LARYNX Flashcards
(25 cards)
The larynx acts as a compound sphincter to prevent the passage of food or drink into the airway in swallowing and to close the ______ during the valsalva maneuver (buildup of air pressure during coughing, sneezing, micturition, defecation, or parturition_
Rima glottidis
regulates the flow of air to and from the lungs for vocalizaion (phoantion)
Larynx
single hyaline cartilage that forms a median elevation called layngeal prominence which is particularly apparent in males
Has an oblique line on the lateral surface of its lamina that gives attachment for the inferior pharyngeal constrictor, sternohyoid, and thyrohyoid muscles
Thyroid cartilage
Single hyaline cartilage that is shaped like a signet ring
level of C6 and articulates with the thyroid cartilage. Its lower border marks the end of the pharynx and larynx
Cricoid cartilage
single elastic cartilage
spoon-shaped plate that lies behind the root of the tongue and forms the superior part of the anterior wall of the larynx
Lower end is attached to the back of the thyroid cartilage
Epiglottis
paired elastic and hyaline cartilage
shaped like pyramids, with abses that articulate with and rotate on the cricoid cartilage
have vocal processes, which give attachment to the vocal ligament and vocalis muscle, and muscular processes, which give attachment to the thyroarytenoid muscle and the lateral and posterior cricothyroid muscles
sits on top of the cricoid cartilage and rotates to change the opening of the vocal folds (rima glottidis)
Arytenoid cartilage
Paired elastic cartilages that lie on the apices of the arytenoid cartilages.
Enclosed within the aryepiglottic folds of mucous membrane
Corniculate Cartilages
Paired ekeastic cartilages that lie in the aryepiglottic folds anterior to the corniculate cartilages
Cuneiform Cartilages
Extends from the thyroid cartilage to the medial surface of the hyoid bone
Middle (thicker) part is called the middle thyrohyoid ligament, and its lateral portion is pierced by the internal laryngeal nerve and the superior laryngeal vessels
Thyrohyoid membrane
Extends from the arch of the cricoid cartilage to the thyroid cartilage and the vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages
Cricothyroid Ligament
Extends from the posterior surface of the thyroid cartilage to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage, and is considered the upper border of the conus elasticus
Vocal ligament
Extends from the thyroid cartilage to the anterior lateral surface of the arytenoid cartilage
Vestibular (Ventricular) Ligament
Is the paired lateral portion of the fibroelastic membrane that extends between the superior border of the entire arch of the cricoid cartilage and the vocal ligaments
Formed by cricothyroid, median cricothyroid, and vocal ligaments
Conus Elasticus (Cricovocal Ligament)
The laryngeal cavity is divided into 3 portions by the vestibualr and vocal folds
- Vestibule
- Ventricles
- Infraglottic Cavity
- Rima Glottidis
extends from the laryngeal inlet to the vestibualr (ventricular) folds
Vestibule
Extend between the vestibular fold and the vocal fold
Ventricles
Extends from the rima glottidis to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage
Infraglottic cavity
space between the vocal folds and arytenoid cartilages
Narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity
Rima Glottidis
Extend from the thyroid cartilage above the vocal ligament to the arytenoid cartilage
Vestibular folds (False Vocal Cords)
Extend from the angle of the thyroid cartilage to the vocal processes of the arythenoid cartilages
Contain the vocal ligament near their free margin and the vocalis muscles, which forms the bulk of the vocal fold
Important in voice production because they control the steam of air passing through the rima glottidis
Vocal Folds (True Vocal Cords)
The ________ innervates all of the intrinsic muscles of the vagus nerve
Supplies sensory innervation below the vocal cord
Terminal portion above the lower border of the cricoid cartilage called the inferior laryngeal nerve
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Muscles of the Larynx
Branch of the vagus nerve and divides into the internal and external laryngeal branches
Superior Laryngeal nerve
Innervates the mucous membrane above the vocal cord and taste buds on the epiglottis
Accompanied by the superior laryngeal artery and pierces the thyrohyoid membrane
Internal Laryngeal Nerve
