Lab 7 - Musculoskeletal System II

Question 1

List the joints of the pectoral (shoulder) girdle

Answer 1

Acromioclavicular joint and glenohumeral joint

Question 2

List the joints in the elbow region

Answer 2

Elbow joint (humerus articulates with ulna and radius) and radioulnar joint

Question 3

List the joints of the wrist

Answer 3

Radiocarpal joint, intercarpal joints, carpometacarpal joints

Question 4

Differentiate between abduction and adduction

Answer 4

Abduction: moving limb(s) away from the midline
Adduction: moving limb(s) toward the midline

Question 5

Differentiate between protraction and retraction

Answer 5

Protraction: pulling forward
Retraction: pulling backward

Question 6

Differentiate between supinate and pronate

Answer 6

Supinate: Turning upward
Pronate: Turning downward

Question 7

Name the origin and insertion for pectoralis major

Answer 7

Origin (medial): Clavicle, cartilage of ribs 1-6, sternum

Insertion (lateral): intertubercular groove and sulcus of the humerus

Question 8

Name the origin and insertion for deltoid

Answer 8

Origin (proximal): Clavicle and acromion process of the scapula
Insertion (distal): Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Question 9

Name the origin and insertion for latissimus dorsi

Answer 9

Origin (medial): Spinus processes of T6-L5, iliac crest, and ribs 9-12
Insertion (lateral): Intertubercular groove of the humerus

Question 10

Name the origin and insertion for biceps brachii

Answer 10

Origin (proximal): Coracoid process and glenoid cavity of scapula
Insertion (distal): Radial tuberosity

Question 11

Name the origin and insertion of triceps brachii

Answer 11

Origin (proximal): Posterior humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula
Insertion (distal): Olecranon process of ulna

Question 12

Which muscle is responsible for abduction of arm (prime mover)? Describe how it does this.

Answer 12

Deltoid

-Its anterior fibers flex the arm, and its posterior fibers extend the arm

Question 13

Which muscle is responsible for flexion and adduction of the arm (prime mover)?

Answer 13

Pectoralis major

Question 14

Which muscle is responsible for extension and adduction of the arm (prime mover)?

Answer 14

Latissimus dorsi

Question 15

What muscle is the synergist to the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 15

Teres major

Question 16

What stabilizes the shoulder joint and rotates the humerus?

Answer 16

The rotator cuff muscles

Question 17

Name the rotator cuff muscles

Answer 17

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis

Question 18

What protracts and laterally pulls scapulae forward?

Answer 18

Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor

Question 19

What elevates the scapulae?

Answer 19

Trapezius and levator scapulae

Question 20

What retracts the scapulae?

Answer 20

Trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Question 21

What is responsible for flexion and supination of the forearm?

Answer 21

Biceps brachii

Question 22

What is responsible for flexion of the forearm only?

Answer 22

Brachialis and brachioradialis

Question 23

What is responsible for pronation [acts on elbow joint]?

Answer 23

Pronator teres

Question 24

What is responsible for extension of the forearm?

Answer 24

Triceps brachii

Question 25

What is responsible for supination [acts on elbow joint]?

Answer 25

Supinator

Question 26

What 4 things are responsible for flexion of the wrist?

Answer 26

1) Palmaris longus
2) Flexor carpi ulnaris
3) Flexor carpi radialis
4) Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 27

What 4 things are responsibile for extension of the wrist?

Answer 27

1) Extensor carpi radialis longus
2) Extensor carpi radialis brevis
3) Brachioradialis
4) Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 28

What is responsible for flexion of the fingers?

Answer 28

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 29

What is responsible for extension of the fingers?

Answer 29

Extensor digitorum

Question 30

Flexors can be found on the ____ side of the wrist, while extensors can be found on the ____ side of the wrist

Answer 30

anterior; posterior

Question 31

From lateral to medial in anatomical position, what is the order of the anterior forearm/wrist muscles?

Answer 31

1) Brachioradialis
2) Pronator teres (slightly superior to brachioradialis too)
3) Flexor digitorum superficialis (located deep and in most of forearm)
4) Flexor carpi radialis
5) Palmaris longus

Question 32

From lateral to medial in anatomical position, what is the order of the posterior forearm/wrist muscles?

Answer 32

1) Brachioradialis
2) Extensor carpi radialis longus
3) Extensor carpi radialis brevis
4) Extensor digitorum
5) Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 33

From superior to inferior in anatomical position, what is the order of the posterior pectoral/shoulder girdle muscles?

Answer 33

1) Levator scapulae
2) Rhomboid minor (medial) and supraspinatus (lateral)
3) Rhomboid major (medial) and infraspinatus (lateral)
4) Teres minor
5) Teres major
6) Seratus anterior
And the trapezius and latissmus dorsi are large muscles superficial to the muscles listed above

Question 34

From lateral to medial in anatomical position, what is the order of the anterior pectoral/shoulder girdle muscles?

Answer 34

1) Suprascapularis (deep) and deltoid (superficial)

2) Pectoralis major

Question 35

Where is the brachialis muscle located?

Answer 35

Underneath the biceps brachii; biceps brachii is the most superficial muscle of the anterior brachial region

Question 36

The head of the humerus is pointed in a ____ direction in anatomical position

Answer 36

medial

Question 37

List the three phalanx (finger) bones in order

Answer 37

1) Distal phalanx
2) Middle phalanx
3) Proximal phalanx

Question 38

What are the two bones found in the pollex?

Answer 38

1) Distal phalanx

2) Proximal phalanx

Question 39

List the three carpal bones we need to know in order from lateral to medial

Answer 39

1) Trapezium
2) Scaphoid
3) Lunate

Question 40

List the metacarpal bones in order from lateral to medial

Answer 40

I, II, III, IV, V

Question 41

The radius is _____ to the ulna

Answer 41

lateral