Lecture 20

Question 1

What are the segments of the small intestine in the order through which food passes?

Answer 1

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

don’t just ignite

Question 2

Which valve is found at the junction of the small and large intestines?

Answer 2

Ileocecal

Question 3

The term ___ refers to the small fingerlike projections of the lining of the small intestine.

Answer 3

villi

Question 4

The mucus-secreting cells in the epithelium of the intestine are called ______ cells.

Answer 4

goblet

Question 5

List, in order from top to bottom, the segments of the small intestine.

Answer 5

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 6

What is a lacteal?

Answer 6

A lymphatic capillary within a villus used for lipid absorption

Question 7

The middle and longest section of the small intestine is the ______.

Answer 7

jejunum

Question 8

The valve at the junction of the small intestine and large intestines is the ___ valve.

Answer 8

ileocecal

Question 9

The fringe of microvilli on the apical surface of an epithelial cell which serves to increase surface area for absorption is also known as the ___ border.

Answer 9

brush

Question 10

What are the villi of the small intestine?

Answer 10

Fingerlike projections of mucosa

Question 11

The tubular glands within the mucosa and submucosa of the small intestine are called intestinal ___.

Answer 11

crypts

Question 12

What is a goblet cell?

Answer 12

A mucus-secreting epithelial cell

Question 13

What are the strips of longitudinal muscle fibers in the colon called?

Answer 13

taenia coli

Question 14

A lymphatic capillary within the core of an intestinal villus, necessary for the absorption of lipids, is called a(n) ___.

Answer 14

lacteal

Question 15

Pouches that form the walls of the large intestine are called ___.

Answer 15

haustra

Question 16

The primary secretion of the glands in the large intestine is ___.

Answer 16

mucus

Question 17

Which enzymes are located within the plasma membrane of enterocytes in the small intestine?

Answer 17

Brush border enzymes

Question 18

What are the intestinal crypts of the small intestine?

Answer 18

Tubular glands within the mucosa and submucosa

Question 19

The term gut ___ is the collective name for the many species of bacteria residing in the large intestine.

Answer 19

microbiome or flora

Question 20

The strips of longitudinal muscle shown in the figure are the ___ coli.

Answer 20

taenia

Question 21

What are haustra?

Answer 21

Pouches along the length of the colon

Question 22

The stimulus for the ___ reflex is stretching of the rectum.

Answer 22

defecation

Question 23

Within the large intestine, mucus is secreted by goblet cells located where?

Answer 23

Intestinal crypts

Question 24

Which three nervous system components mediate the defecation reflex?
- submucosal nerve plexus
- sympathetic nervous system
- spinal cord
- pelvic nerves
- meyenteric nerve plexus

Answer 24

meyenteric plexus
spinal cord
pelvic nerves

Question 25

The fringe of microvilli on the apical surface of an epithelial cell which serves to increase surface area for absorption is also known as the ___ border.

Answer 25

brush

Question 26

Of the two anal sphincters, the ______ anal sphincter is under voluntary control and the ______ anal sphincter is under involuntary control.

Answer 26

external, internal

Question 27

The gut microbiome refers to the many species of bacteria residing where?

Answer 27

Large intestine

Question 28

What are the strips of longitudinal muscle fibers in the colon called?

Answer 28

Taenia coli

Question 29

Choose all that are stimuli for defecation. - stretching of the sigmoid colon - stretching of the stomach - stretching of the descending colon - scretching of the rectum

Answer 29

Stretching of the sigmoid colon Stretching of the descending colon Stretching of the rectum

Question 30

What are two effects of the defecation reflexes? - relaxation of the external anal sphincter - mass movements within the ascending colon - relaxation of the internal anal sphincter - peristalsis in the rectum

Answer 30

Relaxation of the internal anal sphincter Peristalsis in the rectum

Question 31

The ___ anal sphincter is composed of skeletal muscle.

Answer 31

external

Question 32

The stimulus for the ___ reflex is stretching of the rectum.

Answer 32

defecation