Lecture 18

Question 1

The physical breakdown of food into smaller particles is known as ___ digestion.

Answer 1

mechanical

Question 2

The muscle layer indicated in the image is the muscularis ___.

Answer 2

mucosa

Question 3

The submucosa is labeled letter ___ in this figure.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The histological layer of smooth muscle indicated in the figure is the ___ externa.

Answer 4

muscularis

Question 5

What is the outermost layer of the digestive tract wall?

Answer 5

Serosa

Question 6

What is the hydrolysis of large dietary macromolecules into monomers known as?

Answer 6

Chemical digestion

Question 7

What is the network of nervous tissue within the wall of the alimentary canal called?

Answer 7

Enteric nervous system

Question 8

Which muscle layer found is between the mucosa and submucosa of the digestive tract wall?

Answer 8

Muscularis mucosae

Question 9

Which is true of the long reflexes that aid in regulation of the digestive tract?

Answer 9

They use the vagus nerves and brainstem.

Question 10

The layer of the digestive tract wall indicated in the figure is the ______.

Answer 10

submucosa

Question 11

Which muscles produce the subtle tongue movements needed for speech?

Answer 11

Intrinsic muscles

Question 12

The muscularis externa is indicated by which letter in this figure?

Answer 12

B

Question 13

The portion of the tooth below the gum is the ______ of the tooth.

Answer 13

root

Question 14

The layer of the digestive tract wall indicated in the figure is the ___

Answer 14

serosa

Question 15

What is the living connective tissue covering the root of a tooth called?

Answer 15

Cementum

Question 16

The ___ nervous system is comprised of the submucosal and myenteric plexuses.

Answer 16

enteric

Question 17

The hard yellowish material that makes up most of the tooth is called ______.

Answer 17

dentin

Question 18

Which digestive reflexes use autonomic nerve fibers running to and from the brainstem?

Answer 18

Long

Question 19

The pulp of a tooth is found within the ___ cavity

Answer 19

pulp

Question 20

Which tongue muscles originate outside of the tongue but act upon it?

Answer 20

extrinsic

Question 21

The enzyme salivary ___ begins starch digestion in the mouth.

Answer 21

amylase

Question 22

match each tooth region w/ its description:

Answer 22

neck –> where the crown, gum, and root meet

root –> portion of the tooth below the gum

crown –> portion of the tooth above the gum

Question 23

What type of salivary glands are the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands?

Answer 23

extrinsic

Question 24

True or false: Enamel covers the surface of the crown and the root of each tooth.

Answer 24

false –> only covers the crown

Question 25

Which describes tooth enamel?

Answer 25

A cell-free protective layer over the crown

Question 26

When swallowing, a bolus of food moves from the mouth directly into the ___ before reaching the esophagus.

Answer 26

pharynx

Question 27

What is the root canal of a tooth filled with?

Answer 27

pulp

Question 28

Which salivary enzyme digests fats?

Answer 28

Lingual lipase

Question 29

Which muscular structure remains closed when food is not being swallowed in order to exclude air from the esophagus?

Answer 29

Upper esophageal sphincter

Question 30

What are the salivary glands dispersed among the oral tissues referred to as?

Answer 30

Intrinsic

Question 31

The ___ esophageal sphincter prevents stomach contents from spilling into the esophagus.

Answer 31

lower

Question 32

What is the living connective tissue covering the root of a tooth called?

Answer 32

cementum

Question 33

The pharynx connects the oral cavity to the ______ and the nasal cavity to the ______.

Answer 33

esophagus larynx

Question 34

Which structure is indicated in the picture?

Answer 34

Esophagus

Question 35

What is the hollow cavity within the crown of a tooth called?

Answer 35

Pulp cavity

Question 36

Choose all the phase of swallowing that are involuntary.

Answer 36

Pharyngeal Esophageal

Question 37

The upper ___ sphincter is formed by the inferior pharyngeal constrictors.

Answer 37

esophageal

Question 38

What is the straight muscular tube conveying food from pharynx to the stomach called?

Answer 38

Esophagus

Question 39

True or false: Enamel covers the surface of the crown and the root of each tooth.

Answer 39

False - enamel covers only the surface of the crown - enamel covers dentin in crown and cement covers dentin in root

Question 40

The rhythmic, wave-like contraction of the smooth muscles of the digestive tract is known as ___

Answer 40

peristalsis

Question 41

The segment of the digestive tract indicated in the figure is the ___

Answer 41

esophagus

Question 42

Which phase of swallowing is voluntary?

Answer 42

oral

Question 43

Which muscular structure remains closed when food is not being swallowed in order to exclude air from the esophagus?

Answer 43

Upper esophageal sphincter

Question 44

The ___ esophageal sphincter prevents stomach contents from spilling into the esophagus.

Answer 44

lower

Question 45

Peristalsis occurs in which phase of swallowing?

Answer 45

Esophageal