Introduction to Haematology Flashcards
(21 cards)
How many litres of blood is in the human body
5 litres of blood
Plasma vs Serum
Plasma is the blood liquid while serum is after coagulation
Plasma Proteins and their functions
Albumins - Transport/Colloidal osmotic pressure
Globulins - Transport, clotting, precursors to hormones, defence
Fibrinogen - Clotting
Diameter of erythrocytes
7-8 micrometres
HbA1c
Glycosylated Haemoglobin (Average blood glucose levels)
Immunocytes
Another word for lymphocytes
Why is leukemia so insane and dangerous
Mutation in one cell can lead to mutations in many many millions of daughter cells
Colony stimulating factors
Proteins that cause the proliferation of bone marrow cells and differentiation into certain cells (usually WBCs)
How to calculate MCV
Hematocrit as decimal/RBC Count
Microcytic Anaemia
Small RBCs characterised by low MCV
Macrocytic Anaemia
Lower Hb because of bigger RBCs but less of them
How does alcohol affect blood cells
Alcohol affects bone marrow leading to larger than usual blood cells
Fentilitres to L
1 x 10^-15 L = 1 fL
Interpret -philia, -cytosis and -penia as suffixes for WBC and platelet counts
Philia/Cytosis (e.g. neutrophilia) increased neutrophil count
Penia (e.g. neutropenia) decreased neutrophil count
Pancytopenia
Reduction in all cell counts
**pan [all] cyto [cell] penia [reduction])
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia
Lower platelet count for unknown reason
Dx
Diagnosis
What does raised C-reactive protein indicate
It is a side effect of infection/inflammation so it acts as a marker of such things
If mother is rhesus negative blood type and foetus is +, how would her body respond
The body would respond by having her antibodies attack the antigens on blood of the foetus after birth and it mixes
How does Anti-D immunisation allow the birth of RhD+ babies to RhD- mothers
Anti-D immunoglobulins bind any of the blood antigens of the baby to prevent the mothers body being exposed to it
and making antibodies
Why is first RhD+ baby usually safe even with RhD- mother
Foetal and maternal blood are kept separate until birth where tearing and stuff causes mixing
Miscarriages can cause an exception
