Flashcards in Inheritance Deck (40)
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Define heredity
The passing of traits from parents to offspring
1
What are the two types of reproduction
Asexual and sexual reproduction
2
Asexual reproduction
"Clone" A single individual is the sole parent and passes copies of all it's jeans to its offspring
3
What is sexual reproduction
Two parents giving rise to offspring that are unique combination of jeans
4
Where is all this information for all the seriation stored
Genes
5
What is a gene
A segment of DNA
6
What determines genetic traits
One or more genes
7
Genes code for the production of particular
Proteins
8
Proteins express
The characteristic of the genes
9
Nucleic acid store genetic information in chromosomes which are passed from _____ to ______ during reproduction
Parents
Offspring
10
Genes are segments of
DNA located on are chromosomes
11
What type of organism is DNA one circular chromosome
Prokaryotic
12
In what organism is DNA packaged into the chromosomes in the nucleus
Eukaryotic
13
Duplicated chromosomes are called
Sister chromatids
14
Sister chromatids are held together by the
Centromere
15
In interphase the DNA is uncoil and is called
Chromatin
16
How many chromosomes to humans have
46
17
What are the first 22 pairs of the human chromosomes called
Autosomes
18
What are the last pair of the human chromosomes called
The sex chromosomes
19
What do the sex chromosomes determine
The organisms gender
20
What are homologous chromosomes
A pair of chromosomes (maternal and paternal) similar in size and shape
21
What do homologies chromosomes carry
They carry genes controlling the same inherited traits
22
What are alleles
Different forms of the genes that control the same inherited traits
23
What is fertilization
To pass genes from mother to father gametes must fused together in the process called fertilization
24
Define zygote
The fertilized cell becomes a new, unique organism called a zygote
25
Each gamete (egg or sperm) has only a
Single chromosome from each homologous pair (haploid chromosome number)
26
Zygote has
One of each pair of homologous chromosomes (one from mom one from dad) or the diploid chromosome number
27
What is the type of reproduction division that produces genetically different gametes
Meiosis
28
What happensin interface of meiosis 1
G1: cell growth
S: DNA replication
G2: organelles replicate
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