum sickness

A

III

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23
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: arthus rxn

A

III

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24
Q

Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: goodpasture

A

II

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25
Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: Bullous pemphigoid
II
26
Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: pemphigus vulgaris
II
27
Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: GVHD
IV
28
Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: PPD test
IV
29
Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: contact dermatitis
IV
30
Name the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved: rhinitis
I
31
What is the pathogenesis and presentation of allergic transfusion rxns?
- type I hypersensitivity rxn against plasma proteins in transfused blood - Urticaria, pruritus, wheezing, fever
32
What is the pathogenesis and presentation of anaphylactic transfusion rxns?
- Severe allergic rxn, usually d/t IgA deficiency | - Dyspnea, bronchospasm, hypotension, shock
33
What is the pathogenesis and presentation of febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion rxns?
- Type II hypersensitivity rxn; host abs against donor HLA antigens and leukocytes - Fever, HA, chills, flushing
34
What is the pathogenesis and presentation of acute hemolytic transfusion rxns?
- Type II hypersensitivity rxn that causes intravascular hemolysis. D/t ABO blood group incompatibility. - Fever, hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, flank pain, jaundice
35
What does the Fab determine? Fc?
``` Fab = Idiotype Fc = isotype ```
36
What are the two antibodies that can bind antibodies?
IgG and IgM
37
True or false: antibodies are glycoproteins, and their carbs moieties are attached to the CH2 domain
True
38
How does isotype switching occur?
V(D)J rearrangement
39
What are the autoantibodies in: MG?
anti-ACh receptor
40
What are the autoantibodies in: goodpasture
Anti BM
41
What are the autoantibodies in: SLE, antiphospholipid syndrome
Anti-cardiolipin | Lupus anticoagulant
42
What are the autoantibodies in: CREST (limited scleroderma)
Anticentromere
43
What are the autoantibodies in: SLE
Anti smith Anti dsDNA ANA
44
What are the autoantibodies in: DM I
Anti glutamate decarboxylate
45
What are the autoantibodies in: Bullous pemiphgoid
Anti hemidesmosome
46
What are the autoantibodies in: drug induced lupus
anti-histone
47
What are the autoantibodies in: polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Anti Jo Anti-SRP Anti-Mi-2
48
What are the autoantibodies in: Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Antimicrosomal | Antithyroglobulin
49
What are the autoantibodies in: primary biliary cirrhosis
Antimitochondrial
50
What are the autoantibodies in: Diffuse scleroderma
Anti SCL-70 (anti DNA topoisomerase I)
51
What are the autoantibodies in: Autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-smooth mucle
52
What are the autoantibodies in: Sjogren's syndrome?
Anti-SSA (ro) | Anti-SSB (la)
53
What are the autoantibodies in: Grave's disease?
Anti TSH
54
What are the autoantibodies in: mixed CT disease?
Anti U1 RNP
55
What are the autoantibodies in: GPA (Wegener's)
c-ANCA
56
What are the autoantibodies in: celiac disease
IgA antiendomysial | IgA anti tissue transglutaminase
57
Which has D chain, light or heavy
Only heavy
58
What are the three segments of the light chain ab?
V J C
59
What are the autoantibodies in: microscopic polyangiitis
p-ANCA
60
What are the auto-antibodies in: Churg Strauss syndrome
p-ANCA
61
True or false; light chains have both kappa and lambda light chains
False--either or
62
What is the most abundant light chain?
Kappa chain
63
The variable domain of the light chains is encoded by random recombination of which light chain exon?
V and J
64
What are the autoantibodies in: RA?
Rheumatoid factor | Anti CCP
65
What chromosome has the heavy chain of Abs?
14
66
The first recombination event in heavy chain rearrangement is what?
Between D and J
67
What is the first step of B cell maturation?
Development of heavy chain
68
Which comes first: pro B cells, or Pre B cells?
Pro
69
B cell receptors are membrane bound Ig that are composed of what?
Two heavy and two light chains
70
What is the peaks of serum electrophoresis? (5)
``` 1 = albumin 2 = alpha 1 3 = alpha 2 4 = beta 5 = gamma ```
71
What are the protein components of MHC class I and II?
``` I = long alpha and short beta chain II = Two similar lengths alpha and bet chains (both are membrane spanning) ```
72
B cells express what CD molecules?
CD 5
73
What is the CD protein that is found on all T cells?
CD3
74
What is the MOA and use of muromonab?
- ANti CD3 ab to prevent T cell activation | - Used for heart and renal transplants

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