Flashcards in Unit Test: cells Deck (39)
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Active transport
Active transport is the movement of a substance from low concentration to high concentration
(against its concentration gradient)
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What is aerobic respiration
Process of producing cellular energy involving oxygen
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What does aerobic respiration produce how many
Roughly 36 ATP
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Where does aerobic respiration occur
The mitochondria
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What is the first step in aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
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What is the second step in aerobic respiration
Citric acid cycle
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Is the third process in aerobic respiration
Electron transport system
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What is aerobic respiration used for
Working your muscles, growth and repair of cells, building a larger molecules from smaller ones, allowing chemicals are reactions to take place, absorbing molecules and active transport, keeping your body temperature constant, sending messages along or's
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Define anaerobic respiration
A form of respiration using electronic transports other than oxygen
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Which cells use anaerobic respiration
Mostly in prokaryotes
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What are the stages of anaerobic respiration
Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain
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Product of anaerobic respiration
Carbon dioxide, ATP
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Where is anaerobic respiration located
Mitochondria
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What is ATP
ATP is considered to be the energy currency of life: high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything we do
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Where is ATP synthesized
Mitochondria
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Is the process by which the ATP is synthesized
Glycolysis
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What is ADP
ADP is an ingredient for DNA. It is converted to ATP to release and store energy
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Define chemosynthesis
In places in the world such as the seafloor where son cannot provide energy chemosynthesis is the process by which animals on the seafloor obtain energy through chemicals.
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Define concentration gradient
The movement of high concentration to low concentration- kind of like diffusion
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Define electron transport chain
Series of enzymes embedded in the membrane takes the electron carriers electrons and uses their energy for pumping protons increasing protein concentration
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Define endocytosis
During endocytosisThe cell membrane folds into a pouch surrounding particles outside the cell.
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What is formed to allow particles to move inside the cell during endocytosis
transport vesicle
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Define exocytosis
The opposite of endocytosis. Particles are transported out of the cell. A vesicle containing Waste or cell products Ruth toward the cell membrane and fuses with it as the contents inside the vesicle are secreted
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Defined facilitated diffusion
Also known as passive transport, The movement of a substance from low concentration to high concentration
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What is glycolysis
Glycolysis is the source of ATP
Is a series of reaction that breaks down sugars while producing ATP
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When does glycolysis occur
The cell needs energy
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Where does glycolysis occur
In the cytoplasm
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Define hydrophilic
Having a tendency to mix with dissolve in or be wetted by water
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Define hydrophobic
Tending to repel or fail to mix with water
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