[Review test] Lower Limb

Question 1

Answer 1

• 1. B
• 2. C
• 3. D

Question 2

A 41 year old man was involved in a fight and felt weakness in extending the knee joint. On examniation, he was diagnosed with a lesion of the femoral nerve. Which of the following symptoms would be a result of this nerve damage

• A. Paralysis of the psoas muscle
• B. Loss of skin sansation on the lateral side of the foot
• C. Loss of skin sensation over the greater trochanter
• D. Paralysis of the Vastus lateralis
• E. Paralysis of the tensor fasciae latae

Answer 2

4. D

The feomoral nerve innervates the quadratus femoris, sartorius, vastus lateralis

Question 3

Answer 3

• 5 B
  
  • innervates the chief evertors of the foot
    
    • tibialis anterior (DPN)
    • tibialis posterior
    • triceps surae
    • extensor hallucis longus (DPN)
• 6 C

Question 4

Answer 4

• 7 C
• 8 A
  
  • innervates the peroneus longus and brevis

Question 5

Answer 5

• 9 D
• 10 E
  
  • Hamstring: Extend and thigh and flex leg
  • sartorius : flex the thigh and leg
  • vastus intermedius : extend the leg

Question 6

Answer 6

• 11 C
  
  • flexor hallucis: groove on the posterior surface of the talus and the groove on the undersurface of the sustentaculum tali
• 12 D

Question 7

A thoracic surgeon is going to colelct a portion of the greater sapheous vein for coronary bypass surgey. He has observed that this veins runs:

• A. posterior to the medial malleolus
• B. Into the popliteal vein
• C. Anterior to the medial condyles of the tibia and femur
• D. Superficial to the fascia lata of the thigh
• E. Along with the femoral artery

Answer 7

D

Question 8

Answer 8

• 14 D
• 15 C

Question 9

A 62 year old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. As a result, she has a posterior dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur

Answer 9

• 16 C
  
  • The obturator artery gives rise to an acetabular branch that runs in the round ligament of the head of the femur
• 17 D
  
  • D

Question 10

If the acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior margin by doslocation of the hip bone, which of the following bones be involved?

• A. Pubis
• B. Ischium
• C.Ilium
• D. Sacrum
• E. Head of the femure

Answer 10

C

Question 11

Answer 11

• 19 E
• 20 C
  
  • The cruciate anastomoses
    
    • inferior gluteal
    • transverse branches of the medial and lateral femoral circumflex
    • Ascending branch of the first perforating artery

Question 12

Answer 12

• 21 C
• 22 A

Question 13

A patient is involved in a motorcycle wreck that results in avulsion of the skin over the anterolateral leg and ankle, which of the following is most likely destroyed woth this type of injury?

• A. deep peroneal
• B/ Extensor Digitorum Longus
• C. Dorsalis Pedis
• D. Great saphenou
• E. Superficial peroneal

Answer 13

E

Question 14

Answer 14

• 24 E
• 25 B
  
  • Cuboid : keystone for the lateral longitudinal arch
  • transverse arch
    
    • navicular
    • 3 cunefoirm
    • cuboid

Question 15

Answer 15

• 26 D
• 27 D

Question 16

Answer 16

• 28 D
  
  • Adductor canal
    
    • femoral vessels
    • sphaneous nerve
    • nerve to the vastus medialis
• 29 C
• 30 D
  
  • the gluteus maximus is inserted into the gluteal tuberosity

Question 17

A 20 year old college student receives a severe blow on the inferolateral side of the left knee joint while playing football. Xray reveals a fracture of the head and neck of the fibula

Answer 17

• 31 C
• 32 C

Question 18

A 20 year old college student receives a severe blow on the inferolateral side of the left knee joint while playing football. Xray reveals a fracture of the head and neck of the fibula

Answer 18

• 33 B
• 34 C
• 35 D

Question 19

Answer 19

• 36 C
• 37 D
  
  • Rectus femoris and Sarotius :femoral nerve
  • Biceps femoris long head : Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve
  • Bicep femoris short head : common peroneal portion of the sciatic nerve
  • Pectineus: femoral and obturator nerves

Question 20

A 24 year old woman presents to her physician with weakness in flexing the hip ajoing and extending the knee joint. Which muscle is most likely involved?

• A. Sartorius
• B. Gracilis
• C. Rectus femoris
• D. Vastus medialis
• E. Semimembranosus

Answer 20

C

Question 21

Answer 21

• 39 C
• 40 B

Question 22

Answer 22

• 41 A
• 42 D

Question 23

A 35 year old man has diffculty in dorsiflexing the foot. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?

• A. Tibialis posterior
• B. Flexor digitorum longus
• C. Tibilias anterior
• D. Peroneus longus
• E. Peroneus Brevis

Answer 23

C

Question 24

Answer 24

• 44 A
• 45 A
• 46 D

Question 25

Answer 25

* 47 B * 48 C

Question 26

Answer 26

* 49 D * 50 B

Question 27

A 28 year old backetball player falls while rebounding and is unable to run and jump. On PE. he has pain and weakness when extending his thigh and flexing his leg. which muscle involved in both movements is most likely injured? * A. Short head of biceps femoris * B. Adductor magnus * C. Semitendinosus * D. Sartorius * E. Gracilis

Answer 27

C

Question 28

Answer 28

52 D

Question 29

* **53**. Rupture of the tendon superior to this structure would most likely cause an inability to extend the knee joint * **54.** Fracture of this structure would most likely cause weakness in adduction, flexion, and extension of the thigh * **55.** A knife penetrating through this point would most likely cause muscle ischemia in the anterior compartment of the leg * **56.** Fracture of this structure would most likely cause a lesion of the common peroneal nerve, resulting in paralysis of the muscles in the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg

Answer 29

* 53 C * The quadriceps tendon is ruptured * 54. A * The adductor tubercle is fractured. (the adductor magnus) * 55 B * The anterior tibilial artery enters the anterior compartment by passingthrough a gap between the neck of the fibula and tibia * 56 E * The common peroneal nerve is vulnerable to injury as it passes behind the the head pf the fibula and then winds laterally around the neck of the fibula

Question 30

Answer 30

* 57 D * The iliopsoas muscleinserts in the lesser trochanter * 58 B * The greater trochanter is the site for insertion of the obturator foramen * 59 C * Ischiopubic ramus and the ischial tuberosity provides attachment for the adductor magnus * 60 A * The distal part of the femoral head receives blood mainly from the medial femoral circumflex artery

Question 31

61. The flexor hallucis longus tendon is damaged in the groove on the posterior surface of a tarsal bone 62. The tibialis anterior and peroneus longus muscles are weaknened. which bone in the readiograph is most likely fractures 63. The medial longutidunal arch of the foot is flattened because the spring ligament is torn. Which bone? 64. The peroneous longus muscle tendon is damaged in a groove of a tarsal bone by fracture. Which bone in the radiograph is most likely fractures?

Answer 31

* 61 A * body of the talus * 62 E * The 1st or medial cueneiform * 63 D * The spring (plantar calcaneonavicular) ligament extends from the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus to the navicular bone * 64 B * The cuboid bone