lab 8 Flashcards
(128 cards)
1
Q
locations of paranasal sinuses
A
frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, maxillary
2
Q
sinuses functions
A
lighten skull, produce mucus
3
Q
two bones forming the nasal cavity floor
A
maxilla and palatine
4
Q
functions of the nasal conchae/internal nares during inhalation
A
spin air to warm it, traps invaders in mucus
5
Q
function of nasal conchae/internal nares during exhalation
A
prevents dehydration
6
Q
pharynx regions
A
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
7
Q
nasopharynx
A
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epi
contains pharyngeal tonsil and opening of eustachian tubes
8
Q
oropharnyx
A
non keratinized stratified squamous epi
contains opening of mouth and palatine + linguinal tonsils
9
Q
laryngopharynx
A
non keratinized stratified squamous epi
underneath hyoid bone
10
Q
external nares (nostrils) Function
A
Lead into nasal vestibules
11
Q
nasal cavity
A
large space in anterior portion of the skull
12
Q
nasal septum function
A
divides cavity in half
13
Q
choanae ( internal nares) Function
A
provide passage out of the nasal cavity to the pharynx
14
Q
fauces
A
opening from mouth (mouth to pharynx)
15
Q
tonsils
A
pharyngeal
palatine
lingual
16
Q
tonsils and function
A
pharyngeal
palatine
lingual
filtering, protect form invaders
17
Q
larynx function
A
connects the laryngopharynx to the trachea, contains vocal cords
18
Q
trachea function
A
19
Q
thyroid cartilage function
A
forms anterior wall of larynx
20
Q
cricoid cartilage
A
ring of cartilage that forms inferior wall of larynx
21
Q
hyoid bone
A
connects with thyroid cartilage and tongue
22
Q
eppiglotis
A
closes off trachea during swallowing, opens for air during inhalation
23
Q
glottis
A
pair of folds (vocal folds)
24
Q
rima glottidis
A
space between teh two folds of the glottis
25
tracheal cartilages
rings of hyaline cartilage on the trachea
26
vestibular folds
superior pair of membranous folds of the larynx (false vocal cords)
27
vocal folds
inferior pair of membranous folds of the larynx (true vocal cords)
28
trachea function
facilitates passage of air from larynx to bronchi
29
carina
ridge that divides trachea into left and right bronchus
30
main/primary bronchus
first division from trachea (left and right bronchus)
31
lobar/secondary bronchi
divisions from left and right bronchus
32
terminal bronchiole
divisions from secondary bronchioles
33
lobes of the lungs function
superior, middle, inferior
divides lungs into section to minimize failure of entire lung
34
smooth muscle
in bronchioles, contract and relax to regulate airway diamenter
35
respiratory bronchioles
subdivisions of terminal bronchioles that contain alveolar ducts
36
alveolar duct
subdivisions of respiratory bronchioles
37
alveolar sac
hang off alveolar ducts
38
alveolus
each individual alveoli in the sac
39
pleural membrane (layers)
visceral - inner
parieteal - outer
40
pulmonary arteriole
carries de oxy blood to the lungs
41
pulmonary venule
carries oxy blood to the heart
42
pulmonary capillary
site of diffusion in alveoli and capillaries
43
emphysema
look for damage to the alveolar sacs
44
diaphragm
contracts to make room for air in the lungs
45
external intercostals
external side of inter rib muscles
46
sternocleidomastoid
neck muscle - elevate sternum
47
pectoralis minor
undeneath major
48
internal intercostals
internal side of inter rib muscles
49
tidal volume
amount of air inhaled or exhaled during a single breathe - usually 500ml for males
50
dead space
air that remains in the areas not lined by simple squamous epithelium and is unavailable for gas exchange
51
4 areas of of dead space
trachea, bronchiol tubes, broncholes, larynx
52
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
amount of air that can be inhaled in excess of normal inhalation
53
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
amount of air that can be exhaled in excess of normal exhalation
54
residual volume
amount of air remaining in the alveoli and airways after forceful exhalation
55
vital capacity
total air of the lungs
tidal volume + inspatory + expiratory reserve volumes
56
total lung capacity
sum of vital capacity (TV+EPV+IPV) and residual volume
57
4 functiosn of teh respiratory system
- provide for gas exchange
- regular blood pH
- contains smell receptors
- filters air, produce vocal sounds
58
where can non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium be found in the respiratory system?
oropharynx
59
where can psuedostrat ciliated columnar epi be found in respiratory system
nasopharynx, bronchi
60
where can goblet cells be found in respiratory system
larynx
61
where can simple squamous epi be found in respiratory system
alveolo
62
why does a epithelium change in the respiratory tract?
non keratinized (top) is better suited for friction of the mouth and nasal cavity, where simple squamous is better suited for gas exchange
63
internal respiration
exchange of gas between body cells, occurs throughout the body
64
external respiration
diffusion of gas from air in alveoli to the blood
65
frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, maxillary
locations of paranasal sinuses
66
lighten skull, produce mucus
sinuses functions
67
maxilla and palatine
two bones forming the nasal cavity floor
68
spin air to warm it, traps invaders in mucus
functions of the nasal conchae/internal nares during inhalation
69
prevents dehydration
function of nasal conchae/internal nares during exhalation
70
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
pharynx regions
71
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epi
contains pharyngeal tonsil and opening of eustachian tubes
nasopharynx
72
non keratinized stratified squamous epi
contains opening of mouth and palatine + linguinal tonsils
oropharnyx
73
non keratinized stratified squamous epi
underneath hyoid bone
laryngopharynx
74
Lead into nasal vestibules
external nares (nostrils) Function
75
large space in anterior portion of the skull
nasal cavity
76
divides cavity in half
nasal septum function
77
provide passage out of the nasal cavity to the pharynx
choanae ( internal nares) Function
78
opening from mouth (mouth to pharynx)
fauces
79
pharyngeal
palatine
lingual
tonsils
80
pharyngeal
palatine
lingual
filtering, protect form invaders
tonsils and function
81
connects the laryngopharynx to the trachea, contains vocal cords
larynx function
82
trachea function
83
forms anterior wall of larynx
thyroid cartilage function
84
ring of cartilage that forms inferior wall of larynx
cricoid cartilage
85
connects with thyroid cartilage and tongue
hyoid bone
86
closes off trachea during swallowing, opens for air during inhalation
eppiglotis
87
pair of folds (vocal folds)
glottis
88
space between teh two folds of the glottis
rima glottidis
89
rings of hyaline cartilage on the trachea
tracheal cartilages
90
superior pair of membranous folds of the larynx (false vocal cords)
vestibular folds
91
inferior pair of membranous folds of the larynx (true vocal cords)
vocal folds
92
facilitates passage of air from larynx to bronchi
trachea function
93
ridge that divides trachea into left and right bronchus
carina
94
first division from trachea (left and right bronchus)
main/primary bronchus
95
divisions from left and right bronchus
lobar/secondary bronchi
96
divisions from secondary bronchioles
terminal bronchiole
97
superior, middle, inferior
divides lungs into section to minimize failure of entire lung
lobes of the lungs function
98
in bronchioles, contract and relax to regulate airway diamenter
smooth muscle
99
subdivisions of terminal bronchioles that contain alveolar ducts
respiratory bronchioles
100
subdivisions of respiratory bronchioles
alveolar duct
101
hang off alveolar ducts
alveolar sac
102
each individual alveoli in the sac
alveolus
103
visceral - inner
parieteal - outer
pleural membrane (layers)
104
carries de oxy blood to the lungs
pulmonary arteriole
105
carries oxy blood to the heart
pulmonary venule
106
site of diffusion in alveoli and capillaries
pulmonary capillary
107
look for damage to the alveolar sacs
emphysema
108
contracts to make room for air in the lungs
diaphragm
109
external side of inter rib muscles
external intercostals
110
neck muscle - elevate sternum
sternocleidomastoid
111
undeneath major
pectoralis minor
112
internal side of inter rib muscles
internal intercostals
113
amount of air inhaled or exhaled during a single breathe - usually 500ml for males
tidal volume
114
air that remains in the areas not lined by simple squamous epithelium and is unavailable for gas exchange
dead space
115
trachea, bronchiol tubes, broncholes, larynx
4 areas of of dead space
116
amount of air that can be inhaled in excess of normal inhalation
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
117
amount of air that can be exhaled in excess of normal exhalation
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
118
amount of air remaining in the alveoli and airways after forceful exhalation
residual volume
119
total air of the lungs
tidal volume + inspatory + expiratory reserve volumes
vital capacity
120
sum of vital capacity (TV+EPV+IPV) and residual volume
total lung capacity
121
- provide for gas exchange
- regular blood pH
- contains smell receptors
- filters air, produce vocal sounds
4 functiosn of teh respiratory system
122
oropharynx
where can non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium be found in the respiratory system?
123
nasopharynx, bronchi
where can psuedostrat ciliated columnar epi be found in respiratory system
124
larynx
where can goblet cells be found in respiratory system
125
alveolo
where can simple squamous epi be found in respiratory system
126
non keratinized (top) is better suited for friction of the mouth and nasal cavity, where simple squamous is better suited for gas exchange
why does a epithelium change in the respiratory tract?
127
exchange of gas between body cells, occurs throughout the body
internal respiration
128
diffusion of gas from air in alveoli to the blood
external respiration
