L31 Flashcards
(160 cards)
2
Q
harshly
A
[‘ha:ʃli] adv. 严厉地；刺耳地；粗糙地
Adv.: in a harsh manner: a : coarsely to the touch : ROUGHLY rubbed herself harshly with a towel?I.V.Morris b : offensively to the senses : DISAGREEABLY *houses on the far side, harshly white in this straight hard glare?Thomas Wood 1950 c : unfeelingly to the sensibilities : RIGOROUSLY, CRUELLY harshly limits the freedom of the creative imagination?Philip Toynbee he was made prisoner and harshly treated?E.M.Coulter d : ungracefully by aesthetic standards : CRUDELY a number of his canvases are slightly repellent * notably one of a harshly drawn, bedraggled mother and child?R.M.Coates
3
Q
hash
A
[hæʃ] n. 剁碎的食物；混杂，拼凑；重新表述
vt. 搞糟，把…弄乱；切细；推敲
vt.1 a : to chop (as meat and potatoes) into small pieces b : CONFUSE, MUDDLE
2 : to talk about : REVIEW ? often used with over or out
Noun.1 : chopped food; specifically : chopped meat mixed with potatoes and browned
2 : a restatement of something that is already known the same old hash
3 a : HODGEPODGE, JUMBLE b : a confused muddle made a hash of the whole project
Noun.: HASHISH
4
Q
hasten
A
[‘heisən] vt. 加速；使赶紧；催促
vi. 赶快；急忙
Intransitive verb : to move or act quickly
transitive verb
1 : to urge on hastened her to the door ?A. J. Cronin
2 : ACCELERATE hasten the coming of a new order ?D. W. Brogan
5
Q
hasty
A
['heisti] adj. 轻率的；匆忙的；草率的；性怠的 Adj.1 a archaic : rapid in action or movement : SPEEDY b : done or made in a hurry c : fast and typically superficial *made a hasty examination of the wound* 2 : EAGER, IMPATIENT 3 : PRECIPITATE, RASH 4 : prone to anger : IRRITABLE synonyms see FAST
6
Q
hauteur
A
[əu’tə:] n. 傲慢；自大
Noun.: ARROGANCE, HAUGHTINESS
7
Q
havoc
A
[‘hævək] n. 大破坏；浩劫；蹂躏
vt. 严重破坏
vi. 损毁
Noun.1 : wide and general destruction : DEVASTATION
2 : great confusion and disorder the blackout caused havoc in the city
vt. : to lay waste : DESTROY
8
Q
hawk
A
[hɔ:k] vt. 兜售，沿街叫卖；捕捉；咳出
vi. 清嗓；咳嗽；像鹰一般地袭击
n. 鹰；鹰派成员；掠夺他人的人
Noun.1 : any of numerous diurnal birds of prey belonging to a suborder (Falcones of the order Falconiformes) and including all the smaller members of this group; especially : ACCIPITER
2 : a small board or metal sheet with a handle on the underside used to hold mortar
3 : one who takes a militant attitude and advocates immediate vigorous action; especially : a supporter of a war or warlike policy ? compare DOVE
intransitive verb
1 : to hunt birds by means of a trained hawk
2 : to soar and strike like a hawk
transitive verb : to hunt on the wing like a hawk
transitive verb : to raise by trying to clear the throat hawk up phlegm
intransitive verb : to utter a harsh guttural sound in or as if in hawking
Noun. : an audible effort to force up phlegm from the throat
vt. : to offer for sale by calling out in the street hawking newspapers; broadly : SELL
9
Q
hazy
A
[‘heizi] adj. 朦胧的；模糊的；有薄雾的
Adj.1 : obscured or made dim or cloudy by or as if by haze
2 : VAGUE, INDEFINITE has only a hazy recollection; also : UNCERTAIN I’m hazy on that point
10
Q
headlong
A
['hedlɔŋ] adj. 轻率的；头向前的；匆促而用力的 adv. 头向前地；猛然用力地 Adv.1 : HEADFIRST 1 2 : without deliberation : RECKLESSLY *rushes headlong into danger* 3 : without pause or delay Adj.1 archaic : STEEP, PRECIPITOUS 2 : lacking in calmness or restraint : PRECIPITATE *a headlong torrent of emotion* 3 : plunging headfirst synonyms see PRECIPITATE
11
Q
headway
A
[‘hedwei] n. 前进；进步；航行速度；间隔时间
Noun.1 a : motion or rate of motion in a forward direction b : ADVANCE, PROGRESS
2 : headroom (as under an arch) sufficient to allow passage
3 : the time interval between two vehicles traveling in the same direction on the same route
12
Q
heady
A
[‘hedi] adj. 兴奋的；任性的；性急的；顽固的；使人头晕的
Adj.1 a : WILLFUL, RASH heady opinions b : VIOLENT, IMPETUOUS
2 a : tending to intoxicate or make giddy or elated heady wine being in such distinguished company was a heady experience b : GIDDY, EXHILARATED heady with his success c : RICH a heady sauce a heady variety d : IMPRESSIVE a man of heady accomplishments
3 a : marked by or showing good judgment : SHREWD, INTELLIGENT b : intellectually stimulating or demanding
13
Q
heal
A
[hi:l] vt. 治愈，痊愈；和解
vi. 痊愈
Transitive verb
1 a : to make sound or whole heal a wound b : to restore to health
2 a : to cause (an undesirable condition) to be overcome : MEND the troublesThad not been forgotten, but they had been healed ?William Power b : to patch up (a breach or division) heal a breach between friends
3 : to restore to original purity or integrity healed of sin
intransitive verb : to return to a sound state
14
Q
hearken
A
['hɑ:kən] vi. 倾听；听给予注意 vt. 留心；听明白 Intransitive verb 1 : LISTEN 2 : to give respectful attention transitive verb , archaic : to give heed to : HEAR
15
Q
hearsay
A
[‘hiəsei] n. 传闻，谣言
adj. 传闻的，风闻的
Noun.: RUMOR
16
Q
heartrending
A
[‘hɑ:t,rendiŋ] adj. 悲惨的；令人心碎的
Adj.: HEARTBREAKING 1a
17
Q
heave
A
[hi:v] vt. 举起；使起伏；[口]投掷；恶心；发出（叹息等）
vi. 起伏；举起；喘息；呕吐
n. 举起；起伏；投掷；一阵呕吐
Transitive verb
1 obsolete : ELEVATE
2 : LIFT, RAISE heaved the trunk onto the table
3 : THROW, CAST heaving rocks
4 a : to cause to swell or rise b : to displace (as a rock stratum) especially by a fault
5 : to utter with obvious effort or with a deep breath heave a sigh of relief
6 : HAUL, DRAW
intransitive verb
1 : LABOR, STRUGGLE
2 : RETCH
3 a : to rise and fall rhythmically b : PANT
4 a : PULL, PUSH heaving on a rope b : to move a ship in a specified direction or manner c past usually hove : to move in an indicated way the ship hove into view
5 : to rise or become thrown or raised up
synonyms see LIFT
Noun.1 a : an effort to heave or raise b : HURL, CAST
2 : an upward motion : RISING; especially : a rhythmical rising
3 : horizontal displacement especially by the faulting of a rock
4 plural but singular or plural in construction : chronic pulmonary emphysema of the horse resulting in difficult expiration, heaving of the flanks, and a persistent cough
18
Q
heckle
A
[‘hekl] vt. 诘问；激烈质问；以麻梳梳理
n. 麻梳
vt.: to harass and try to disconcert with questions, challenges, or gibes : BADGER
synonyms see BAIT
19
Q
hectic
A
[‘hektik] n. 脸红；患肺结核
adj. 兴奋的，狂热的；脸上发红；肺病的
Adj.1 : of, relating to, or being a fluctuating but persistent fever (as in tuberculosis)
2 : having a hectic fever
3 : RED, FLUSHED
4 : characterized by activity, excitement, or confusion the hectic days before the holidays
20
Q
hector
A
[‘hektə] vi. 威吓；愚弄
n. 虚张声势的人；威吓者；恃强凌弱的人
vt. 威吓；欺凌
Noun.1 capitalized : a son of Priam, husband of Andromache, and Trojan champion slain by Achilles
2 : BULLY, BRAGGART
intransitive verb : to play the bully : SWAGGER
transitive verb : to intimidate or harass by bluster or personal pressure
synonyms see BAIT
21
Q
hedge
A
[hedʒ] vt. 用树篱笆围住；避免作正面答复
vi. 用树篱围住；避免作正面答复
n. 树篱；障碍
Noun.1 a : a fence or boundary formed by a dense row of shrubs or low trees b : BARRIER, LIMIT
2 : a means of protection or defense (as against financial loss)
3 : a calculatedly noncommittal or evasive statement
transitive verb
1 : to enclose or protect with or as if with a hedge : ENCIRCLE
2 : to hem in or obstruct with or as if with a barrier : HINDER hedged about by special regulations and statutes ?Sandi Rosenbloom
3 : to protect oneself from losing or failing by a counterbalancing action hedge a bet
intransitive verb
1 : to plant, form, or trim a hedge
2 : to evade the risk of commitment especially by leaving open a way of retreat : TRIM
3 : to protect oneself financially: as a : to buy or sell commodity futures as a protection against loss due to price fluctuation b : to minimize the risk of a bet
Adj.1 : of, relating to, or designed for a hedge
2 : born, living, or made near or as if near hedges : ROADSIDE
3 : INFERIOR 3
22
Q
herbivorous
A
[hɜː’bɪvərəs] adj. [动] 食草的
Adj.: feeding on plants
23
Q
heresy
A
[‘herəsi] n. 异端；异端邪说；异教
Noun.1 a : adherence to a religious opinion contrary to church dogma b : denial of a revealed truth by a baptized member of the Roman Catholic Church c : an opinion or doctrine contrary to church dogma
2 a : dissent or deviation from a dominant theory, opinion, or practice b : an opinion, doctrine, or practice contrary to the truth or to generally accepted beliefs or standards
24
Q
hermetic
A
[hə:’metik] adj. 密封的；与外界隔绝的；不透气的；炼金术的
n. 炼金术士
Adj.1 often capitalized a : of or relating to the Gnostic writings or teachings arising in the first three centuries A.D. and attributed to Hermes Trismegistus b : relating to or characterized by occultism or abstruseness : RECONDITE
2 [from the belief that Hermes Trismegistus invented a magic seal to keep vessels airtight] a : AIRTIGHT hermetic seal b : impervious to external influence trapped inside the hermetic military machine ?Jack Newfield c : RECLUSE, SOLITARY leads a hermetic life
25
Q
hew
A
[hju:] vt. 砍；劈；砍倒
vi. 砍；劈；坚持
Transitive verb
1 : to cut with blows of a heavy cutting instrument
2 : to fell by blows of an ax hew a tree
3 : to give form or shape to with or as if with heavy cutting blows hewed their farms from the wilderness ?J. T. Shotwell
intransitive verb
1 : to make cutting blows
2 : CONFORM, ADHERE hew to tradition ? often used in the phrase hew to the line no pressureTon newspapers to hew to the official line ?New York Times Magazine
26
hidebound
['haidbaund] adj. 死板的；保守的；顽固的；墨守成规的
Adj.1 of a domestic animal : having a dry skin lacking in pliancy and adhering closely to the underlying flesh
2 : having an inflexible or ultraconservative character
27
hie
[hai] vt. 催促；快走；使赶紧
vi. 赶快；催促
Intransitive verb : to go quickly : HASTEN
transitive verb : to cause (oneself) to go quickly
28
hieroglyphic
[,haiərəu'ɡlifik] n. 象形文字；象形文字写的文章
adj. 象形文字的；难解的
Adj.1 : written in, constituting, or belonging to a system of writing mainly in pictorial characters
2 : inscribed with hieroglyphic
3 : resembling hieroglyphic in difficulty of decipherment
Noun.1 : HIEROGLYPH
2 : a system of hieroglyphic writing; specifically : the picture script of the ancient Egyptian priesthood ? often used in plural but sing. or plural in constr.
3 : something that resembles a hieroglyph especially in difficulty of decipherment
29
highbrow
['haibrau] adj. 不切实际的；自炫博学的；知识分子的
n. 卖弄知识的人；知识分子
Noun.: a person who possesses or has pretensions to superior learning or culture
30
hike
[haik] vi. 远足；徒步旅行；上升
vt. 提高；拉起；使…高涨
n. 远足；徒步旅行；涨价
Intransitive verb
1 a : to go on a hike b : to travel by any means
2 : to rise up; especially : to work upward out of place *skirt had hiked up in back*
transitive verb
1 a : to move, pull, or raise with a sudden motion *hiked himself onto the top bunk* b : SNAP 6b c : to raise in amount sharply or suddenly *hike rents*
2 : to take on a hike
3 : to traverse on a hike *hike a trail*
Noun.1 : a long walk especially for pleasure or exercise
2 : an increase especially in quantity or amount *a new wage hike*
3 : SNAP 11
31
hilarious
[hi'lεəriəs] adj. 欢闹的；非常滑稽的；喜不自禁的
| Adj.: marked by or causing hilarity : extremely funny
32
hinder
['hində] vi. 成为阻碍
vt. 阻碍；打扰
adj. 后面的
Transitive verb
1 : to make slow or difficult the progress of : HAMPER
2 : to hold back : CHECK
intransitive verb : to delay, impede, or prevent action
Adj.: situated behind or in the rear : POSTERIOR
33
hinge
[hindʒ] n. 铰链；枢纽；关键
vt. 给…安装铰链
vi. 依…而转移
Noun.1 a : a jointed or flexible device on which a door, lid, or other swinging part turns b : a flexible ligamentous joint c : a small piece of thin gummed paper used in fastening a postage stamp in an album
2 : a determining factor : TURNING POINT
intransitive verb : to be contingent on a single consideration or point ? used with on or upon *the prosecution's case hinges on the DNA evidence*
transitive verb : to attach by or furnish with hinges
34
hoarse
[hɔ:s] adj. 嘶哑的
Adj.1 : rough or harsh in sound : GRATING *a hoarse voice*
2 : having a hoarse voice *shouted himself hoarse*
35
hoary
['hɔ:ri] adj. 久远的，古老的；灰白的
Adj.1 : gray or white with or as if with age
2 : extremely old : ANCIENT *hoary legends*
36
hoax
[həuks] vt. 愚弄；欺骗
n. 骗局；恶作剧
vt.: to trick into believing or accepting as genuine something false and often preposterous
Noun.1 : an act intended to trick or dupe : IMPOSTURE
2 : something accepted or established by fraud or fabrication
37
hobble
['hɔbl] vi. 蹒跚；跛行
vt. 使跛行
n. 跛行步态
Intransitive verb : to move along unsteadily or with difficulty; especially : to limp along
transitive verb
1 : to cause to limp : make lame : CRIPPLE
2 [probably alteration of hopple to hobble] a : to fasten together the legs of (as a horse) to prevent straying : FETTER b : to place under handicap : HAMPER, IMPEDE
Noun.1 : a hobbling movement
2 archaic : an awkward situation
3 : something used to hobble an animal
38
hoe
[həu] vt. 锄，用锄头
vi. 用锄耕地
n. 锄头
Noun.1 : any of various implements for tilling, mixing, or raking; especially : an implement with a thin flat blade on a long handle used especially for cultivating, weeding, or loosening the earth around plants
2 : BACKHOE
intransitive verb : to use or work with a hoe
transitive verb
1 : to weed, cultivate, or thin (a crop) with a hoe
2 : to remove (weeds) by hoeing
3 : to dress or cultivate (land) by hoeing
39
hoist
[hɔist] n. 起重机；升起，吊起
vi. 升起；吊起
vt. （用绳索，起重机等）使升起
Transitive verb
1 : LIFT, RAISE; especially : to raise into position by or as if by means of tackle
2 : DRINK 1 *hoist a few beers*
intransitive verb : to become hoisted : RISE
synonyms see LIFT
Noun.1 : an act of hoisting : LIFT
2 : an apparatus for hoisting
3 : the height of a flag when viewed flying
40
homage
['hɔmidʒ] n. 敬意；尊敬；效忠
Noun.1 a : a feudal ceremony by which a man acknowledges himself the vassal of a lord b : the relationship between a feudal lord and his vassal c : an act done or payment made in meeting the obligations of vassalage
2 a : expression of high regard : RESPECT ? often used with pay b : something that shows respect or attests to the worth or influence of another : TRIBUTE *his long life filled with international homages to his unique musical talent ?People*
synonyms see HONOR
41
homely
['həumli] adj. 家庭的；平凡的；不好看的
Adj.1 : suggestive or characteristic of a home
2 : being something familiar with which one is at home *satisfy themselves with houses, furniture, books and clothes that were worn and homely and friendly to the touch ?Brendan Gill*
3 a : unaffectedly natural : SIMPLE b : not elaborate or complex *homely virtues*
4 : plain or unattractive in appearance
42
hone
[həun] n. 磨刀石；想念；抱怨
vt. 用磨刀石磨
Noun. : WHETSTONE
vt.1 : to sharpen or smooth with a whetstone
2 : to make more acute, intense, or effective : WHET *helped her hone her comic timing ?Patricia Bosworth*
vi.1 dialect : YEARN ? often used with for or after
2 dialect : GRUMBLE, MOAN
43
hoodoo
['huːduː] n. 招来不幸的人，不祥的人
vt. 使倒霉
Noun.1 : a body of practices of sympathetic magic traditional especially among blacks in the southern United States
2 : a natural column of rock in western North America often in fantastic form
3 : something that brings bad luck
4 : NONSENSE, HOKUM
vt. : to cast a spell on; broadly : to be a source of misfortune to
44
hoodwink
['hudwiŋk] vt. 蒙蔽；欺骗；遮眼
vt.1 archaic : BLINDFOLD
2 obsolete : HIDE
3 : to deceive by false appearance : DUPE
45
hoop
[hu:p] n. 箍；铁环；呼呼声
vt. 加箍于；包围
vi. 发呼呼声
Noun.1 : a circular strip used especially for holding together the staves of containers or as a plaything
2 a : a circular figure or object : RING b : the rim of a basketball goal; broadly : the entire goal
3 : a circle or series of circles of flexible material used to expand a woman's skirt
4 : BASKETBALL ? usually used in plural
vt.: to bind or fasten with or as if with a hoop
46
horizontal
['hɔri'zɔntəl] adj. 水平的；地平线的；同一阶层的
n. 水平线，水平面；水平位置
Adj.1 a : of, relating to, or situated near the horizon b : parallel to, in the plane of, or operating in a plane parallel to the horizon or to a baseline : LEVEL *horizontal distance* *a horizontal engine*
2 : relating to, directed toward, or consisting of individuals or entities of similar status or on the same level *horizontal mergers* *horizontal hostility*
47
horn
[hɔ:n] n. 喇叭，号角；角
vt. 装角于
Noun.1 a : one of the usually paired bony processes that arise from the head of many ungulates and that are found in some extinct mammals and reptiles: as (1) : one of the permanent paired hollow sheaths of keratin usually present in both sexes of cattle and their relatives that function chiefly for defense and arise from a bony core anchored to the skull ? see COW illustration (2) : ANTLER (3) : a permanent solid horn of keratin that is attached to the nasal bone of a rhinoceros (4) : one of a pair of permanent bone protuberances from the skull of a giraffe or okapi that are covered with hairy skin b : a part like an animal's horn attributed especially to the devil c : a natural projection or excrescence from an animal resembling or suggestive of a horn d (1) : the tough fibrous material consisting chiefly of keratin that covers or forms the horns of cattle and related animals, hooves, or other horny parts (as claws or nails) (2) : a manufactured product (as a plastic) resembling horn e : a hollow horn used to hold something
2 : something resembling or suggestive of a horn: as a : one of the curved ends of a crescent b : a sharp mountain peak c : a body of land or water shaped like a horn d : a beak-shaped part of an anvil e : a high pommel of a saddle f : CORNU
3 a : an animal's horn used as a wind instrument b : a brass wind instrument: as (1) : HUNTING HORN (2) : FRENCH HORN c : a wind instrument used in a jazz band; especially : TRUMPET d : a usually electrical device that makes a noise like that of a horn
4 : a source of strength
5 : one of the equally disadvantageous alternatives presented by a dilemma
6 slang : TELEPHONE
48
horrendous
[hɒ'rendəs] adj. 可怕的；惊人的
| Adj. : HORRIBLE, DREADFUL *the tax rate was horrendous* *horrendous crimes*
49
hortative
['hɔ:tətiv] adj. 劝告的；奖励的
| Adj. : giving exhortation : ADVISORY
50
horticulture
['hɔ:tikʌltʃə] n. 园艺，园艺学
| Noun.: the science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants
51
howler
['haulə] n. 大声叫喊者；嚎叫的人或动物；滑稽可笑的错误
Noun.1 a : HOWLER MONKEY b : one that howls
2 : a humorous and ridiculous blunder
52
hubris
['hju:bris] n. 傲慢；狂妄自大
| Noun. : exaggerated pride or self-confidence
53
hue
[hju:] n. 色彩；色度；叫声
noun.1 : COMPLEXION, ASPECT *political parties of every hue ?Louis Wasserman*
2 a : COLOR b : gradation of color c : the attribute of colors that permits them to be classed as red, yellow, green, blue, or an intermediate between any contiguous pair of these colors ? compare BRIGHTNESS 2, LIGHTNESS 2, SATURATION 4
54
huffish
['hʌfɪʃ] adj. 发怒的；傲慢的；不高兴的
| Adj.: ARROGANT, SULKY
55
huffy
['hʌfi] adj. 怒冲冲的；暴躁的
Adj.1 : HAUGHTY, ARROGANT
2 a : roused to indignation : IRRITATED b : easily offended : TOUCHY
56
hull
[hʌl] n. 船体；（果实的）外壳
vt. 去壳
Noun.1 a : the outer covering of a fruit or seed b : the persistent calyx or involucre that subtends some fruits (as a strawberry)
2 a : the frame or body of a ship or boat exclusive of masts, yards, sails, and rigging b : the main body of a usually large or heavy craft or vehicle (as an airship or tank)
3 : COVERING, CASING
vt. : to remove the hulls of : SHUCK
57
humid
['hju:mid] adj. 潮湿的；湿润的；多湿气的
Adj.: containing or characterized by perceptible moisture especially to the point of being oppressive
synonyms see WET
58
humor
['hju:mə] n. 幽默，诙谐；心情
vt. 迎合，迁就；顺应
Noun.1 a : a normal functioning bodily semifluid or fluid (as the blood or lymph) b : a secretion (as a hormone) that is an excitant of activity
2 a in medieval physiology : a fluid or juice of an animal or plant; specifically : one of the four fluids entering into the constitution of the body and determining by their relative proportions a person's health and temperament b : characteristic or habitual disposition or bent : TEMPERAMENT *of cheerful humor* c : an often temporary state of mind imposed especially by circumstances *was in no humor to listen* d : a sudden, unpredictable, or unreasoning inclination : WHIM *the uncertain humors of nature*
3 a : that quality which appeals to a sense of the ludicrous or absurdly incongruous b : the mental faculty of discovering, expressing, or appreciating the ludicrous or absurdly incongruous c : something that is or is designed to be comical or amusing
synonyms see WIT
vt.1 : to soothe or content by indulgence
2 : to adapt oneself to
synonyms see INDULGE
59
hunker
['hʌŋkə] n. 守旧者
vi. 蹲下，盘坐
vi.1 : CROUCH, SQUAT ? usually used with down
2 : to settle in or dig in for a sustained period ? used with down *hunker down for a good long wait ?New Yorker*
60
hurdle
['hə:dl] n. 障碍；栏；跳栏
vt. 克服
vi. 克服；跳过
Noun.1 a : a portable panel usually of wattled withes and stakes used especially for enclosing land or livestock b : a frame or sled formerly used in England for dragging traitors to execution
2 a : an artificial barrier over which racers must leap b plural : any of various track events in which a series of hurdles must be surmounted
3 : BARRIER, OBSTACLE
vt.1 : to leap over especially while running (as in a sporting competition)
2 : OVERCOME, SURMOUNT
61
hurtle
```
['hə:tl] vi. 猛冲；猛烈碰撞
vt. 猛投；冲向
n. 碰撞；猛冲
Intransitive verb : to move rapidly or forcefully
transitive verb : HURL, FLING
```
62
husband
['hʌzbənd] vt. 节约地使用（或管理）
n. 丈夫
Noun.1 : a male partner in a marriage
2 British : MANAGER, STEWARD
3 : a frugal manager
vt.1 a : to manage prudently and economically b : to use sparingly : CONSERVE
2 archaic : to find a husband for : MATE
63
husbandry
['hʌzbəndri] n. 饲养；务农，耕种；家政
Noun.1 archaic : the care of a household
2 : the control or judicious use of resources : CONSERVATION
3 a : the cultivation or production of plants or animals : AGRICULTURE b : the scientific control and management of a branch of farming and especially of domestic animals
64
hush
[hʌʃ] vt. 安静；肃静；缄默
n. 安静；肃静；沉默
vi. 沉默；安静下来
int. 嘘；别作声
Transitive verb
1 : CALM, QUIET *hushed the children as they entered the library*
2 : to put at rest : MOLLIFY
3 : to keep from public knowledge : SUPPRESS *hush the story up*
intransitive verb : to become quiet
Adj.1 archaic : SILENT, STILL
2 : intended to prevent the dissemination of certain information *hush money*
Noun. : a silence or calm especially following noise : QUIET
65
hymn
```
[him] n. 赞美诗；圣歌；欢乐的歌
vt. 唱赞美歌
vi. 唱赞歌
Noun.1 a : a song of praise to God b : a metrical composition adapted for singing in a religious service
2 : a song of praise or joy
3 : something resembling a hymn : PAEAN
transitive verb : to praise or worship in or as if in hymns *the heroes hymned in this book*
intransitive verb : to sing a hymn
```
66
hype
[haip] n. 大肆宣传；皮下注射
vt. 大肆宣传；使…兴奋
Noun.1 slang : a narcotics addict
2 slang : HYPODERMIC
vt.1 : STIMULATE, ENLIVEN ? usually used with up *hyping herself up for the game*
2 : INCREASE
vt.1 : PUT ON, DECEIVE
2 : to promote or publicize extravagantly *hyping this fall's TV lineup*
Noun.1 : DECEPTION, PUT-ON
2 : PUBLICITY; especially : promotional publicity of an extravagant or contrived kind *all the hype before the boxing match*
Adj.slang : EXCELLENT, COOL
67
hyperactivity
[,haipər'æktiviti] n. 极度活跃；活动过度
| Noun. : the state or condition of being excessively or pathologically active; especially : ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER
68
hypocrite
['hipəkrit] n. 伪君子；伪善者
Noun.1 : a person who puts on a false appearance of virtue or religion
2 : a person who acts in contradiction to his or her stated beliefs or feelings
69
icicle
['aisikl] n. 冰柱；垂冰；冷冰冰的人
Noun.1 : a pendent mass of ice formed by the freezing of dripping water
2 : an emotionally cold person
3 : a long narrow strip (as of foil) used to decorate a Christmas tree
70
icon
['aikɔn] n. 图标；偶像；肖像，画像；圣像
Noun.1 : a usually pictorial representation : IMAGE
2 [Late Greek eik*n, from Greek] : a conventional religious image typically painted on a small wooden panel and used in the devotions of Eastern Christians
3 : an object of uncritical devotion : IDOL
4 : EMBLEM, SYMBOL *the house became an icon of 1860's residential architecture ?Paul Goldberger*
5 a : a sign (as a word or graphic symbol) whose form suggests its meaning b : a graphic symbol on a computer display screen that usually suggests the type of object represented or the purpose of an available function
71
iconoclast
[ai'kɔnəuklæst] n. 偶像破坏者；提倡打破旧习的人
Noun.1 : a person who destroys religious images or opposes their veneration
2 : a person who attacks settled beliefs or institutions
72
idiom
['idiəm] n. 成语，习语；土话
Noun.1 a : the language peculiar to a people or to a district, community, or class : DIALECT b : the syntactical, grammatical, or structural form peculiar to a language
2 : an expression in the usage of a language that is peculiar to itself either grammatically (as no, it wasn't me) or in having a meaning that cannot be derived from the conjoined meanings of its elements (as Monday week for *the Monday a week after next Monday*)
3 : a style or form of artistic expression that is characteristic of an individual, a period or movement, or a medium or instrument *the modern jazz idiom*; broadly : MANNER, STYLE *a new culinary idiom*
73
idle
['aidl] adj. 闲置的；懒惰的；停顿的
vi. 无所事事；虚度；空转
vt. 虚度；使空转
Adj.1 : lacking worth or basis : VAIN *idle chatter* *idle pleasure*
2 : not occupied or employed: as a : having no employment : INACTIVE *idle workers* b : not turned to normal or appropriate use *idle funds* *idle farmland* c : not scheduled to compete *the team will be idle tomorrow*
3 a : SHIFTLESS, LAZY b : having no evident lawful means of support
synonyms see VAIN, INACTIVE
intransitive verb
1 a : to spend time in idleness b : to move idly
2 : to run at low power and often disconnected usually so that power is not used for useful work *the engine is idling*
transitive verb
1 : to pass in idleness
2 : to make idle *workers idled by a strike*
3 : to cause to idle
74
idolatrize
[ai'dɔlətraiz] vt. 把…奉为偶像；盲目崇拜
| [ai'dɔlətraiz] vt. 把…奉为偶像；盲目崇拜
75
idolize
['aidəliaiz] vt. 极端崇拜；把...当偶像崇拜
vi. 崇拜偶像
Transitive verb : to worship as a god; broadly : to love or admire to excess *the common people whom he so idolized ?Times Literary Supplement*
intransitive verb : to practice idolatry
76
ignite
[iɡ'nait] vt. 点燃；使燃烧；使激动
vi. 点火；燃烧
Transitive verb
1 : to subject to fire or intense heat; especially : to render luminous by heat
2 a : to set afire; also : KINDLE b : to cause (a fuel) to burn
3 a : to heat up : EXCITE *oppression that ignited the hatred of the people* b : to set in motion : SPARK *ignite a debate*
intransitive verb
1 : to catch fire
2 : to begin to glow
77
ignorant
['iɡnərənt] adj. 无知的；愚昧的
Adj.1 a : destitute of knowledge or education *an ignorant society*; also : lacking knowledge or comprehension of the thing specified *parents ignorant of modern mathematics* b : resulting from or showing lack of knowledge or intelligence *ignorant errors*
2 : UNAWARE, UNINFORMED
78
ilk
[ilk] n. 家族；亲属
adj. 相同的
Pronoun.chiefly Scottish : SAME ? used with that especially in the names of landed families
Noun. : SORT, KIND *the rejection of these books or others of like ilk ?Kathleen Molz*
Pronoun.chiefly Scottish : EACH
79
illiberal
[ɪ'lɪb(ə)r(ə)l] adj. 偏执的；吝啬的；粗鄙的；狭碍的；缺乏文化素养的
Adj. : not liberal: as a archaic (1) : lacking a liberal education (2) : lacking culture and refinement b : not requiring the background of a liberal arts education *illiberal occupations* c archaic : not generous : STINGY d : not broad-minded : BIGOTED *illiberal thinking* e : opposed to liberalism *illiberal tendencies*
80
illuminate
[i'lju:mineit] vt. 阐明，说明；照亮；使灿烂；用灯装饰
vi. 照亮
Adj.1 archaic : brightened with light
2 archaic : intellectually or spiritually enlightened
vt.1 a : to enlighten spiritually or intellectually b (1) : to supply or brighten with light (2) : to make luminous or shining c archaic : to set alight d : to subject to radiation
2 a : to make clear : ELUCIDATE b : to bring to the fore : HIGHLIGHT *a crisis can illuminate how interdependent we all are*
3 : to make illustrious or resplendent
4 : to decorate (as a manuscript) with gold or silver or brilliant colors or with often elaborate designs or miniature pictures
Noun.archaic : one having or claiming unusual enlightenment
81
illuminati
[i,lu:mi'nɑ:ti:] n. 先觉者
Noun plural.1 capitalized : any of various groups claiming special religious enlightenment
2 : persons who are or who claim to be unusually enlightened
3 : ELITE 1d *members of the academic illuminati*
82
illusive
[i'lju:siv] adj. 错觉的；幻影的；迷惑人的
| Adj. : ILLUSORY
83
illustrate
['iləstreit] vt. 阐明，举例说明；图解
vi. 举例
Transitive verb
1 obsolete a : ENLIGHTEN b : to light up
2 a archaic : to make illustrious b obsolete (1) : to make bright (2) : ADORN
3 a : to make clear : CLARIFY b : to make clear by giving or by serving as an example or instance c : to provide with visual features intended to explain or decorate *illustrate a book*
4 : to show clearly : DEMONSTRATE
intransitive verb : to give an example or instance
84
illustrious
[ɪ'lʌstrɪəs] adj. 著名的，杰出的；辉煌的
Adj.1 : notably or brilliantly outstanding because of dignity or achievements or actions : EMINENT
2 archaic a : shining brightly with light b : clearly evident
synonyms see FAMOUS
85
imbecile
['ɪmbɪsiːl] n. 低能者；愚蠢的人
adj. 低能的；愚笨的；虚弱的
Noun.1 usually offensive : a person affected with moderate mental retardation
2 : FOOL, IDIOT
86
imbibe
[im'baib] vt. 吸收，接受；喝；吸入
Transitive verb
1 archaic : SOAK, STEEP
2 a : to receive into the mind and retain *imbibe moral principles* b : to assimilate or take into solution
3 a : DRINK b : to take in or up *a sponge imbibes moisture*
intransitive verb
1 : DRINK 2
2 a : to take in liquid b : to absorb or assimilate moisture, gas, light, or heat
87
imbroglio
[im'brəuljəu] n. 纠葛；纷乱；纷扰
noun.1 : a confused mass
2 a : an intricate or complicated situation (as in a drama or novel) b : an acutely painful or embarrassing misunderstanding c : a violently confused or bitterly complicated altercation : EMBROILMENT d : SCANDAL 3a *survived the political imbroglio*
88
immanent
['imənənt] adj. 内在的；固有的
Adj.1 : INDWELLING, INHERENT *beauty is not something imposed but something immanent ?Anthony Burgess*
2 : being within the limits of possible experience or knowledge ? compare TRANSCENDENT
89
immemorial
[,imi'mɔ:riəl] adj. 远古的，古老的；无法追忆的
| Adj.: extending or existing since beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition *existing from time immemorial*
90
immensity
[ɪ'mensətɪ] n. 巨大；无限；广大
Noun.1 : the quality or state of being immense
2 : something immense
91
immerse
[i'mə:s] vt. 沉浸；使陷入
vt.1 : to plunge into something that surrounds or covers; especially : to plunge or dip into a fluid
2 : ENGROSS, ABSORB *completely immersed in his work*
3 : to baptize by immersion
92
immolate
['iməuleit] vt. 献祭；牺牲；为供神而宰杀
vt.1 : to offer in sacrifice; especially : to kill as a sacrificial victim
2 : to kill or destroy often by fire
93
immortal
[i'mɔ:təl] adj. 不朽的；神仙的；长生的
n. 神仙；不朽人物
Adj.1 : exempt from death *the immortal gods*
2 : exempt from oblivion : IMPERISHABLE *immortal fame*
3 : connected with or relating to immortality
4 : able or tending to divide indefinitely *immortal cell lines produced in culture*
Noun.1 a : one exempt from death b plural , often capitalized : the gods of the Greek and Roman pantheon
2 a : a person whose fame is lasting b capitalized : any of the 40 members of the Acad*mie Fran*aise
94
immune
[i'mju:n] adj. 免疫的；免于……的，免除的
n. 免疫者；免除者
Adj.1 a : FREE, EXEMPT *immune from further taxation* b : marked by protection *some criminal leaders are immune from arrest*
2 : not susceptible or responsive *immune to all pleas*; especially : having a high degree of resistance to a disease *immune to diphtheria*
3 a : having or producing antibodies or lymphocytes capable of reacting with a specific antigen *an immune serum* b : produced by, involved in, or concerned with immunity or an immune response *immune agglutinins* *immune globulins*
95
immunity
[i'mju:nəti] n. 免疫力；豁免权；免除
Noun. : the quality or state of being immune; especially : a condition of being able to resist a particular disease especially through preventing development of a pathogenic microorganism or by counteracting the effects of its products
96
immunize
['imju:naiz] vt. 使免疫；赋予免疫性
| vt.: to make immune
97
immure
[i'mjuə] vt. 把…嵌在墙上；监禁，禁闭
vt.1 a : to enclose within or as if within walls b : IMPRISON
2 : to build into a wall; especially : to entomb in a wall
98
impact
['impækt, im'pækt] vt. 影响；撞击；冲突；压紧
vi. 冲击；产生影响
n. 影响；效果；碰撞；冲击力
Transitive verb
1 a : to fix firmly by or as if by packing or wedging b : to press together
2 a : to have a direct effect or impact on : impinge on b : to strike forcefully; also : to cause to strike forcefully
intransitive verb
1 : to have an impact ? often used with on
2 : to impinge or make contact especially forcefully
Noun.1 a : an impinging or striking especially of one body against another b : a forceful contact or onset; also : the impetus communicated in or as if in such a contact
2 : the force of impression of one thing on another : a significant or major effect *the impact of science on our society* *an environmental impact study*
99
impale
[im'peil] vt. 刺穿；钉住；使绝望
vt.1 : to join (coats of arms) on a heraldic shield divided vertically by a pale
2 a : to pierce with or as if with something pointed; especially : to torture or kill by fixing on a sharp stake b : to fix in an inescapable or helpless position
100
impalpable
[im'pælpəbl] adj. 感触不到的；难理解的；无形的
Adj.1 a : incapable of being felt by touch : INTANGIBLE *the impalpable aura of power that emanated from him ?Osbert Sitwell* b : so finely divided that no grains or grit can be felt *rock worn to an impalpable powder*
2 : not readily discerned by the mind *impalpable evils*
101
impasse
[im'pɑ:s] n. 僵局；死路
Noun.1 a : a predicament affording no obvious escape b : DEADLOCK
2 : an impassable road or way : CUL-DE-SAC
102
impeach
[im'pi:tʃ] vt. 弹劾；归咎；怀疑
n. 控告，检举；弹劾；怀疑
vt.1 a : to bring an accusation against b : to charge with a crime or misdemeanor; specifically : to charge (a public official) before a competent tribunal with misconduct in office c : to remove from office especially for misconduct
2 : to cast doubt on; especially : to challenge the credibility or validity of *impeach the testimony of a witness*
Noun.obsolete : CHARGE, IMPEACHMENT
103
impel
[im'pel] vt. 推动；驱使；激励
vt.1 : to urge or drive forward or on by or as if by the exertion of strong moral pressure : FORCE *felt impelled to correct the misconception*
2 : to impart motion to : PROPEL
synonyms see MOVE
104
impend
[im'pend] vi. 迫近；即将发生
vi.1 a : to hover threateningly : MENACE b : to be about to occur *the impending Senate hearings*
2 archaic : to hang suspended
105
impenitent
[im'penitənt] n. 顽固的人；不知悔改的人
adj. 顽固的；不知悔改的
Adj.: not penitent
106
imperil
[im'peril] vt. 危及；使陷于危险
| vt.: to bring into peril : ENDANGER
107
impermeability
[im,pə:miə'biləti] n. 不渗透性；不透过性；不能渗透的性质或状态
| Noun.: the quality or state of being impermeable
108
impertinence
[im'pə:tinəns,-nənsi] n. 鲁莽，无理；不恰当
Noun.1 : the quality or state of being impertinent: as a : IRRELEVANCE, INAPPROPRIATENESS b : INCIVILITY, INSOLENCE
2 : an instance of impertinence
109
impetus
['ɪmpɪtəs] n. 动力；促进；冲力
Noun.1 a (1) : a driving force : IMPULSE (2) : INCENTIVE, STIMULUS b : stimulation or encouragement resulting in increased activity
2 : the property possessed by a moving body in virtue of its mass and its motion ? used of bodies moving suddenly or violently to indicate the origin and intensity of the motion
110
impinge
[ɪm'pɪn(d)ʒ] vi. 撞击；侵犯
vt. 撞击
vi.1 : to strike or dash especially with a sharp collision *I heard the rain impinge upon the earth ?James Joyce*
2 : to have an effect : make an impression *waiting for the germ of a new idea to impinge upon my mind ?Phyllis Bentley*
3 : ENCROACH, INFRINGE *impinge on other people's rights*
111
implant
[im'plɑ:nt, -'plænt, 'implɑ:nt, -plænt] vt. 种植；灌输；嵌入
n. 植入物；植入管
vi. 被移植
Transitive verb
1 a : to fix or set securely or deeply *a ruby implanted in the idol's forehead* b : to set permanently in the consciousness or habit patterns : INCULCATE
2 : to insert in living tissue (as for growth, slow release, or formation of an organic union) *subcutaneously implanted hormone pellets*
intransitive verb : to undergo implantation *the failure of embryos to implant*
Noun.: something (as a graft or device) implanted in tissue ? compare COCHLEAR IMPLANT
112
implicate
['implikeit] vt. 暗示；使牵连其中；含有…的意思
n. 包含的东西
vt.1 : to involve as a consequence, corollary, or natural inference : IMPLY
2 archaic : to fold or twist together : ENTWINE
3 a : to bring into intimate or incriminating connection *evidence that implicates him in the bombing* b : to involve in the nature or operation of something
113
implicit
[im'plisit] adj. 含蓄的；暗示的；盲从的
Adj.1 a : capable of being understood from something else though unexpressed : IMPLIED *an implicit assumption* b : involved in the nature or essence of something though not revealed, expressed, or developed : POTENTIAL *a sculptor may see different figures implicit in a block of stone ?John Dewey* c of a mathematical function : defined by an expression in which the dependent variable and the one or more independent variables are not separated on opposite sides of an equation ? compare EXPLICIT 4
2 : being without doubt or reserve : UNQUESTIONING *an implicit trust*
114
implode
[im'pləud] vt. 使内爆
vi. 向内破裂；内爆
Intransitive verb
1 a : to burst inward *a blow causing a vacuum tube to implode* b : to undergo violent compression *massive stars which implode*
2 : to collapse inward as if from external pressure; also : to become greatly reduced as if from collapsing
3 : to break down or fall apart from within : SELF-DESTRUCT *the firmTimploded from greed and factionalism ?Jan Hoffman*
transitive verb : to cause to implode
115
implore
[im'plɔ:] vt. 恳求或乞求
vi. 恳求或乞求
vt.1 : to call upon in supplication : BESEECH
2 : to call or pray for earnestly : ENTREAT *implored the crowd to be quiet*
synonyms see BEG
116
importune
```
[im'pɔ:tju:n, ,impɔ:'tju:n] vi. 强求；胡搅蛮缠
vt. 强求；一再向某人要求
Adj.: IMPORTUNATE
transitive verb
1 a : to press or urge with troublesome persistence b archaic : to request or beg for urgently
2 : ANNOY, TROUBLE
intransitive verb : to beg, urge, or solicit persistently or troublesomely
synonyms see BEG
```
117
impose
[im'pəuz] vi. 利用；欺骗；施加影响
vt. 强加；征税；以…欺骗
Transitive verb
1 a : to establish or apply by authority *impose a tax* *impose new restrictions* *impose penalties* b : to establish or bring about as if by force *those limits imposed by our own inadequacies ?C. H. Plimpton*
2 a : PLACE, SET b : to arrange (as pages) in the proper order for printing
3 : PASS OFF *impose fake antiques on the public*
4 : to force into the company or on the attention of another *impose oneself on others*
intransitive verb : to take unwarranted advantage of something *imposed on his good nature*
118
impoverish
[im'pɔvəriʃ] vt. 使贫穷；使枯竭
vt.1 : to make poor
2 : to deprive of strength, richness, or fertility by depleting or draining of something essential
synonyms see DEPLETE
119
imprecation
[ɪmprɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] n. 祈求；诅咒；咒语
Noun.1 : CURSE
2 : the act of imprecating
120
impregnable
[im'preɡnəbl] adj. 无法攻取的；不受影响的；要塞坚固的；可以受孕的
Adj.1 : incapable of being taken by assault : UNCONQUERABLE *an impregnable fortress*
2 : UNASSAILABLE; also : IMPENETRABLE *impregnable walls*
121
imprint
[im'print, 'imprint] n. 印记；痕迹；特征；版本说明
vt. 加特征；刻上记号
Transitive verb
1 : to mark by or as if by pressure : IMPRESS
2 a : to fix indelibly or permanently (as on the memory) b : to subject to or induce by imprinting *an imprinted preference*
intransitive verb : to undergo imprinting
Noun.: something imprinted or printed: as a : a mark or depression made by pressure *the fossil imprint of a dinosaur's foot* b : an identifying name (as of a publisher) placed conspicuously on a product; also : the name under which a publisher issues books c : an indelible distinguishing effect or influence
122
impuissance
[im'pju:isəns] n. 无力；无能；虚弱
| Noun.: WEAKNESS, POWERLESSNESS
123
imputation
[,impju:'teiʃən] n. 归罪；非难；归咎；污名
Noun.1 : the act of imputing: as a : ATTRIBUTION, ASCRIPTION b : ACCUSATION *denied any imputation of unfairness* c : INSINUATION
2 : something imputed
124
inadvertence
[,inəd'və:təns] n. 不注意；怠慢，疏忽
Noun.1 : the fact or action of being inadvertent
2 : a result of inattention : OVERSIGHT
125
inadvertently
adv. 非故意地；不注意地
126
inanimate
[in'ænimət] adj. 无生命的；无生气的
Adj.1 : not animate: a : not endowed with life or spirit *an inanimate object* b : lacking consciousness or power of motion *an inanimate body*
2 : not animated or lively : DULL
127
inappreciable
[,ɪnə'priːʃəb(ə)l; -ʃɪə-] adj. 微不足道的
| Adj.: too small to be perceived *an inappreciable amount*
128
incarcerate
[in'kɑ:səreit] vt. 监禁；下狱；禁闭
adj. 监禁的；禁闭的
vt.1 : to put in prison
2 : to subject to confinement
129
incertitude
[ɪn'sɜːtɪtjuːd] n. 不确定，无信心；疑惑
Noun.: UNCERTAINTY: a : absence of assurance or confidence : DOUBT b : the quality or state of being unstable or insecure
130
inch
[intʃ] n. 英寸；身高；少许
vt. 使缓慢地移动
vi. 慢慢前进
Noun.1 : a unit of length equal to 1/36 yard ? see WEIGHT table
2 : a small amount, distance, or degree *is like cutting a dog's tail off by inches ?Milton Friedman*
3 plural : STATURE, HEIGHT
4 a : a fall (as of rain or snow) sufficient to cover a surface or to fill a gauge to the depth of one inch b : a degree of atmospheric or other pressure sufficient to balance the weight of a column of liquid (as mercury) one inch high in a barometer or manometer
5 : a small advantage especially from lenient or compassionate treatment ? usually used in the phrase give an inch
intransitive verb : to move by small degrees : progress slowly *the long line of people inching up the stairs*
transitive verb : to cause to move slowly *sooner or later they begin inching prices back up ?Forbes*
Noun.chiefly Scottish : ISLAND
131
inchoate
['inkəueit, in'kəuit] adj. 早期的；刚开始的；未充分发展的
vt. 开始
vi. 开始
Adj.: being only partly in existence or operation : INCIPIENT; especially : imperfectly formed or formulated : FORMLESS, INCOHERENT *misty, inchoate suspicions that all is not well with the nation ?J. M. Perry*
132
incinerate
[in'sinəreit] vi. 把……烧成灰；烧弃
vt. 焚化；烧成灰
vt. incinerate
133
incision
[in'siʒən] n. 切口；雕刻，切割；切开
Noun.1 a : CUT, GASH; specifically : a wound made especially in surgery by incising the body b : a marginal notch (as in a leaf)
2 : an act of incising something
3 : the quality or state of being incisive
134
incite
[in'sait] vt. 煽动；激励；刺激
| vt.: to move to action : stir up : spur on : urge on
135
inclement
[in'klemənt] adj. 险恶的；气候严酷的；狂风暴雨的
Adj.: lacking mildness: as a archaic : severe in temper or action : UNMERCIFUL b : physically severe : STORMY *inclement weather*
136
incogitant
[in'kɔdʒitənt] adj. 无思想的；粗心的；不体谅的
| Adj.: THOUGHTLESS, INCONSIDERATE *incogitant litterbugs*
137
incongruent
[in'kɔŋɡruənt] adj. 不一致的；不协调的；不和谐的；不合适的（名词incongruence，副词incongruently）
Adj.: not congruent *incongruent triangles*
138
inconstancy
[in'kɔnstənsi] n. 反复无常，易变；不定性
| Noun.: the quality or state of being inconstant
139
incorrigibility
[in,kɔridʒə'biləti] n. 难望矫正；屡教不改
| Noun. : the quality or state of being incorrigible
140
increment
['inkrimənt] n. 增量；增加；增额；盈余
Noun.1 : the action or process of increasing especially in quantity or value : ENLARGEMENT
2 a : something gained or added b : one of a series of regular consecutive additions c : a minute increase in quantity
3 : the amount or degree by which something changes; especially : the amount of positive or negative change in the value of one or more of a set of variables
141
incriminate
[in'krimineit] vt. 控告；暗示...有罪
| vt. : to charge with or show evidence or proof of involvement in a crime or fault
142
incubation
[,inkju'beiʃən] n. 孵化；潜伏；抱蛋
Noun.1 : the act or process of incubating
2 : INCUBATION PERIOD
143
incubus
['iŋkjubəs] n. 梦魇；沉重的负担
Noun.1 : an evil spirit that lies on persons in their sleep; especially : one that has sexual intercourse with women while they are sleeping ? compare SUCCUBUS
2 : NIGHTMARE 2
3 : one that oppresses or burdens like a nightmare
144
inculcate
['inkʌlkeit, in'kʌl-] vt. 教育；谆谆教诲；教授；反覆灌输
vt.: to teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions
synonyms see IMPLANT
145
inculpate
['inkʌlpeit] vt. 使连累；使负罪；控告
| vt.: INCRIMINATE
146
incur
[in'kə:] vt. 招致，引发；蒙受
| vt.: to become liable or subject to : bring down upon oneself *incur expenses*
147
indelible
[in'deləbl] adj. 难忘的；擦不掉的
Adj.1 a : that cannot be removed, washed away, or erased b : making marks that cannot easily be removed *an indelible pencil*
2 a : LASTING *indelible memories* b : UNFORGETTABLE, MEMORABLE *an indelible performance*
148
indemnify
[in'demnifai] vt. 赔偿；保护；使免于受罚
vt.1 : to secure against hurt, loss, or damage
2 : to make compensation to for incurred hurt, loss, or damage
synonyms see PAY
149
indifferent
[in'difərənt] adj. 漠不关心的；无关紧要的；中性的，中立的
Adj.1 : marked by impartiality : UNBIASED
2 a : that does not matter one way or the other b : of no importance or value one way or the other
3 a : marked by no special liking for or dislike of something *indifferent about which task he was given* b : marked by a lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern for something : APATHETIC *indifferent to suffering and poverty*
4 : being neither excessive nor inadequate : MODERATE *hills of indifferent size*
5 a : being neither good nor bad : MEDIOCRE *does indifferent work* b : being neither right nor wrong
6 : characterized by lack of active quality : NEUTRAL *an indifferent chemical*
7 a : not differentiated *indifferent tissues of the human body* b : capable of development in more than one direction; especially : not yet embryologically determined
150
indignant
[in'diɡnənt] adj. 愤愤不平的；义愤的
| Adj.: filled with or marked by indignation *became indignant at the accusation*
151
indignity
[in'diɡnəti] n. 侮辱；轻蔑；有伤尊严；无礼举动
Noun.1 a : an act that offends against a person's dignity or self-respect : INSULT b : humiliating treatment
2 obsolete : lack or loss of dignity or honor
152
induce
[in'dju:s, in'du:s] vt. [医]诱导；引起；引诱；[电]感应
vt.1 a : to move by persuasion or influence b : to call forth or bring about by influence or stimulation
2 a : EFFECT, CAUSE b : to cause the formation of c : to produce (as an electric current) by induction
3 : to determine by induction; specifically : to infer from particulars
153
induct
in'dʌkt] vt. 引导；感应；使…就职；征召入伍
vt.1 : to put in formal possession (as of a benefice or office) : INSTALL *was inducted as president of the college*
2 a : to admit as a member *inducted into a scholastic society* b : INTRODUCE, INITIATE c : to enroll for military training or service (as under a selective service act)
3 : LEAD, CONDUCT
154
induction
```
[in'dʌkʃən] n. 感应；归纳法；感应现象
Noun.1 a : the act or process of inducting (as into office) b : an initial experience : INITIATION c : the formality by which a civilian is inducted into military service
2 a (1) : inference of a generalized conclusion from particular instances ? compare DEDUCTION 2a (2) : a conclusion arrived at by induction b : mathematical demonstration of the validity of a law concerning all the positive integers by proving that it holds for the integer 1 and that if it holds for an arbitrarily chosen positive integer k, it must hold for the integer k + 1 ? called also mathematical induction
3 : a preface, prologue, or introductory scene especially of an early English play
4 a : the act of bringing forward or adducing (as facts or particulars) b : the act of causing or bringing on or about c : the process by which an electrical conductor becomes electrified when near a charged body, by which a magnetizable body becomes magnetized when in a magnetic field or in the magnetic flux set up by a magnetomotive force, or by which an electromotive force is produced in a circuit by varying the magnetic field linked with the circuit d : the inspiration of the fuel-air charge from the carburetor into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine e : the process by which the fate of embryonic cells is determined (as by the action of adjacent cells) and morphogenetic differentiation brought about
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155
industrious
[in'dʌstriəs] adj. 勤勉的
Adj.1 obsolete : SKILLFUL, INGENIOUS
2 : constantly, regularly, or habitually active or occupied : DILIGENT *an industrious worker*
synonyms see BUSY
156
inebriate
```
[ɪ'niːbrɪeɪt] n. 酒鬼；醉汉
adj. 酒醉的；醉醺醺的；陶醉的
vt. 灌醉；使陶醉；使兴奋
vt.1 : to exhilarate or stupefy as if by liquor
2 : to make drunk : INTOXICATE
Adj.1 : affected by alcohol : DRUNK
2 : addicted to excessive drinking
Noun.: one who is drunk; especially : DRUNKARD
```
157
ineffable
[in'efəbl] adj. 不可言喻的；不应说出的；难以形容的
Adj.1 a : incapable of being expressed in words : INDESCRIBABLE *ineffable joy* b : UNSPEAKABLE *ineffable disgust*
2 : not to be uttered : TABOO *the ineffable name of Jehovah*
158
inelasticity
[,inilæs'tisəti, in,elæs'tisəti] n. 不适应性；坚硬性；无弹力
159
ineluctable
[,ini'lʌktəbl] adj. 不可避免的；无法逃避的
| Adj. : not to be avoided, changed, or resisted : INEVITABLE *an ineluctable fate*
160
inexpedient
[ɪnɪk'spiːdɪənt; ɪnek-] adj. 不明智的；不适当的
| Adj. : not expedient : INADVISABLE
161
inexpiable
[ɪn'ekspɪəb(ə)l] adj. 不能抵偿的；不能平息的；不能抵赎的
Adj.1 : not capable of being atoned for
2 obsolete : IMPLACABLE, UNAPPEASABLE
