Flashcards in intro Deck (29):
1
the function of the CV system is to
maintain homeostasis
2
the heart acts as a
pump
3
the blood acts as
transportation mechanism
4
the vasculature acts as
tubing/exchange system
5
which acts in series?
pulmonary circulation
6
which acts in parallel?
systemic circulation
7
pulmonary circulation is
1. lower pressure
2. single pathway through a single set of capillary bed
3. in series
8
systemic circulation is
1. higher pressure
2. mostly parallel
3. oxygenated blood only visits one organ system before returning to the heart
4. blood flow to different organs can be regulated independently to match metabolic demand
9
at rest blood flow is:
brain:
skeletal muscle:
GI system:
Kidney:
14%
15%
21%
22%
10
during exercise blood flow to exercising muscles
80%
11
left side vs. right side of the heart
left side: higher pressure, systemic circulation
right side: lower pressure, serves pulmonary circulation
12
there is no direction connection between
right and left heart
13
why must the right and left sides of heart be closely matched?
because its a loop
14
how many chambers?
4 chambers
2 atria: smaller, priming chambers
2 ventricles: main pumping chambers
15
valves are
1. consist of 2 or 3 cusps
2. all 4 valves are in the same plane of the heart
3. valves are one way, control direction of blood flow through the heart
4. pressure operated--passive
16
cusps are
flaps of fibrous tissue and endothelium
17
atrioventricular valve
1. tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid)
2. between atria and ventricles
3. have chordae tendonae
18
chordae tendonae attach to
papillary muscles in ventricles and help stabilize valves and prevent prolapse of valves
19
semilunar valves
1. aortic and pulmonary
2. between ventricles and great arteries
3. no chordae tendonae
20
describe the layers of the heart from outside in
outermost:
1. pericardium
2. epicardium
3. myocardium
4. endocardium
21
the pericardium is made up of
outermost:
1. pericardial membrane
a. fibrous layer outer
b. parietal pericardium inner
2. pericardial fluid
3. visceral pericardium
22
Automaticity
1. heart beat is myogenic
2. originates within the heart itself
23
sinoatrial node
1. specialized myocytes
2. initiates the heartbeat
24
atrioventricular (AV) node is located
1. between atria and ventricles
2. slows con
25
AV node function
slows conduction to allow atrial contraction to precede ventricular contraction
26
the budle of his is between
AV node and left and right bundle branches in ventricles
27
purkinje fibers are located in
inner walls of the ventricles
28
purkinje fibers are
specialized cardiac myocytes cells that allow fast conduction
29