Lecture 12

Question 1

What emerges from the anterior border on the Parotid Gland?

Answer 1

Parotid duct

Question 2

What muscle does the Parotid Gland pierce and where does it open into?

Answer 2

Pierces buccinator, and opens into the mouth opposite the crown of the 2nd upper molar

Question 3

What are the 3 structures within the Parotid Gland?

Answer 3

1) Facial Nerve
2) External Carotid Artery
3) Retromandibular Vein

Question 4

What system and nerve increases saliva production?

Answer 4

• Parasympathetic system
• Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 5

What nerve should the needle penetrate when giving an Anaesthetic Injection?

Answer 5

Inferior alveolar nerve

Question 6

If the injection goes too deep, what gland and nerve will you penetrate- and what are the effects of this?

Answer 6

• Parotid Gland
• Facial nerve: Temporarily causes a loss in facial movement

Question 7

Where does the Facial Nerve emerge from?

Answer 7

From the base of the skull through the Stylomastoid Foramen

Question 8

Where do the branches of the Facial nerve go?

Answer 8

Posterior belly of digastric and
Stylohyoid muscles

Question 9

What are the 5 branches of the Facial Nerve?

Answer 9

1) Temporal
2) Zygomatic
3) Buccal
4) Mandibular
5) Cervical

Question 10

What do the 5 branches of the Facial Nerve supply?

Answer 10

Muscles of Facial Expression

Question 11

What does the Facial Vein communicate with?

Answer 11

• Ophthalmic veins
• Pterygoid venous plexus of veins

Question 12

Where do the Ophthalmic Veins drain into?

Answer 12

Cavernous sinus

Question 13

What is the clinical significance of the Facial Veins?

Answer 13

Infection from the face can spread via veins into the cavernous sinus
- This will go straight to the brain

Question 14

List the Superficial Muscles of Mastication

Answer 14

1) Masseter Muscle
2) Temporalis Muscle

Question 15

Where does the Masseter muscle attach to?

Answer 15

Superiorly to the Zygomatic Arch

Question 16

What is the function of the Masseter Muscle?

Answer 16

Powerful elevator of the mandible

Question 17

What is the nerve supply to the Masseter Muscle?

Answer 17

Masseteric nerve from anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 18

Which way do the Posterior muscle fibres run on the Temporalis muscle?

Answer 18

Horizontally

Question 19

Which way do the Anterior muscle fibres run on the Temporalis muscle?

Answer 19

Vertically

Question 20

Where is the Temporalis muscle attached inferiorly?

Answer 20

Coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible

Question 21

What is the function of the anterior fibres on the Temporalis muscle?

Answer 21

Powerful elevator of the mandible

Question 22

What is the function of the posterior fibres on the Temporalis muscle?

Answer 22

Retract the mandible

Question 23

What is the nerve supply of the Temporalis muscle?

Answer 23

Deep temporal branches from anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 24

What is a critical joint for Mastication?

Answer 24

TMJ (Synovial)
- Hinge joint

Question 25

What is the Joint Capsule thickened as?

Answer 25

Lateral Ligament

Question 26

What are the 2 ligaments that connect the mandible to the cranium?

Answer 26

1) **Stylo**mandibular ligament 2) **Spheno**mandibular ligament

Question 27

List the Movements of the mandible at the TMJ

Answer 27

- Depression - Elevation - Protrusion - Retrusion (Retraction) - Lateral movement

Question 28

What is the blood supply to the TMJ?

Answer 28

From **maxillary** and **superficial temporal** arteries and veins

Question 29

What is the Sensory nerve supply of the TMJ?

Answer 29

**Auriculotemporal nerve** of mandibular division (V3)