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Anatomy > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

What are the divisions of the brain?

A

1) Cerebrum
2) Cerebellum
3) Brainstem
4) Diencephalon

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2
Q

What does the Brainstem consist of?

A
  • Medulla
  • Pons
  • Midbrain
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3
Q

What does the Diencephalon consist of?

A
  • Thalamus
  • Hypothalamus
  • Epithalamus
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4
Q

Where is the Diencephalon?

A

Superior to the midbrain

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5
Q

What is the Cerebrum the site of?

A
  • Memory
  • Intelligence
  • Personality
  • Behaviour
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6
Q

What is the fissure called that divides the 2 hemispheres of the Cerebrum?

A

Longitudinal Fissure

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7
Q

What are the 2 hemispheres of the Cerebrum joined by?

A

Corpus Callosum

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8
Q

Where is the Cerebrum?

A

In the ACF and MCF and extends posteriorly

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9
Q

What are the grooves called in the Cerebrum?

A

Sulci
- Central
- Lateral
- Parieto-occipital

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10
Q

What are the folds called in the Cerebrum?

A

Gyrus/Gyri

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11
Q

What are the 4 lobes in the Cerebrum?

A

1) Frontal
2) Parietal
3) Occipital
4) Temporal

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12
Q

What are the functions of the Frontal lobe in the Cerebrum?

A
  • Motor commands
  • Speech production
  • Personality
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13
Q

What is the function of the Parietal lobe in the Cerebrum?

A
  • General sensation
    (all p’s- Pressure, Pain, Proprioception, Position)
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14
Q

What is the function of the Occipital lobe in the Cerebrum?

A

Visual sensation and cortex

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15
Q

What is the function of the Temporal lobe in the Cerebrum?

A
  • Hearing & Comprehension of speech
  • Spatial orientation & memory
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16
Q

What are the major functions of the Cerebrum?

A
  • Thinking- consciousness and learning
  • Integration of all sensory input
  • Integration of motor control
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17
Q

Where is the Cerebellum?

A

In the PCF

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18
Q

What is the function of the Cerebellum?

A

Unconscious control/coordinates of movement: eg balance, speech, posture

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19
Q

What are the parallel folds in the Cerebellum called?

A

Folia

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20
Q

What is the function of the Brainstem?

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A

Communication between cerebrum, cerebellum and spinal cord

21
Q

Where is the Brainstem?

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A

Between diencephalon and spinal cord

22
Q

What originates from the Brainstem?

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A

Cranial nerves

23
Q

What is the Corpus Callosum?

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A

A bundle of nerve fibres or axons

24
Q

What is the function of the Corpus Callosum?

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A

Permits communication between the 2 cerebral hemispheres

25
What is the Thalamus separated by?
The third ventricle
26
What is the function of the Thalamus?
A **sensory relay station** between **body** and **post-central gyrus**
27
Where is the Basal Nuclei (Ganglia)?
Lateral to thalamus
28
What is the function of the Basal Nuclei?
Control movement (motor)
29
What does the Hypothalamus form?
Parts of wall and floor of 3rd ventricle
30
What is the function of the Hypothalamus?
- Is the **interface** between **brain** and **endocrine system** - **Control centre** of **autonomic nervous system**
31
Where is the Pituitary Gland?
Lies in the pituitary fossa
32
What is the function of the Pituitary Gland?
Releases hormones under hypothalamic control
33
What is the purpose of Cerebral Peduncles?
Helps anchor the cerebrum to the brainstem
34
What is the function of Cerebral Peduncles?
Carry sensory and motor axons to and from the cerebrum
35
What is the purpose of Cerebellar Peduncles?
Connects the cerebellum to the brainstem
36
What is the function of Cerebellar Peduncles?
Carry sensory and motor axons to and from the cerebellum
37
What is the Medulla?
- The hindbrain - Lowest section of the brainstem - Continues as spinal cord
38
What does the Medulla consist of?
- Olive - Pyramid: contains motor axons - Pyramidal tract
39
What are the Pyramids in the Medulla?
Tracts that control movement
40
What do the ventricles in the brain contain?
Cerebralspinal Fluid
41
What are the different ventricles in the brain?
- 2 lateral - One third - One fourth ventricle
42
What do the lateral ventricles consist of?
Body, anterior, posterior & inferior horns
43
What structures surround the Third Ventricle?
Thalamus and Hypothalamus
44
Where is the Fourth Ventricle?
Lies between pons and medulla
45
What are the 2 connections between the ventricles?
- Interventricular foramina: Connects Lateral Ventricles to 3rd Ventricle - Cerebral aqueduct: Connects 3rd Ventricle to 4th Ventricle
46
What is the function of Cerebrospinal Fluid?
- Shock absorption - Nutrition of brain - Defense of brain - Mechanical support & buoyancy of brain
47
What is the Choroid plexus?
A network of capillaries in the ventricles and **produce CSF**
48
Where is the CSF reabsorbed?
**Arachnoid granulations** in the **superior sagittal sinus**

Anatomy (21 decks)

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